Jump to content

Tsakanin tsararraki

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Tsakanin tsararraki
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na interpersonal relationship (en) Fassara da family relation (en) Fassara
Fuskar generation (en) Fassara

Intergenerationality shine hulɗa tsakanin mambobi na tsararraki daban-daban. Masana ilimin zamantakewa suna nazarin batutuwan da suka shafi tsararraki, gami da daidaito, rikici, da motsi.

Masu binciken kiwon lafiya na jama'a da masu ilimin guba na iya nazarin tasirin tsararraki na masu guba [1] na tasirin rediyo daga tsara zuwa tsara.

Ka'idojin da za a iya amfani da su

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  • Daidaitawar tsararraki shine ra'ayi ko ra'ayi na adalci ko adalci a cikin dangantaka tsakanin yara, matasa, manya, da / ko tsararraki masu zuwa, musamman dangane da magani da hulɗa.
  • Rikicin tsakanin tsararraki ko dai yanayin rikici ne tsakanin matasa da manya ko kuma rikici mai ban mamaki tsakanin tsararrakni biyu, wanda sau da yawa ya haɗa da duk nuna bambanci ga wani ƙarni:
  • Tsarin tashin hankali na tsararraki shine tsarin tashin hankali ko cin zarafi wanda aka ba da shi daga ƙarni ɗaya zuwa na gaba. Gabaɗaya, mutumin da ke shaidar tashin hankali na gida tun yana yaro yana iya zama mai cin zarafi ko wanda aka azabtar da cin zarafin gida a lokacin da ya girma.
  • Motsawa tsakanin tsararraki shine ma'auni na canje-canje a cikin matsayi na zamantakewa wanda ke faruwa daga iyaye zuwa ƙarni na yara.
  • Yarjejeniya tsakanin tsararraki shine dogaro tsakanin tsararraka daban-daban bisa la'akari da cewa tsararraki masu zuwa, don girmama kwangilar, za su samar da sabis ga ƙarni wanda a baya ya ba da sabis ɗin ga tsofaffi.
  • Gwagwarmayar tsakanin tsararraki shine rikice-rikicen tattalin arziki tsakanin tsararrakin ma'aikata saboda tsarin fansho na jama'a inda ƙarni na farko ke da fa'idar fansho mafi kyau kuma na ƙarshe dole ne ya biya ƙarin haraji, yana da mafi girman haraji da ƙananan fa'idar fansa saboda bashin jama'a da jihohi ke yi don biyan kuɗin jama'a na yanzu.
  • Manufofin tsararraki manufofi ne na jama'a waɗanda suka haɗa da tsarin tsararraki don magance batun ko kuma suna da tasiri a cikin tsararraki.
  • Shafukan da aka raba tsakanin tsararraki sune shirye-shiryen da yara, matasa da tsofaffi ke shiga cikin ayyukan da ke gudana da / ko shirye-shirye a lokaci guda a wannan shafin, kuma inda mahalarta ke hulɗa yayin shirye-shiryar ayyukan tsarawa na yau da kullun, da kuma ta hanyar haɗuwa ta al'ada.
  • Ma'aikatar tsakanin tsararraki misali ne na hidimar Kirista wanda ke jaddada alaƙar da ke tsakanin kungiyoyin shekaru kuma yana ƙarfafa ayyukan da suka haɗu.
  • Koyon tsakanin tsararraki shine musayar juna da haɗin gwiwa na ilimi, ƙwarewa, da gogewa tsakanin ƙungiyoyin shekaru daban-daban. Yana faruwa a cikin tsari, na al'ada, ko kuma wadanda ba na al'umma ba. A wurin aiki, yana inganta ci gaban mutum da jin daɗi, yana inganta aikin ma'aikata, kuma yana tallafawa sabuntawar tsara.
  • Dangantaka tsakanin tsararraki hulɗa ne tsakanin mutane na shekaru daban-daban waɗanda ke tasiri ga kerawa, musayar ilimi, warware matsaloli, da jin daɗin jama'a. Haɗakarwa da hulɗa akai-akai suna haɓaka amincewa, rage ra'ayoyin ƙarni, da haɓaka haɗin gwiwa, yayin da iyakantaccen hulɗa na iya hana ci gaban lafiya, goyon baya, da haɓaka juna a cikin tsararraki.

Rikicin tsakanin tsararraki ko dai yanayin rikici ne tsakanin matasa da manya ko kuma rikici mai ban mamaki tsakanin tsararrakni biyu, wanda sau da yawa ya haɗa da duk wani nuna bambanci [dubious - tattauna] game da wani ƙarni. Wannan kalma ce da ke kwatanta ƙarni ɗaya wanda, akasin nufin wani, ba zai taimaka wa ɗayan ƙarni ba kuma ya sa ya zama da wahala ga ɗayan ƙarni suyi aiki. 

Har ila yau, rikice-rikicen tsararraki yana bayyana bambancin al'adu, zamantakewa, ko tattalin arziki tsakanin tsararraki, wanda zai iya haifar da sauye-sauye a dabi'u ko rikice-rikice na sha'awa tsakanin ƙarami da tsofaffi. Misali shine canje-canje ga kwangilar tsara-tsara wanda zai iya zama dole don nuna canji a cikin yawan jama'a. An haɗa shi da kalmar "rashin tsara".

Dangane da ka'idar asalin zamantakewa, mutane suna neman rarraba kansu da wasu bisa ga kamanceceniya da bambance-bambance. Sabili da haka, mutane na iya neman rarraba kansu a matsayin na wani ƙarni saboda suna fahimtar hadin kai tare da halaye da ke da alaƙa da sauran membobin rukuni, kuma suna rarraba wasu zuwa "ƙungiyoyi" daban-daban bisa ga halaye daban-daban. Yayinda mutane ke kirkirar ƙungiyoyi a ciki da waje daga asalin ƙarni, hulɗar tsakanin mambobi na iya tasiri kuma rikici na iya faruwa.[2] Wannan nuna bambanci tsakanin tsararraki yana faruwa ne saboda bukatar ɗan adam na kasancewa cikin ƙungiyar zamantakewa don samar da ma'anar zamantakewar jama'a, girman kai, da girmama kai, amma kuma yana iya haifar da ra'ayoyi game da waɗanda ke cikin ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa daban-daban, waɗanda zasu iya zama tsararraki.[3]

Yarjejeniya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Warming na duniya - ci gaba daga yanayin zafi na tarihi mai sanyi (blue) zuwa yanayin zafi na baya-bayan nan (ja) - ana fuskantar shi da yawa ta hanyar matasa.[4]
An yi hasashen tsararraki masu zuwa za su fuskanci abubuwan da ba a taɓa gani ba (ULE) kamar raƙuman zafi.[5] Kimanin yara miliyan 111 da aka haifa a cikin 2020 za su rayu tare da bayyanar zafi da ba a taɓa gani ba a cikin duniya da ke da dumi da 3.5 ° C, idan aka kwatanta da miliyan 62 tare da 1.5 ° C kawai na dumama.[5]

Yarjejeniya tsakanin tsararraki shine dogaro tsakanin tsararraka daban-daban bisa la'akari da cewa tsararraki masu zuwa, don girmama kwangila, za su samar da sabis ga ƙarni wanda a baya ya yi wannan sabis ɗin ga tsofaffi. A karkashin manufar kwangilar ko yarjejeniya tsakanin tsararraki, ka'idojin da aka rubuta da / ko waɗanda ba a rubuta su ba na sake rarraba matsayi na zamantakewa, wanda ya haɗa da dukiya, iko, da daraja, na iya kasancewa tsakanin tsararraka. Ka'idar ita ce cewa tsararraki daban-daban suna ba da tallafi ga juna a matakai daban-daban na rayuwarsu.[6] Wannan kwangilar tana aiki ne a cikin nauyinmu a cikin iyalanmu da kuma cikin al'umma gaba ɗaya, da kuma rawar da gwamnati ke takawa. Yarjejeniyar tsakanin tsararraki gabaɗaya tana aiki saboda kowa yana shiga kuma kowa yana fita. Manufar kwangilar ita ce ta tallafa wa tsofaffi saboda haka yayin da muke tsufa, za mu yi imani kuma mu sa ran za a bi da mu iri ɗaya.[6]

Amfani da aka fi amfani da kalmar yana cikin tanadin inshora na fansho kuma yana nufin yarjejeniya don samar da fansho ga tsararraki masu ritaya ta hanyar biyan kuɗi da tsararraki suka yi.

Tsarin tashin hankali

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Tsarin tashin hankali tsakanin tsararraki yana faruwa ne lokacin da tashin hankali ya wuce daga uba ko uwa zuwa ɗa ko 'yar, iyaye zuwa yaro, ko ɗan'uwa zuwa ɗan'uwa. Sau da yawa yana nufin halayyar tashin hankali da aka koya tun yana yaro sannan aka sake maimaita shi a matsayin babba, saboda haka ci gaba a cikin sake zagayowar da aka fahimta. Misali na wannan zai kasance lokacin da yaro ya ga cin zarafin gida, suna iya ci gaba da maimaita wannan halin a cikin dangantaka ta gaba.

  1. Rothenberg, Sarah E. (July 2023). "Invited Perspective: Linking the Intergenerational Impacts due to Mercury Exposure in Grassy Narrows First Nation, Canada". Environmental Health Perspectives (in Turanci). 131 (7). Bibcode:2023EnvHP.131g1301R. doi:10.1289/EHP12721. ISSN 0091-6765. PMC 10355146 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 37466318 Check |pmid= value (help).
  2. Urick, Michael J.; Hollensbe, Elaine C.; Masterson, Suzanne S.; Lyons, Sean T. (2017-04-01). "Understanding and Managing Intergenerational Conflict: An Examination of Influences and Strategies". Work, Aging and Retirement (in Turanci). 3 (2): 166–185. doi:10.1093/workar/waw009. ISSN 2054-4642.
  3. "Social Identity Theory | Simply Psychology". www.simplypsychology.org. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
  4. "Warming Across Generations". Climate Central. 22 March 2023. Archived from the original on 13 June 2024.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Grant, Luke; Vanderkelen, Inne; Gudmundsson, Lukas; Fischer, Erich; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Thiery, Wim (7 May 2025). "Global emergence of unprecedented lifetime exposure to climate extremes". Nature. 641 (8062): 374–379. Bibcode:2025Natur.641..374G. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-08907-1. PMC 12058528. PMID 40335711.
  6. 6.0 6.1 "A New Generational Contract: The final report of the Intergenerational Commission • Resolution Foundation" (in Turanci). 8 May 2018. Retrieved 2020-11-06.

Samfuri:GenerationAna iya fahimtar daidaito tsakanin tsararraki a matsayin daidaito dangane da daidaito a ƙarƙashin doka, kamar tsaro, daidaito na siyasa, haƙƙin jefa kuri'a, 'yancin magana da taro, haƙƙin mallaka, daidaito ta tattalin arziki, samun ilimi, kiwon lafiya, da tsaron jama'a. "Wannan daidaito na iya zama a kwance - daidaitattun dama ga ƙarni ɗaya a cikin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban - misali, matasa a ƙasashe daban-daban. Wannan daidaito kuma tsaye ne - bi da daban-daban na tsararraki daban-daban don rama bambance-bambance a, misali, ilimi da wurin asali. "

Daidaitawar tsararraki, a cikin zamantakewar zamantakewa da tunanin mutum, shine ra'ayi ko ra'ayin adalci ko adalci a cikin dangantaka tsakanin yara, Matasa, manya da tsofaffi, musamman dangane da magani da hulɗa. An yi nazarin shi a cikin yanayin muhalli da zamantakewa. A cikin mahallin Gudanar da saka hannun jari na ma'aikata, daidaito tsakanin tsararraki shine ka'idar cewa yawan kashe kudi na ma'aikatar da aka ba da kyauta dole ne ya wuce yawan dawowar farashi na gaba, don haka ana kashe ribar saka hannun jari daidai a kan masu jefa kuri'a na yanzu da na gaba na kadarorin da aka ba su kyauta. Wannan ra'ayi an fara shi ne a shekara ta 1974 ta hanyar masanin tattalin arziki James Tobin, wanda ya rubuta cewa, "Masu kula da cibiyoyin da aka ba da kyauta sune masu kula da makomar gaba game da ikirarin yanzu. Aikin su na gudanar da kyautar shine adana daidaito tsakanin tsararraki. "

Tattaunawa game da daidaito tsakanin tsararraki suna faruwa a fannoni da yawa. Sun hada da tattalin arzikin canji, Manufofin zamantakewa, da kuma yin kasafin kudin gwamnati. Hakanan ana bincika daidaito tsakanin tsararraki a cikin damuwa game da muhalli, gami da Ci gaba mai ɗorewa, dumamar duniya da Canjin yanayi.

Tattaunawa game da daidaito tsakanin tsararraki sun dace da wuraren Adalci na zamantakewa, inda batutuwan kamar kiwon lafiya daidai suke da muhimmancin haƙƙin matasa da muryar matasa suna da matsin lamba da gaggawa. Akwai sha'awa mai karfi a cikin al'ummar shari'a game da aikace-aikacen daidaito tsakanin tsararraki a cikin doka.

Manufofin Tsakanin Tsakanin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Manufar tsararru manufa ce ta jama'a wacce ta haɗa da tsarin tsararru don magance batun ko kuma tana da tasiri a cikin tsararraki. Kusan manufofi daga hangen nesa tsakanin tsararraki ya dogara ne akan fahimtar dogaro da juna da kuma musayar da ke nuna dangantakar tsakanin tsararraka. Wadannan bukatun asali sun hada da abubuwa kamar samun kudin shiga, kiwon lafiya, ayyukan zamantakewa, manufofin ilimi, manufofin aiki, da manufofin gine-gine da muhalli. Manufofin tsakanin tsararraki sun haɗa da amma ba a iyakance su ga magana da hanyoyin rarraba albarkatu tsakanin tsararraka ba. Irin waɗannan manufofi na iya tilasta wa wasu tsararraki ta hanyar karfi na zahiri ko ta hanyar tashin hankali na alama ta wata tsara, amma kuma ana iya kirkirar su ta hanyar tattaunawa.[1]

Za'a iya yin niyya ga manufofi na tsararraki don kara haɗin kai ta hanyar sauƙaƙe hulɗa tsakanin mutane na shekaru daban-daban ta hanyar tallafawa kusanci na jiki, haɓaka abubuwan da suka dace, ko ta wasu hanyoyin. Manufar hadewa ita ce kawar da shingen zamantakewa da matsalolin da ke da alaƙa da shekaru, gami da nuna bambanci bisa ga shekaru. Wadannan manufofi sun ƙunshi takamaiman shirye-shirye da ayyuka da nufin tallafawa shiga lokaci guda na yara, matasa, da tsofaffi.

Hanyar tsara-shekara ga manufofin jama'a ta fahimci cewa tsararraki suna da bukatun asali ciki har da isasshen kudin shiga, samun damar samun kulawa da lafiya mai inganci da ayyukan zamantakewa, damar ilimi da aiki, da kuma wurin da ya dace don zama. Bugu da ƙari, manufofi da ke tallafawa kowane rukuni na shekaru dole ne su gina kan damuwar kowa na dukan tsararraki.

Ma'aikatar tsakanin tsararraki misali ne na Hidimar Kirista wanda ke jaddada alaƙar da ke tsakanin kungiyoyin shekaru kuma yana ƙarfafa ayyukan da suka haɗu.

Ma'aikatar tsakanin tsararraki ta bambanta da sauran hanyoyin hidima da aka fi gani a cikin majami'u na gida, kamar makarantun Lahadi da ma'aikatun matasa.

A Makarantar Lahadi, yara, matasa, kuma wani lokacin manya, malamai ne ke koyar da su, yawanci, manya. Yawancin lokaci ana rarraba aji ta hanyar shekaru, kamar yadda yake a makarantun duniya. A cikin Ma'aikatun matasa, matasa ko matasa (musamman shekarun kwaleji) suna taruwa a cikin kungiyoyi karkashin jagorancin "ministan matasa". Wadannan kungiyoyi, wadanda galibi suna cikin kungiyoyin parachurch, suna mai da hankali kan zumunci da koyar da membobinsu.

Wadannan hanyoyin hidima suna rarraba mambobi bisa ga shekaru, kuma suna da ma'aikatar matsayi wanda ya fi kwarewa, mafi ilimi, kuma gabaɗaya tsofaffi mambobin suna hidima ta hanyar koyarwa ga cajin su. Ayyukan tsakanin tsararraki, akasin haka, suna jaddada cakuda shekaru, kuma suna rage jaddada dangantakar malami da ɗalibi.

Hidimar tsakanin tsararraki ɗaya ce daga cikin ƙungiyoyi masu yawa waɗanda suka taso don mayar da martani game da damuwa cewa matasa matasa galibi suna daina shiga coci, kuma galibi ba sa dawowa. Magoya bayan kungiyar ma’aikatar tsakanin tsararraki sun yi ittifakin cewa, matsayi na matsayi da aiki da ake samu a ma’aikatun coci-coci na gargajiya na hana matasa da matasa fahimtar manufa da shiga, tun da rawar da suke takawa a wadannan ma’aikatun ba ta da tushe balle makama, kuma tunda galibi ana ware su daga ayyukan manya. Saboda haka, sun ba da shawarar cewa matasa masu tasowa su yi rawar gani a hidimar majami'a, kuma ya kamata ayyukan coci su ƙunshi da ƙarfafa sa hannu daga membobin a cikin shekaru daban-daban

Hanya ta biyu a cikin motsi na hidima tsakanin tsararraki shine na shiga cikin iyali. Damuwa game da kisan aure, cin zarafi da sauran rikice-rikicen iyali sun haifar da zargi game da yadda ayyukan coci na gargajiya ke rarrabe 'yan uwa bisa ga shekaru, don saki ba tare da jaddada dangantakar iyali ba. Ana ganin ayyukan tsararraki a matsayin hanyar da za ta haɗa iyalai a matsayin raka'a, don haka ƙarfafa dangantakar iyali.

Za'a iya fahimtar intergenerationality a cikin addini a matsayin watsa ayyukan addini, imani, ko alaƙa daga iyaye zuwa yaro. Wannan tsarin yana nuna iyaye kamar yadda suke da hukumomin addini kuma suna sanya matasa a matsayin masu karɓar addini da halaye na halayyar da ke da alaƙa da wani nau'in bangaskiya. Bincike ya kuma gano cewa yara suna aiki a cikin hanyar da ta dace, inda saurayi zai iya rinjayar addini da ayyukan ibada da bangaskiya.[2]

Bincike ya nuna cewa yara da ke halartar Makarantun Lahadi da shirye-shiryen matasa ba su da damar ci gaba da shiga coci, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka halarci ibada tare da iyaye, kuma an haɗa su cikin al'umma. Wadanda ke ci gaba da shiga coci a matsayin manya galibi suna da 'bangaskiya ta ainihi'.

Masu goyon bayan wannan yanayin hidima suna da'awar cewa misali ne na Littafi Mai-Tsarki - musamman lokacin da hidima ke cikin iyali daidai da tsarin Ibrananci 'dangantaka' da aka bayyana a cikin Kubawar Shari'a 6.

  • Lissafin lissafi na tsara
  • Tsarin tsarawa
  • Raunin da ya faru na tsara
  • Shafin yanar gizo na tsara
  • Tunawa da kasa
  • Tunawa da al'adu
  1. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0
  2. Hopkins, Peter (2011). "Mapping Intergenerationalities: the Formation of Youthful Religiosities". Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 36 (2): 314–327. Bibcode:2011TrIBG..36..314H. doi:10.1111/j.1475-5661.2010.00419.x. JSTOR 23020820.