Themis

Themis
titan (en)
Bayanai
Bangare na	Uranids (en)
Jinsi	mace
Suna a harshen gida	Θέμις
Uba	Uranus (en)
Uwa	Gaia (en)
Abokin zama	Zeus (mul)
Worshipped by (en)	Greek mythology (en)
Domain of saint or deity (en)	Adalci da divine law (en)
From narrative universe (en)	Greek mythology (en)
Depicted by (en)	Statue of Themis (en)

In Greek mythology and religion, Themis (/ˈθiːmɪs/; Ancient Greek: Θέμις, romanized: Themis, lit. 'justice, law, custom') is the goddess and personification of justice, divine order, law, and custom. She is one of the twelve Titan children of Gaia and Uranus, and the second wife of Zeus. She is associated with oracles and prophecies, including the Oracle of Delphi.

Sunan

Themis na nufin "dokar allahntaka" maimakon dokar ɗan adam, a zahiri "abin da aka sanya a wuri", daga kalmar Helenanci títhēmi (τίθημι), ma'ana "don sanya. "

Ga Helenawa na dā ita ce asalin mai shirya "al'amuran jama'a na mutane, musamman tarurruka".Moses Finley ya yi tsokaci game da jigogi, kamar yadda Homer ya yi amfani da kalmar a karni na 8 KZ, don haifar da tsarin zamantakewa na karni na 10 da 9 na Girka Dark Ages: Finley ya kara da cewa, "Akwai jigogi - al'ada, al'ada، hanyoyin gargajiya, dabi'u, duk abin da za mu iya kiranta, babbar ikon 'an (ko ba) yi ba.'

A cikin Hymn to Apollo, ana kiran Themis "Ichnaea", ma'ana "Tracker".

Bayyanawa

Wasu kwatancin gargajiya na Themis sun bayyana wata mace mai kama da hankali tana riƙe da ma'auni. Themis allahiya ce ta duniya kamar mahaifiyarta, Gaia, kuma a wasu labaru yana da wahala a raba su biyu. Wasu hotuna na gargajiya na Themis sun nuna ta tana riƙe da takobi.

Lokacin da aka yi watsi da Themis, Nemesis ya kawo adalci da fushi; don haka Themis ya raba ƙaramin haikalin a Rhamnous tare da Nemesis. Themis ba ta da fushi; lokacin da Hera mai damuwa ta koma Olympus bayan ta yi jayayya da Zeus, Themis, "na kyawawan cheeks," ita ce ta farko da ta ba ta kofin.

Themis ta jagoranci dangantakar da ta dace tsakanin namiji da mace, tushen dangin da aka ba da umarni (an ga iyalin a matsayin ginshiƙi na deme). Sau da yawa ana kiran alƙalai "themistopóloi" (bayin Themis). Irin wannan kuma shine tushen tsari a kan Olympus. Har ma Hera ta kira ta "Lady Themis".

Hesiod

Themis ya faru ne a cikin Theogony na Hesiod a matsayin bayyanar farko da aka rubuta na Adalci a matsayin mutum na allahntaka. Da yake zana ba kawai a kan ilimin zamantakewa da addini na lokacinsa ba har ma da yawancin addinan addinai na baya, Hesiod ya bayyana ikon sararin samaniya a matsayin alloli na sararin samaniya. Hesiod ya nuna adalci na lokaci, Dick, a matsayin 'yar Zeus da Themis. Dike ta aiwatar da dokar hukunce-hukunce da yanke hukunci kuma, tare da mahaifiyarta Themis, ta aiwatar da yanke shawara na ƙarshe na Moirai.

Aeschylus

A cikin wasan Prometheus Bound, wanda aka danganta da Aeschylus, Prometheis ya ce ana kiran Themis sunaye da yawa, gami da Gaia .

Euripides

A cikin Medea na Euripides, an ce Themis 'yar Zeus ce kuma "mai kula da rantsuwar maza".

Iyali

A cikin Theogony na Hesiod, Themis tana ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan Titan goma sha biyu na Gaia (Duniya) da Uranus (Sky). Ita ce matar ta biyu ta dan uwanta Dick" data-linkid="925" href="./Zeus" id="mwmw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Zeus">Zeus, wanda ta kasance mahaifiyar Horae (Seasons), wanda aka jera a matsayin Eunomia (Dokar), Dike (Dali), Eirene (Salama), da Moirai (Fates), wanda aka lissafa a matsayin Clotho, Lachesis da Atropos . Hakazalika da labarin Hesiod, Orphic Hymn ga Themis ya kira ta 'yar Gaia da Uranus, kuma Orphic Lymn ga Seasons da Recognitiones ya kira ta mahaifiyar, ta Zeus, ta Horae.

Labaran Tarihi

Themis ta gina Oracle a Delphi kuma ita kanta ta kasance oracular. A cewar wani labari, Themis ta karbi Oracle a Delphi daga Gaia kuma daga baya ta ba Phoebe, wacce ta ba da shi ga jikanta Apollo a matsayin kyautar ranar haihuwar. A cewar Ephorus, Themis ta taimaka wa Apollo ya sami annabi, tare da niyyar taimakawa bil'adama. Wasu misalai na wahayin Themis; A cikin labarin Dryope a cikin Ovid's Metamorphoses, Themis ya gargadi alloli game da yakin basasa mai zuwa a Thebes . A wani labari ta gargadi Zeus da Poseidon kada su auri Thetis saboda ɗanta zai fi mahaifinsa iko. A cewar Ovid, Themis ne maimakon Zeus wanda ya gaya wa Deucalion ya jefa ƙasusuwan "Uwarsa" a kafaɗarsa don ƙirƙirar sabon tseren bil'adama bayan ambaliyar. Har ila yau a cewar Ovid, Themis ya yi annabci cewa ɗan Zeus zai sace apples na zinariya daga gonar Atlas.

A cikin Iliad na Homer an ba ta aiki da kiran alloli zuwa majalisa a kan Olympus ta Zeus.

Themis ta kasance a Delos don shaida haihuwar Apollo, kuma ta kula da shi da tsami da ambrosia. A cikin littafinsa De astronomia, Hyginus ya lissafa Themis, ban da nymph Amalthea, a matsayin uwargidan da kuma ma'aikacin saurayi Zeus. A cikin wani yanki na Pindar, Moirai ya kawo Themis daga maɓuɓɓugar Oceanus (a cikin wannan sigar ba 'ya'yanta mata ba) zuwa Olympus, inda ta zama matar farko ta Zeus (maimakon ta biyu), kuma ta wurinsa mahaifiyar Horae.

A cewar Cypria da Stasinus na Cyprus ya rasa, Themis da Zeus tare sun shirya farkon Trojan War. A cewar Quintus Smyrnaeus, lokacin da alloli suka kalubalanci umarnin Zeus kuma suka fara fada da juna bayan halittar Trojan Horse, Themis ta dakatar da su ta hanyar gargadi su game da fushin Zeus.

A cikin Orphic "Rhapsodic Theogony", ko Rhapsodies, (karni na farko BC / AD) Nyx (Night) ya yi annabci cewa Themis za ta kasance budurwa har sai Rhea ta haifi ɗa na Cronus.

Themis kuma ta taka rawa a cikin Eros, saurayi allahn soyayya, yana girma; a cewar Porphyry, mahaifiyarsa Aphrodite ta damu game da ɗanta, Eros, ya kasance yaro har abada kuma ya kawo shi ga Themis. Themis ya gaya mata ta ba Eros ɗan'uwa, saboda ba ya girma saboda kaɗaici. Aphrodite ya haifi wani allahn soyayya, Anteros (ma'ana "ƙauna"), kuma Eros ya girma a duk lokacin da yake kusa da shi. Amma duk lokacin da Anteros ya tafi, Eros ya koma baya, karamin tsari.

Lokacin da maza huɗu na tsibirin (Aegolius, Celeus, Cerberus da Laius) suka shiga cikin kogo mai tsarki a tsibirin tsibirin tsibiri inda Rhea ta haifi Zeus don su sace wasu zuma da ƙudan zuma masu tsarki suka samar a can, Themis da 'ya'yanta mata suka shawo kan Zeus game da kashe su a cikin kogo mai Tsarki, saboda sun yi la'akari da rashin adalci ga kowa ya mutu a cikin kogo, don haka a maimakon haka ya juya dukkan hudu cikin tsuntsaye daban-daban.

Addini

Themis tana da temples da yawa a Girka, kodayake marubutan zamanin d ̄ a ba su bayyana su da cikakken bayani ba. Tana da temples a masallacin Zeus a Dodona, a Tanagra, a Athens kusa da Acropolis, haikalin a Rhamnous kusa da ɗaya daga Nemesis, da Haikalin Themis Ikhnaia a Phthiotis, Thessalia . Pausanias ta bayyana masallacinta a Thebes a cikin cikakkun bayanai fiye da abin da ya saba faruwa kuma saboda haka yana iya zama mafi mahimmanci:

A gefen hanya daga ƙofar Neistan [a Thebes, Boiotia] akwai wurare masu tsarki guda uku. Akwai wani wuri mai tsarki na Themis, tare da hoton farin marmara; kusa da shi wuri ne mai tsarki na Moirai (Moirae, Fates) [ya'yanta mata], yayin da na uku shine na Zeus Agoraios (na Kasuwanci.)

Themis kuma tana da bagade a Olympia: "A kan abin da ake kira Stomion (Manuwa) an gina bagaden ga Themis. "Wani lokaci ana nuna Themis a cikin wuraren ibada na wasu alloli kuma yana iya raba haikalin tare da su a wasu lokuta, kuma an ambaci cewa ta raba haikwatar tare da Aphrodite a Epidauros: "A cikin daji [na wurin ibada na Asklepios (Asclepius) a Epidaurus] akwai haikalin Artemis, hoton Epione, wurin ibada na Aphrodites da Themis, tseren tseren"

Haikali na Themis a Athens yana yammacin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Dionysus . Haikali na Themis a Dodona shine tetrastyle Pronoos a cikin antis tare da cella, ƙofar a arewacin kuma a waje babban bagade ne. Ginshiƙan haikalin a Dodona sune Ionic da aka yi da dutse na gida.

A cikin 2022, an sake sunan gini da ke karbar bakuncin Babban Kotun Kotun Shari'a ta Babban Kotun Tarayyar Turai The Themis Building .

Themis's family tree

{{{URA}}} {{{GAI}}} {{{PON}}} {{{OCE}}} {{{TET}}} {{{HYP}}} {{{THE}}} {{{CRI}}} {{{EUR}}} {{{RIV}}} {{{OCE}}} {{{HEL}}} {{{SEL}}} {{{EOS}}} {{{AST}}} {{{PAL}}} {{{PER}}} {{{CRO}}} {{{RHE}}} {{{COE}}} {{{PHO}}} {{{HES}}} {{{HER}}} {{{HAD}}} {{{ZEU}}} {{{LET}}} {{{AST}}} {{{DEM}}} {{{POS}}} {{{IAP}}} {{{CLY}}} {{{MNE}}} {{{ZEU}}} {{{THE}}} {{{ATL}}} {{{MEN}}} {{{PRO}}} {{{EPI}}} {{{MUS}}} {{{EUN}}} {{{DIK}}} {{{EIR}}} {{{CLO}}} {{{LAC}}} {{{ATR}}} {{{HOR}}} {{{MOI}}}

• Adikia - allahiyar rashin adalci
• Adrestia - Yarinya ta GirkaShafuka da ke nuna taƙaitaccen bayanin manufofi
• Dharma - Mahimmanci a cikin falsafar Indiya da addinan Gabas, tare da ma'anoni da yawa
• Lady Justice - Bayyana adalci
• Libra - Alamar taurari ta bakwai ta zodiac
• Ma'at - Allahn Masar da ra'ayoyin gaskiya, tsari da adalciShafuka da ke nuna taƙaitaccen bayanin manufofi
• Me - Sunan Sumerian da aka ba dokokin alloli
• Raguel - Mala'ikan adalci a wasu al'adun Kirista