Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Sudan

Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Sudan
بورتسودان‎‎ (ar)
Wuri
19°36′57″N 37°12′59″E
Jamhuriya	Sudan
State of Sudan (en)	Red Sea (en)
Babban birnin	Red Sea (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	579,942 (2010)
Labarin ƙasa
Altitude (en)	13 m
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1905

Port Sudan ( Arabic , Beja : Bar'uut ) babban birni ne mai tashar jiragen ruwa a Tekun Ja a gabashin Sudan, kuma babban birnin Jihar Tekun Ja . Port Sudan ita ce babbar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Sudan kuma tushen kashi 90% na cinikin ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙasar. An kiyasta yawan jama'ar Port Sudan a ƙidayar jama'a ta 2008 a Sudan ya kai mutane 394,561.

Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Port Sudan ta kasance cibiyar harkokin kasuwanci a tarihi, musamman a fannin jigilar kaya.

Daga watan Afrilun 2023 zuwa Janairun 2026, gwamnatin Sudan ta fi mayar da hankali kan Port Sudan sakamakon fada mai tsanani da aka yi a babban birnin Khartoum a yakin basasar da ake yi, wanda ya sa aka bayyana ta a matsayin babban birnin ƙasar. Port Sudan ta kuma fito a matsayin mafaka ga 'yan gudun hijira a Sudan.

Tarihi

Kafawa da tarihin farko

An gina tashar jiragen ruwa ta Port Sudan tsakanin 1905 da 1909 ta hannun gwamnatin Anglo-Masar Sudan don maye gurbin tashar jiragen ruwa ta Suakin —tashar jiragen ruwa ta Larabawa mai tarihi, wadda aka yi mata kaca-kaca da murjani. An gina bututun mai tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa da Khartoum a shekarar 1977.

Farkon ƙarni na 21

In 2009, Israel allegedly used naval commandos to attack Iranian arms ships at Port Sudan as part of Operation Birds of Prey. In 2020, Russian president Vladimir Putin announced that the Russian Navy would begin construction on a base with capacity for 300 personnel and four warships in Port Sudan, with an agreement to use the facility as a Russian naval base in Sudan for at least 25 years. The plan was ultimately suspended, though Sudanese leadership indicated in 2022 that it was possible that the construction could again move forward in the future.

A shekarar 2016, an ruwaito cewa mazauna Port Sudan sun fuskanci karancin ruwa . Bayan juyin mulkin Sudan na Oktoba zuwa Nuwamba 2021, majalisar kabilun Beja ta fara toshe tashoshin jiragen ruwa na birnin na tsawon mako guda. Bayan tattaunawa da jami'an soji, an dage shingen bayan mako guda.

Yaƙin basasar Sudan (2023-yanzu)

A lokacin yakin basasar Sudan (2023-yanzu), Port Sudan ta zama babbar hanyar da kuma mafaka ga mutanen da suka rasa matsuguninsu a cikin gida da ke tserewa daga yaƙi a wasu sassan ƙasar. An ruwaito cewa 'yan gudun hijirar da suka rasa matsuguninsu a cikin birnin suna fuskantar matsanancin zafi da ƙarancin abinci da ruwa.

A ƙarshen Oktoba 2023, Reuters ta ruwaito cewa Rundunar Taimakon Gaggawa (RSF) ta mallaki mafi yawan Khartoum, wanda hakan ya sa gwamnatin da Abdul Fattah el-Burhan ke jagoranta ta ƙaura zuwa Port Sudan. Janar Abdul Fattah al-Burhan, shugaban Rundunar Sojojin Sudan, "ya yi barazanar kafa majalisar ministoci" a Port Sudan, "da nufin ƙirƙirar babban birni na biyu." Hemedti, shugaban RSF, shi ma ya yi gargaɗin cewa wannan zai sa ya ayyana gwamnatinsa mai adawa da shi da ke zaune a Khartoum ko wani birni da yake iko da shi. Masu sharhi sun nuna damuwa game da rabuwar kai mai ɗorewa kamar ta Libya a lokacin yaƙe-yaƙen basasarta. An bayyana Port Sudan a matsayin "babban birnin Sudan" na " de actual ".

Iran da Rasha suna ƙoƙarin yin shawarwari da Sudan don gina sansanin sojojin ruwa a birnin.

A ranar 4 ga Mayu 2025, RSF ta kai hare-haren jiragen sama marasa matuki a Port Sudan a karon farko tun farkon yakin, inda ta kai hari kan sansanin sojin sama na Osman Digna, "ma'ajiyar kaya da wasu wuraren farar hula" kuma ta haifar da "ɓarna mai yawa". Bayan kwana guda, wani harin jiragen sama marasa matuki na RSF ya kai hari kan rumbunan mai, wanda ya haifar da gobara. Wasu kasashen Larabawa sun yi Allah wadai da ayyukan.

Tattalin Arziki

Gidan cin abinci na kifi a Port Sudan

Birnin yana da matatar mai kuma yana kula da kashi 90% na cinikin ƙasa da ƙasa na ƙasar. Manyan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa sun haɗa da man fetur, senna, da fatu. Kayayyakin da ake shigowa da su daga ƙasashen waje sun haɗa da kayan gini, manyan injuna, da ababen hawa.

Sufuri

Birnin yana da tashar jiragen ruwa ta zamani don jigilar kayayyaki da fitarwa. Tashar jiragen ruwa wani ɓangare ne na Hanyar Siliki ta Ruwa ta ƙarni na 21 wadda ke gudana daga gabar tekun China ta hanyar Suez Canal zuwa Bahar Rum, zuwa yankin Trieste na Upper Adriatic tare da haɗin layin dogo zuwa Tsakiya da Gabashin Turai .

Babban filin jirgin saman shine sabon filin jirgin saman kasa da kasa na Port Sudan . Yanzu haka akwai wata hanya mai kwalta da ta haɗa Port Sudan zuwa Khartoum ta hanyar Atbara. Port Sudan kuma tana da 1,067 millimetres (3 ft 6 in) hanyar jirgin ƙasa mai aunawa da Khartoum . Akwai kuma jirgin ruwa na ƙasa da ƙasa daga Jeddah .

A shekarar 2023, an gabatar da sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa mai nisan 200 kilometres (120 mi) a arewacin Port Sudan a Abu Amama . Haka kuma za a samar da wata hanya mai nisan 450 kilometres (280 mi) zuwa cibiyar noma a Abu Hamad . Wannan sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa za ta kasance a gaban Jeddah don haka ta rage tafiyar jirgin ruwa.

Ilimi

Harabar Jami'ar Red Sea

Birnin gida ne ga Jami'ar Tekun Bahar Maliya, wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1994.

Wuraren ibada

Masallaci a Port Sudan

Wuraren ibada galibi masallatan Musulmai ne, amma akwai kuma majami'u da haikali na Kirista, ciki har da Archdiocese na Roman Katolika na Khartoum ( Cocin Katolika ), Cocin Cikin Gida na Sudan ( Baptist World Alliance ), da Cocin Presbyterian a Sudan ( World Communion of Reformed Churches ) da Cocin Orthodox na Coptic .

Yanayi

Port Sudan tana da yanayi mai zafi na hamada ( Köppen : BWh) tare da lokacin zafi mai tsanani da kuma lokacin hunturu mai zafi, wanda ke buƙatar samun ruwa mai kyau daga Wadi Arba'at a cikin Tuddan Tekun Ja da kuma daga cikin kwano masu ƙafe gishiri. Zafin jiki na iya wuce 30 °C (86 °F) cikin sauƙi. a lokacin hunturu da kuma 45 °C (113 °F) a lokacin rani. Sama da kashi 90% na ruwan sama na shekara-shekara yana sauka tsakanin Oktoba da Janairu, galibi a watan Nuwamba, inda watan da ya fi danshi a tarihi shine Nuwamba 1947 tare da 182 millimetres (7.2 in), yayin da shekarar da ta fi danshi ta kasance daga Yuli 1923 zuwa Yuni 1924 tare da 231 millimetres (9.1 in) . Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara shine 76 millimetres (3.0 in), kuma babu ruwan sama da aka samu tsakanin Janairu 1983 da Yuni 1984. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a duk shekara (matsakaicin duk yanayin zafi na yau da kullun da ƙarancin dare) shine 28.4 °C (83.1 °F) .

Wasanni

An kafa Hay Al-Arab SC a shekarar 1928, sannan aka kafa Hilal Alsahil SC a shekarar 1937, dukkansu suna wasa a filin wasa na Port Sudan a gasar kwallon kafa ta Sudan Premier League . Ƙungiyar ta uku a birnin ita ce Al-Merreikh Al-Thagher .

Mutane masu shahara

• Gawaher (Mawakin pop)
• Ra'ouf Mus'ad (Marubucin Wasan Kwaikwayo)
• Abdel Karim al Kabli (mawaƙi)