Tashar samar da man fetur

Tashar samar da man fetur
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	thermal power station (en)
Defining formula (en)	$\eta \,=\,1-{\frac {T_{c}}{T_{h}}}$
Contributing factor of (en)	Gurbacewar Iska da Canjin yanayi

Tashar Wutar Lantarki ta Bełchatów ta 5,400 MW a Poland - ɗaya daga cikin manyan tashoshin wutar lantarki na duniya. 

Tashar wutar lantarki ta burbushin halittu tashar wutar lantarki ce mai zafi wacce ke ƙone man fetur, kamar kwal, mai, ko iskar gas, don samar da wutar lantarki. Tashoshin wutar lantarki na burbushin halittu suna da injunan da ke canza wutar lantarki ta konewa zuwa makamashi na inji, wanda ke ba da wutar lantarki. Babban motsi na iya zama turbine na tururi, turbine na gas ko, a cikin ƙananan tsire-tsire, Injin gas mai maida hankali. Dukkanin tsire-tsire suna amfani da makamashi da aka cire daga fadada iskar gas mai zafi, ko dai tururi ko iskar gas. Kodayake akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na sauya makamashi, duk hanyoyin sauya tashar wutar lantarki suna da ingancin su wanda aka iyakance ta hanyar ingancin Carnot sabili da haka samar da zafi mai guba.

Tashoshin wutar lantarki na burbushin halittu suna samar da mafi yawan wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi a duniya. An tsara wasu tashoshin wutar lantarki masu amfani da burbushin halittu don ci gaba da aiki a matsayin tsire-tsire masu amfani da wutar lantarki, yayin da wasu ake amfani da su azaman tsire-shire masu tsayi. Koyaya, farawa daga shekarun 2010, a ƙasashe da yawa ana amfani da tsire-tsire da aka tsara don samar da baseload azaman ƙarni mai aikawa don daidaita karuwar ƙarni ta hanyar makamashi mai sabuntawa.

Dole ne a yi la'akari da samfurori na aikin samar da Gas mai guba daga konewar burbushin burbushin ya ƙunshi carbon dioxide da tururin ruwa, da kuma gurɓataccen abu kamar nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), kuma, don tsire-tsire masu ƙonewa, mercury, alamun wasu karafa, da kuma tashi ash. Yawancin lokaci duk carbon dioxide da wasu gurɓataccen gurɓatawar ana fitar da su cikin iska. Dole ne a cire ash mai tsayi daga bututun kwal.

Ka'idoji na asali: zafi zuwa makamashi na inji

A cikin ƙasar wutar lantarki ta burbushin halittu, makamashi na sinadarai da aka adana a cikin burbushin burbushin kamar kwal, man fetur, iska gas ko man fetur da iskar oxygen na iska ana canza su zuwa makamashi mai zafi, makamashin inji kuma, a ƙarshe, makamashe na lantarki. Kowace tashar wutar lantarki ta burbushin halittu mai rikitarwa ne, tsarin da aka tsara ta al'ada. Za'a iya gina raka'a masu samarwa da yawa a shafin guda don ingantaccen amfani da ƙasa, albarkatun kasa da aiki. Yawancin Tashoshin wutar lantarki a duniya suna amfani da man fetur, wanda ya fi yawan nukiliya, geothermal, biomass, ko tsire-tsire masu amfani da hasken rana.

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Tururi

A cikin tashar wutar lantarki ta tururi, ana ƙone man fetur a cikin murhu kuma iskar gas mai zafi tana gudana ta hanyar bututun ruwa. Ana canza ruwa zuwa tururi a cikin bututun ruwa; ana iya haɗa ƙarin matakan dumama don ƙara yawan zafi. Ana aika tururi mai zafi ta hanyar sarrafa bawul zuwa turbine. Yayin da tururi ke fadadawa da sanyaya, ana canja makamashi zuwa turbine blade wanda ke juya janareta. Ruwan da aka yi amfani da shi yana da matsin lamba da makamashi; ana ciyar da wannan tururin ruwa ta hanyar mai kwantar da hankali, wanda ke cire zafi daga tururi. Ana zuba ruwan da aka kwantar a cikin bututun ruwa don maimaita sake zagayowar.