Tibor Sekelj

Tibor Sekelj
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Spišská Sobota (en) da Poprad (mul) , 14 ga Faburairu, 1912
ƙasa	Cisleithania (mul) Kraljevina Jugoslavija (mul) Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (en) Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija (mul)
Mazauni	Subotica (en)
Harshen uwa	Hungarian (en)
Mutuwa	Subotica (en) , 20 Satumba 1988
Ƴan uwa
Abokiyar zama	Maria Reznik (en) Erzsébet Sekelj (en)
Karatu
Makaranta	University of Zagreb (en)
Harsuna	Esperanto Hungarian (en) Serbian (en) Serbo-Croatian (en) Jamusanci Turanci Faransanci Yaren Sifen Italiyanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	mabudi, ethnologist (en) , marubuci, ɗan jarida, Esperantist (en) , maiwaƙe, esperantologist (en) da masana
Kyaututtuka	gani Fine Arts Competitions of UEA
Mamba	Academy of Esperanto (en) Association of Esperantophone Writers (en)

Tibor Sekelj (14 ga Fabrairu 1912 - 23 ga Satumba 1988 ), wanda aka fi sani da Székely Tibor bisa ga rubutun Hungary, ɗan Hungary ne wanda aka haife shi, mai bincike, marubuci, kuma 'ɗan ƙasa na duniya.' A shekara ta 1986 an zabe shi memba na Kwalejin Esperanto kuma memba ne mai daraja na Ƙungiyar Esperanto ta Duniya. Daga cikin litattafansa, littattafan tafiye-tafiye da litattafai, littafinsa Kumeŭaŭa, la filo de la ĝangalo ("Kumewawa, ɗan daji"), littafin yara game da rayuwar Indiyawan Brazil, an fassara shi cikin harsuna goma sha bakwai, kuma a cikin 1987 an zabe shi mafi kyawun littafin yara a Japan. A cikin 2011 Tarayyar Esperanto ta Turai ta ayyana 2012 "Shekarar Tibor Sekelj" don girmama bikin cika shekaru 100 da haihuwarsa.

Mahaifin Sekelj ya yi aiki a matsayin likitan dabbobi a cikin Sojojin Austro-Hungary kuma a sakamakon haka iyalin sun koma kusa da su sosai. Watanni da yawa bayan haihuwar Tibor iyalin suka koma Cenei (yanzu a Romania), inda Tibor ya zauna har sai ya kai shekaru goma. Duk da yake yaren Hungary shine "harshensa na uwa", yaren da aka fi magana da shi shine Jamusanci. Sekelj yana da aƙalla 'yan'uwa mata biyu da ɗan'uwa, Antonije, wanda daga baya ya haɗa kai da shi a kan littattafai da yawa. A shekara ta 1922, iyalin suka zauna a Kikinda, wani ɓangare na Masarautar Yugoslavia (yanzu a Serbia), inda Tibor ya koyi Serbo-Croatian. Ya kuma yi karatun Faransanci kuma nan da nan yana koyar da shi ga abokan karatunsa. Sekelj ya ci gaba da koyon sabon harshe kowane shekaru hudu. A shekara ta 1926 iyalinsa suka koma Nikšić (yanzu a Montenegro), inda ya fara motsa jiki, hawan dutse kuma inda ya yi tafiya a duk tsawon Montenegro.

Ayyuka

Mai tafiya a duniya

Farawa a 1939, Sekelj ya kasance mai ba da gudummawa ga duniya, kuma yayin da yake komawa Serbia a tsakanin tafiye-tafiyensa da yawa, bukatarsa na bincika sabon sararin samaniya ya haɗu da sha'awar sha'awa game da mutane. Tafiye-tafiyensa da tafiye-tafiya sun samar da littattafan da aka fassara cikin harsuna sama da ashirin.

Kudancin Amurka 1939-1954

A shekarar 1939 ya bar Zagreb zuwa Argentina don rubuta wani labari game da 'yan gudun hijirar Croatia zuwa jaridar Zagreb ta Hrvatski Dnevnik . Sekelj yana cikin jirgin Teresa kan abin da wataƙila shine tafiyar ƙarshe ta jirgin saboda farkon Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu. A shekarar 1939, sauran jiragen ruwan da suka saba tafiya zuwa Kudancin Amurka daga Rijeka-Fiume suna amfani da Italiya saboda yaƙin Afirka. Ya tashi daga Rijeka (a lokacin Fiume a Italiya), ya nufi Buenos Aires, tare da tsayawa a Naples, Genoa (Italiya) Santos (Brazil), da Montevideo (Uruguay). Tibor ya isa Buenos Aires a ranar 19 ga Agusta 1939. A matsayinsa na mai son zaman lafiya, Sekelj ya yi tsammanin barkewar yaƙi don haka ya zaɓi ya yi nisa da yaƙin. Wannan shawara mai wahala ba ta kasance saboda rashin ƙarfin gwiwa na kansa ba - an san Sekelj da nuna jarumtaka kusan wauta a duk rayuwarsa - amma saboda wannan Bayahude ɗan ƙasar Hungary/ɗan duniya kawai bai yarda ya bi duk wata akida da ta shafi manufofin soja ba.