Tony Bennett

Anthony Dominick Benedetto (Agusta 3, 1926 - Yuli 21, 2023), wanda aka fi sani da Tony Bennett, ɗan ƙasar Amurka ne kuma mawaƙin gargajiya. Ya sami kyaututtuka da yawa, ciki har da Grammy Awards 20, Lifetime Achievement Award, da kuma Primetime Emmy Awards guda biyu. An kira Bennett a matsayin National Endowments for the Arts jazz Master da kuma Kennedy Center Honoree . Ya kafa Makarantar Fasaha ta Frank Sinatra a Astoria, Queens, New York, tare da Binciken Fasaha, shirin ilimin zane-zane mai zaman kansa. Ya sayar da fiye da miliyan 50 a duk duniya kuma ya sami tauraro a kan Hollywood Walk of Fame .

Bennett ya fara raira waƙa tun yana ƙarami. Ya yi yaƙi a matakai na ƙarshe na Yaƙin Duniya na II a matsayin sojan Amurka a cikin Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Turai. Bayan haka, ya haɓaka fasahar waka, ya sanya hannu tare da Columbia Records kuma ya sami waƙarsa ta farko mai suna "Saboda Kai" a cikin 1951. Yawancin sanannun waƙoƙi kamar "Rags to Riches" sun biyo baya a farkon 1953. Daga nan sai ya inganta tsarinsa don ya ƙunshi Waƙoƙin jazz. Ya kai matsayi na fasaha a ƙarshen shekarun 1950 tare da kundin kamar The Beat of My Heart da Strike Up the Band . A shekara ta 1962, Bennett ya rubuta waƙarsa ta sa hannu, "Na bar Zuciyata a San Francisco". Ayyukansa da rayuwarsa sun sami raguwa mai tsawo a lokacin tsawo na zamanin kiɗa na dutse. Bennett ya dawo a ƙarshen 1980s da 1990s, ya sake fitar da kundin rikodin zinariya kuma ya fadada isa ga MTV Generation yayin da yake riƙe da salon kiɗa.

Bennett ya ci gaba da kirkirar shahararren aiki da aka yaba da shi a cikin karni na 21. Ya jawo hankalin sabuntawa a ƙarshen aikinsa don haɗin gwiwa tare da Lady Gaga, wanda ya fara da kundin Cheek to Cheek (2014); 'yan wasan biyu sun zagaya tare don inganta kundin a cikin 2014 da 2015. Tare da sakin kundi na biyu na duo, Love for Sale (2021), Bennett ya karya rikodin mutum don mafi tsawo na saman 10 albums a kan jadawalin <i id="mwQQ">Billboard</i> 200 ga kowane mai zane mai rai; rikodin sa na farko na saman 10 shine Na bar Zuciyata a San Francisco a 1962. Bennett ya kuma karya Guinness World Record ga mutum mafi tsufa don fitar da kundin sabon abu, yana da shekaru 95 da kwanaki 60.

A watan Fabrairun 2021, Bennett ya bayyana cewa an gano shi da Cutar Alzheimer a shekarar 2016. Saboda jinkirin ci gaban rashin lafiyarsa, ya ci gaba da yin rikodin, yawon shakatawa, da kuma yin har sai da ya yi ritaya daga kide-kide saboda kalubalen jiki, wanda aka sanar bayan wasan kwaikwayonsa na karshe a ranar 3 da 5 ga Agusta, 2021, a Radio City Music Hall.

Rayuwa ta farko

1926-1943: Iyali da ilimi

An haifi Anthony Dominick Benedetto a ranar 3 ga watan Agusta, 1926, a asibitin St. John a Long Island City, Queens, a Birnin New York. Iyayensa sune mai sayar da kayan masarufi John Benedetto da mai sutura Anna (née Suraci), kuma shi ne na farko daga cikin iyalinsa da aka haifa a asibiti. A cikin 1906, John ya yi hijira daga Podargoni, wani yanki na karkara na gabashin birnin Calabria" id="mwZQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Reggio Calabria">Reggio Calabria na kudancin Italiya; ya kasance memba na al'ummar Girkawa na yankin (Mutanen Griko). An haifi Anna a Amurka jim kadan bayan iyayenta sun yi hijira daga yankin Calabria a shekara ta 1899. Sauran dangi sun kasance wani ɓangare na ƙaura mai yawa na Italiyanci zuwa Amurka. Tony ya girma tare da 'yar'uwa, Maryamu, da kuma babban ɗan'uwa, John Jr. Tare da mahaifin da ke rashin lafiya kuma ba zai iya aiki ba, yaran sun girma cikin talauci. John Sr. ya koya wa ɗansa ƙaunar fasaha da adabi, da kuma tausayi ga wahalar ɗan adam, amma ya mutu lokacin da Tony yake ɗan shekara goma.

Bennett Mai girma yana sauraron Al Jolson, Eddie Cantor, Judy Garland, da Bing Crosby da kuma masu fasahar jazz kamar Louis Armstrong, Jack Teagarden, da Joe Venuti. Kakansa Dick ya kasance Mai rawa a cikin vaudeville, yana ba shi taga na farko zuwa kasuwancin nunawa, kuma kawunsa Frank shine kwamishinan ɗakin karatu na Queens. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 10 ya riga ya yi waka, kuma ya yi a buɗewar Triborough Bridge, yana tsaye kusa da Mayor Fiorello La Guardia wanda ya buge shi a kai. Zane wani sha'awarsa ce ta farko; ya zama sananne a matsayin mai zane-zane na aji a P.S. 141 kuma yana tsammanin aiki a cikin Fasahar kasuwanci. Ya fara raira waƙa don kuɗi yana da shekaru 13, yana yin waka a matsayin mai ba da abinci a gidajen cin abinci da yawa na Italiya a kusa da asalinsa Queens.

Ayyuka

Miller ya gargadi shi kada ya yi koyi da Frank Sinatra (wanda ke barin Columbia), Bennett ya fara aikinsa a matsayin Mai ba da labari na Waƙoƙin pop na kasuwanci. Babban abin da ya fara bugawa shi ne "Saboda Kai", wani ballad da Miller ya samar tare da tsari mai kyau daga Percy Faith. Ya fara samun shahara a kan jukeboxes, sannan ya kai lamba daya a kan sigogi a cikin 1951 kuma ya zauna a can na makonni goma, yana sayar da fiye da miliyan daya. Wannan ya biyo baya zuwa saman sigogi daga baya a wannan shekarar ta hanyar irin wannan fassarar Hank Williams ta "Cold, Cold Heart", wanda ya taimaka wajen gabatar da Williams da kiɗa na ƙasa gabaɗaya ga masu sauraro na ƙasa. Miller da Faith sun ci gaba da aiki a kan dukkan abubuwan da Bennett ya fara. Rubuce-rubucen Bennett na "Blue Velvet" ya shahara sosai kuma ya ja hankalin magoya bayan matasa masu kururuwa a kide-kide a sanannen Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Paramount a New York (Bennett ya yi wasanni bakwai a rana, farawa da karfe 10:30 na safe) da sauran wurare. 

Lamba ta uku-ɗaya ta zo a 1953 tare da "Rags to Riches". Ba kamar sauran abubuwan da Bennett ya yi a farkon ba, wannan babban lambar band ne mai saurin gaske tare da ƙarfe zuciya, sauti mai ƙarfi da kuma sau biyu a cikin hutu na kayan aiki; ya hau kan sigogi na makonni takwas. Daga baya a wannan shekarar, masu samar da wasan kwaikwayo na Broadway mai zuwa Kismet suna da rikodin Bennett "Baƙo a Aljanna" a matsayin hanyar inganta wasan kwaikwayon a lokacin yajin aikin jarida na New York. Waƙar ta kai saman, wasan kwaikwayon ya kasance abin bugawa, kuma Bennett ya fara dogon aiki na yin rikodin waƙoƙin wasan kwaikwayon. "Baƙo a Aljanna" ya kasance lambar-ɗaya a Ƙasar Ingila shekara daya da rabi daga baya.