Tsarin Dalton

Tsarin Dalton
teaching method (en)
Bayanai
Farawa	1905
Fuskar	learning approach (en)
Suna saboda	Dalton (mul)
Mai ganowa ko mai ƙirƙira	Helen Parkhurst (en)

The Dalton Plan is an educational concept created by Helen Parkhurst. It is inspired by the intellectual ferment at the turn of the 20th century.  Educational thinkers such as Maria Montessori and John Dewey influenced Parkhurst while she created the Dalton Plan. Their aim was to achieve a balance between a child's talent and the needs of the community. 

Halaye

  Manufofin Parkhurst na musamman sune kamar haka:

1. Domin daidaita shirin kowane ɗalibi bisa ga buƙatunsa, abubuwan da yake so da kuma iyawarsa.
2. Don haɓaka 'yancin kai da dogaro ga kowane ɗalibi.
3. Domin haɓaka ƙwarewar zamantakewa ta ɗalibi.
4. Don ƙara musu kwarin gwiwa game da ɗaukar nauyin da ke kansu ga wasu.

Koyarwar Judo ta yi tasiri aƙalla wani ɓangare bayan tattaunawa da wanda ya kafa Kodokan Judo, Dr Jigoro Kano. Duba shafi na 72 da 86 ISBN 978-1-56836-479-1

Ta ƙirƙiro wani shiri mai sassa uku wanda ya ci gaba da zama tushen tsarin ilimin Dalton:

1. Gidan, wata al'umma ce ta ɗalibai.
2. Aikin, wani buri na wata-wata wanda ɗalibai za su yi yarjejeniya don kammalawa.
3. Dakin gwaje-gwaje, wani aji ne da aka tsara don zama cibiyar ilimin da aka tsara. Dakin gwaje-gwajen ya ƙunshi ɗalibai daga aji huɗu zuwa ƙarshen karatun sakandare.

Ɗalibai suna motsawa tsakanin "dakunan gwaje-gwaje" (azuzuwan) kuma suna bincika jigogi gwargwadon iyawarsu.

Gabatarwa a Burtaniya

A shekarar 1920, an buga wani labarin da ya bayyana aikin Shirin Dalton dalla-dalla a cikin Jaridar Times' Educational Supplement . Parkhurst "ta bai wa makarantar sakandare hutu da al'adun ɗalibar Jami'a; ta rage cunkoso a manhajar karatu; ta soke shirye-shiryen azuzuwan da malamar ke yi da dare da kuma mafarkin aikin gida na yarinyar. A lokaci guda, yaran da ke ƙarƙashin gwamnatinta suna rufe duk wani tushe da aka tsara don jarrabawar 'matsayin kammala karatun digiri' ta atomatik, kuma gazawar jarrabawa a cikinsu ba ta da yawa." [1]

Tsarin Dalton hanya ce ta ilimi wadda ɗalibai ke aiki a kan ƙarfinsu, kuma suna samun taimakon malami idan ya cancanta. Babu koyarwa ta aji. Dalibai suna tsara jadawalin lokaci kuma suna da alhakin kammala aikin a kan manhajar karatu ko ayyukan da aka ba su. Ana kuma ƙarfafa ɗalibai su taimaki junansu da aikinsu. Babban manufar Shirin Dalton ita ce cimma mafi girman ci gaban tunani, ɗabi'a, jiki da ruhaniya na ɗalibi.