Tifinagh
| Tifinagh | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | |
| Languages | Harsunan Azinawa |
Parent systems |
|
| Direction | Samfuri:ISO 15924 direction |
| ISO 15924 |
Tfng, 120 |
Unicode alias | Samfuri:ISO 15924 alias |
(Tuareg Berber language; Neo-Tifinagh; Berber Latin alphabet: Tifinaɣ; Berber pronunciation: [tifinaɣ]) rubutun ne da aka yi amfani da shi don rubuta yarukan Berber. Tifinagh ta fito ne daga tsohuwar haruffa ta Libyco-Berber . Tifinagh na gargajiya, wani lokacin ana kiransa Tuareg Tifinagh, har yanzu Mutanen Tuareg na hamadar Sahara a kudancin Aljeriya, arewa maso gabashin Mali, arewacin Nijar, da arewacin Burkina Faso suna son rubuce-rubucen yarukan Tuareg.[1] Neo-Tifinagh haruffa ce da Cibiyar Berber ta haɓaka ta hanyar karɓar Tuareg Tifinagh don amfani da Kabyle; tun daga lokacin an gyara shi don amfani a duk faɗin Arewacin Afirka. berberber
Tifinagh na ɗaya daga cikin manyan Rubutun Berber guda uku tare da haruffa na Berber Latin da haruffan Larabci.[2] Tifinagh shine rubutun hukuma na Tamazight, harshen hukuma na Maroko da Aljeriya. Baya ga amfani da al'adun alama, Latin ya kasance babban rubutun don rubuta harsunan Berber a duk faɗin Arewacin Afirka.[3]
Tsohon rubutun Libyco-Berber [4] ya yi amfani da shi ta tsoffin Berbers na arewa da aka sani da Libyco - Berbers, wanda aka fi sani da Numidians, Afri, da Mauretanians, waɗanda ke zaune a arewacin Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, da Canary Islands.
Magana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmar tifinagh (singular tafinəq < *ta-finəɣ-t) wasu malamai suna tunanin zama mace mai yawa ta Berberized ko daidaitawa da kalmar Latin Punicus 'Punic, Phoenician' ta hanyar prefix mata na Berber ti- da kuma tushen √ / *√ < Latin Punicus; don haka tifinagh na iya nufin 'Fenisiya (haruffa) ko 'haruffa Punic'. Sauran suna goyon bayan asalin da ya shafi kalmar Tuareg efnegh 'rubuta'. [5]
Libyanci da Berber
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kafin ko a lokacin wanzuwar tsoffin masarautun Berber na Numidia (arewacin Aljeriya) da Mauretania (arewacin Morocco), tsakanin 202 KZ-25 KZ, an zana rubuce-rubuce da yawa ta amfani da Rubutun Libyco-Berber, wanda aka fi sani da Tsohon Libyan (Faransanci: ). Ana samun rubutun Libyco-Berber a cikin dubban rubutun dutse da zane-zane a duk faɗin Morocco, arewacin Algeria, Tunisia, arewacin Libya da tsibirin Canary.
Cikakken juyin halitta na Libyco-Berber da Tifinagh har yanzu ba a bayyane yake ba. An yi amfani da tsarin rubuce-rubuce na ƙarshe a zamanin d ̄ a ta hanyar masu magana da Harshen Numidian da ba a bayyana ba, wanda ake kira Tsohon Libya, a duk faɗin Afirka da Tsibirin Canary. Asalin rubutun ba shi da tabbas, tare da wasu malamai suna ba da shawarar yana da alaƙa, ya fito ko ya ci gaba daga haruffa na Phoenician yayin da wasu ke jayayya da ra'ayi mai zaman kansa tare da ƙananan tasirin Phoenician. Har ila yau, bayyanarsa ta farko ba ta da tabbas, amma ba ta da tsufa fiye da karni na farko KZ, tare da tsofaffin ragowar da za su iya samo asali ne daga karni na 6 KZ. Ya ɓace a yankunan arewacin Arewacin Afirka a cikin karni na 8, bayan Nasarar Larabawa a Maghreb, Libyco-Berber tare da Latin da aka maye gurbin rubutun Larabci.
Rubutun Libyco-Berber abjad ne mai tsabta; ba shi da wasula. Ba a yi alama da Jima'i ba. Rubutun yawanci daga kasa zuwa saman, kodayake daga dama zuwa hagu, har ma da wasu umarni, an kuma sami su. Harafin sun ɗauki siffofi daban-daban lokacin da aka rubuta su tsaye fiye da lokacin da aka buga su a kwance.[6]
Wannan rubutun libyque yana da nau'o'i biyu. An yi amfani da nau'in Yammacin da ba a bayyana ba a bakin tekun Bahar Rum daga Kabylia zuwa Maroko kuma mai yiwuwa tsibirin Canary. An yi amfani da nau'in Gabas a Constantine, Aurès, da Tunisia. 22 daga cikin haruffa 24 a cikin nau'in Gabas an fassara su ne saboda godiya ga rubutun harsuna biyu na Punic-Libyc.[7]
manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Camps, G.; Claudot-Hawad, H.; Chaker, S.; Abrous, D. (1996-08-01). "Écriture". Encyclopédie berbère (in Faransanci) (17): 2564–2585. doi:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2125. ISSN 1015-7344.
- ↑ Soulaimani, Dris (2016-01-02). "Writing and rewriting Amazigh/Berber identity: Orthographies and language ideologies". Writing Systems Research. 8 (1): 2–5. doi:10.1080/17586801.2015.1023176. ISSN 1758-6801. S2CID 144700140.
- ↑ Larbi, Hsen (2003). "Which Script for Tamazight, Whose Choice is it ?". Amazigh Voice (Taghect Tamazight). New Jersey: Amazigh Cultural Association in America (ACAA). 12 (2). Archived from the original on September 7, 2017. Retrieved December 17, 2009.
- ↑ LBI LIBYCO-BERBER INSCRIPTIONS ONLINE DATABASE
- ↑ Camps, G.; Claudot-Hawad, H.; Chaker, S.; Abrous, D. (1996-08-01). "Écriture". Encyclopédie berbère (in Faransanci) (17): 2564–2585. doi:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2125. ISSN 1015-7344.
- ↑ "Berber". Ancient Scripts. Archived from the original on 2017-08-26. Retrieved 2017-10-09.
- ↑ Andries, PA. "Proposition d'ajout de l'écriture tifinaghe. Organisation internationale de normalisation" (PDF)., Jeu universel des caractères codés sur octets (JUC). ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 2 WG, vol.2, p.2739R, 2004.