Teresa Claramunt

Teresa Claramunt
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Teresa Claramunt i Creus
Haihuwa	Sabadell (en) , 4 ga Yuni, 1862
ƙasa	Ispaniya
Mazauni	Sabadell (en)
Mutuwa	Barcelona, 11 ga Afirilu, 1931
Makwanci	Montjuïc Cemetery (en)
Karatu
Harsuna	Catalan (en) Yaren Sifen
Sana'a
Sana'a	anarcho-syndicalist (en) , ɗan siyasa, edita, anarchist (en) , laborer (en) , feminist (en) da author (en)
Wanda ya ja hankalinsa	Fernando Tarrida del Mármol (mul)
Mamba	Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (en)

Teresa Claramunt da Creus (1862–1931) 'yar asalin Catalan ce mai ra'ayin gurguzu da kuma gurguzu . Claramunt ta rayu a lokacin da ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta samu ci gaba da kuma karuwar ra'ayoyin 'yan gurguzu . Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara gabatar da shawarar kafa ƙungiyar mata masu ra'ayin gurguzu mai cin gashin kanta, abin gado da ƙungiyar Mujeres Libres ta ɗauka bayan 'yan shekaru bayan mutuwarta.

Tarihin Rayuwa

An haifi Teresa Claramunt i Creus a shekarar 1862 a cikin iyali mai aiki a Sabadell . Ma'aikaciyar masaku ce kuma ta kafa ƙungiyar masu tsattsauran ra'ayi a Sabadell. Fernando Tarrida del Mármol ne ya yi mata tasiri, wanda ta shiga yajin aikin makonni bakwai na 1883, inda aka nemi awanni 10 a rana. A watan Oktoba na 1884, ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Sashe daban-daban na Ma'aikatan Anarcho-Collectivist a Kwalejin Ma'aikata ta Sabadell. Ga Claramunt, tsari da ilimi sun kasance sharuɗɗan da ba makawa don 'yantar da ma'aikata.

Tare da freethinker Ángeles López de Ayala da ruhaniya Amalia Domingo Soler, a cikin 1892, Claramunt ya kafa ƙungiyar mata ta farko a Spain, Ƙungiyar Mata ta Barcelona ( Spanish ), wata ƙungiya da ta yi magana game da 'yan gurguzu da kuma 'yan Republican masu ra'ayin 'yanci . An fara samun wannan ƙungiya a Carrer de la Cadena da ke Barcelona, yanzu Rambla del Raval, daga baya kuma ta koma Carrer de Fernandina, mai shekaru 20, a cikin wannan unguwa. A cikin waɗannan shekarun, Teresa Claramunt ta zauna a Carrer de l'Aurora, mai shekaru 19, kusa da hedikwatar ƙungiyar.

A shekarar 1893, an gudanar da taron ɗaliban sassaucin ra'ayi a Calvo-Vico Theatre, wanda Claramunt ta tafi tare da mijinta Antonio Gurri, Josep Llunas da sauran masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. Amma Claramunt da kanta an hana ta shiga gidan wasan kwaikwayo, tunda an hana gwamnan shiga wurin. Claramunt ta ji cewa mata sun shiga kuma ta ji an nuna mata wariya sau biyu, wanda hakan ya sa ta yi zanga-zanga. A cewar La Tramontana, mutane 3,000 sun halarci taron kuma a ƙarshe an yi rikici tsakanin mahalarta taron da Jami'an Tsaron Farar Hula . Saboda wannan lamarin, an kama Teresa Claramunt da Antonio Gurri aka daure su a gidan yari a Montjuïc Castle; daga baya aka gurfanar da su a gaban kotun soja, tare da sauran fursunonin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi.

Bayan harin bam na Barcelona Corpus Christi a shekarar 1896, an kama Claramunt kuma an yi mata dukan tsiya, wanda hakan zai haifar da sakamako mai ɗorewa har tsawon rayuwarta. Duk da cewa ba a same ta da laifi ba, bayan shari'ar, an kai ta ƙasar Burtaniya har zuwa 1898. Bayan ta dawo, a shekarar 1901, ta kafa mujallar El Producer kuma ta shiga cikin harkokin zamantakewa na farkon ƙarni na 20. A shekarar 1902, ta shiga cikin tarurrukan haɗin gwiwa da masu kai hari na ƙarfe da kuma yajin aikin gama gari na watan Fabrairun 1902. Ta yi aiki tare a La Tramontana da La Revista Blanca kuma ta jagoranci jaridar El Rebelde tsakanin 1907 da 1908. [1] [2]