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Tsarin tsarin makamashi na budewa

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Tsarin tsarin makamashi na budewa
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Misalai na Tsarin makamashi masu budewa sune tsarin makamasha wanda ke buɗewa. [lower-alpha 1] Koyaya, wasu daga cikinsu na iya amfani da software na ɓangare na uku a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin su don shigarwa, sarrafawa, ko fitarwa bayanai. Mafi kyau, waɗannan samfuran suna amfani da bayanan budewa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa kimiyya mai buɗewa.

Ana amfani da samfuran tsarin makamashi don bincika tsarin makamasheya na gaba kuma galibi ana amfani da su ga tambayoyin da suka shafi makamashi da Manufofin yanayi. Misalai da kansu sun bambanta sosai dangane da nau'in su, ƙira, shirye-shirye, aikace-aikace, iyaka, matakin daki-daki, ƙwarewa, da gazawar. Ga samfuran da yawa, ana amfani da wasu nau'ikan Ingantaccen lissafi don sanar da tsarin warwarewa.

Masu kula da makamashi da masu aiki da tsarin a Turai da Arewacin Amurka sun fara karɓar tsarin tsarin makamashi mai budewa don dalilai na tsarawa a farkon shekarun 2020. [1] Ana amfani da samfuran budewa da bayanan budewa ta hukumomin gwamnati don jagorantar ci gaban manufofin jama'a na net-zero (tare da misalai da aka nuna a cikin wannan labarin). Kamfanoni da masu ba da shawara kan injiniya suma suna karɓar samfuran buɗewa don bincike (sake duba ƙasa).

Abubuwan da aka yi la'akari da su

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Ƙungiya

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Ayyukan ƙirar ƙirar makamashi da aka jera a nan sun fada ne kawai a cikin tsarin ƙasa-sama, wanda samfurin shine wakilci na zahiri na tsarin da ke ƙasa.

Direbobin da yawa suna son ci gaban samfuran budewa da bayanan budewa. Akwai karuwar sha'awar yin tsarin makamashi na Manufofin jama'a a bayyane don inganta karɓar su ta masu tsara manufofi da jama'a. Har ila yau, akwai sha'awar yin amfani da fa'idodin da bude bayanai da bude software ci gaban zasu iya kawowa, gami da rage maimaita ƙoƙari, ingantaccen rabawa na ra'ayoyi da bayanai, ingantaccen inganci, da kuma fadada shiga da tallafi.[2] Saboda haka ci gaban samfurin yawanci ƙoƙari ne na ƙungiya kuma an kafa shi azaman ko dai aikin ilimi, kasuwancin kasuwanci, ko kuma shirin al'umma na gaske.

Wannan labarin ba ya rufe ayyukan da kawai ke sanya lambar tushe ko takardun rubutu don saukewa na jama'a, amma wanda ya watsar da lasisin software na kyauta da budewa. Rashin Yarjejeniyar lasisi yana haifar da yanayin rashin tabbas na doka inda masu amfani ba za su iya sanin waɗanne iyakokin da mai shi zai iya so ya tilasta a nan gaba ba.[3] : 1 Ayyukan da aka jera a nan an dauke su sun dace da hadawa ta hanyar jiran ko buga wallafe-wallafen ilimi ko kuma ta hanyar bayar da rahoto a cikin kafofin sakandare.

Wata takarda ta 2017 ta lissafa fa'idodin bude bayanai da samfuran kuma ta tattauna dalilan da suka sa ayyukan da yawa duk da haka sun kasance a rufe.[4] ::214-213 Takardar ta ba da shawarwari da yawa ga ayyukan da ke son sauyawa zuwa hanyar budewa.[4]: 214 Marubutan sun kuma kammala cewa, dangane da budewa, binciken makamashi ya kasance a bayan wasu fannoni, musamman kimiyyar lissafi, biotechnology, da magani.[4]: 213–214 :213–214

Girma

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Tsarin tsarin makamashi mai budewa ya tsufa a cikin shekarun 2010. An ambaci ayyukan biyu kawai a cikin takarda ta 2011 a kan batun: OSeMOSYS da TEMOA . [5]::5861 Balmorel ma yana aiki a wannan lokacin, bayan an bayyana shi a fili a shekara ta 2001. [lower-alpha 2] Ya zuwa Yuli , 31 irin waɗannan ayyukan an jera su a nan (tare da kusan adadin da ke jiran a kara su). Chang et al (2021) binciken samfurin kuma sun sami budewa zuwa rufe rarrabuwa game da ko da bayan sake nazarin tsarin 54 - kodayake wannan fassarar ta dogara ne akan ƙididdigar aikin kuma ba akan ɗaukarwa da amfani ba.[6] A 2022 model kwatanta motsa jiki a Jamus ya ba da rahoton takwas daga 40 modeling ayyukan ne bude tushe, wadannan ayyukan kuma suna da m al'ummomi a bayansu.

Bayyanawa, fahimta, da sakewa

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Amfani da samfuran tsarin makamashi da bayanan makamashi masu budewa suna wakiltar ƙoƙari ɗaya don inganta gaskiya, fahimta, da sakewa na samfuran tsarin makamashin makamashi, musamman waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don taimakawa ci gaban manufofin jama'a.

Wani takarda na 2010 game da ƙirar ƙwarewar makamashi ya yi jayayya cewa "tsarin bita na buɗewa na iya tallafawa tabbatar da samfurin da tabbatarwa, waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don ci gaban samfurin".[7] 17 Don ci gaba da girmama tsarin bita na tsara, masu bincike suna jayayya, a cikin takarda na 2012, cewa yana da mahimmanci a sanya duka lambar tushe da bayanan bayanai a ƙarƙashin ikon sarrafawa na jama'a don ɓangarori na uku su iya gudana, tabbatarwa, da bincika takamaiman samfuran. [8][9] Wata takarda ta 2016 ta yi jayayya cewa nazarin yanayin makamashi na samfurin, neman rinjayar masu yanke shawara a cikin gwamnati da masana'antu, dole ne su zama masu fahimta da kuma bayyane. Ga waɗannan manufofi, takarda tana ba da jerin ka'idojin gaskiya waɗanda ya kamata masu tsarawa su kammala su. Marubutan duk da haka sun bayyana cewa "sun yi la'akari da hanyoyin budewa don zama matsanancin lamari na nuna gaskiya wanda ba ya sauƙaƙa fahimtar karatun don shawarar manufofi". : 4[10]:4

Wani shafi na ra'ayi daga 2017 yana ci gaba da shari'ar don amfani da bayanan makamashi da ƙira don gina amincewar jama'a a cikin nazarin manufofi. Labarin ya kuma yi jayayya cewa mujallu na kimiyya suna da alhakin buƙatar a gabatar da bayanai da lambar tare da rubutu don bita.[11] Kuma wani sharhin ilimi daga 2020 yayi jayayya cewa rarraba ci gaba zai sauƙaƙa tushen masu ba da gudummawa daban-daban kuma ta haka ne inganta ingancin samfurin - tsari da ke tallafawa ta dandamali na kan layi kuma yana ba da damar ta hanyar buɗe bayanai da lambar[12]

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ The terminology is not settled. These models can also be known as open energy models or open-source energy-system models or some combination thereof.
  2. ↑ NEMO was also under development in 2011 but it is unclear whether its codebase was public at that point.
Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found
  1. ↑ Fairley, Peter (27 June 2023). "EU: Climate-proof grids require more transparency > 'Black-box' US energy planning hinders renewable energy development". IEEE Spectrum. ISSN 0018-9235. Retrieved 2023-06-27. Web feature.
  2. ↑ Bazilian, Morgan; Rice, Andrew; Rotich, Juliana; Howells, Mark; DeCarolis, Joseph; Macmillan, Stuart; Brooks, Cameron; Bauer, Florian; Liebreich, Michael (2012). "Open source software and crowdsourcing for energy analysis" (PDF). Energy Policy. 49: 149–153. Bibcode:2012EnPol..49..149B. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.032. Retrieved 2016-06-17.
  3. ↑ Morin, Andrew; Urban, Jennifer; Sliz, Piotr (26 July 2012). "A quick guide to software licensing for the scientist-programmer". PLOS Computational Biology. 8 (7): e1002598. Bibcode:2012PLSCB...8E2598M. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002598. ISSN 1553-7358. PMC 3406002. PMID 22844236.
  4. 1 2 3 Pfenninger, Stefan; DeCarolis, Joseph; Hirth, Lion; Quoilin, Sylvain; Staffell, Iain (February 2017). "The importance of open data and software: is energy research lagging behind?". Energy Policy. 101: 211–215. Bibcode:2017EnPol.101..211P. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2016.11.046. ISSN 0301-4215. |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help)
  5. ↑ Howells, Mark; Rogner, Holger; Strachan, Neil; Heaps, Charles; Huntington, Hillard; Kypreos, Socrates; Hughes, Alison; Silveira, Semida; DeCarolis, Joe; Bazilian, Morgan; Roehrl, Alexander (2011). "OSeMOSYS: the open source energy modeling system: an introduction to its ethos, structure and development". Energy Policy. 39 (10): 5850–5870. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2011.06.033. The name Morgan Bazillian has been corrected.
  6. ↑ Chang, Miguel; Thellufsen, Jakob Zink; Zakeri, Behnam; Pickering, Bryn; Pfenninger, Stefan; Lund, Henrik; Østergaard, Poul Alberg (15 May 2021). "Trends in tools and approaches for modelling the energy transition". Applied Energy. 290. Bibcode:2021ApEn..29016731C. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116731. ISSN 0306-2619. S2CID 233585332 Check |s2cid= value (help). |hdl-access= requires |hdl= (help) See figure 4 in particular.
  7. ↑ Mundaca, Luis; Neij, Lena; Worrell, Ernst; McNeil, Michael A (1 August 2010). "Evaluating energy efficiency policies with energy-economy models — Report number LBNL-3862E" (PDF). Annual Review of Environment and Resources. Berkeley, CA, US: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-052810-164840. OSTI 1001644. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 2016-11-15.
  8. ↑ Mundaca, Luis; Neij, Lena; Worrell, Ernst; McNeil, Michael A (22 October 2010). "Evaluating energy efficiency policies with energy-economy models". Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 35 (1): 305–344. doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-052810-164840. ISSN 1543-5938. OSTI 1001644.
  9. ↑ DeCarolis, Joseph F; Hunter, Kevin; Sreepathi, Sarat (2012). "The case for repeatable analysis with energy economy optimization models" (PDF). Energy Economics. 34 (6): 1845–1853. arXiv:2001.10858. Bibcode:2012EneEc..34.1845D. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2012.07.004. S2CID 59143900. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 April 2016. Retrieved 2016-07-08.
  10. ↑ Cao, Karl-Kiên; Cebulla, Felix; Gómez Vilchez, Jonatan J; Mousavi, Babak; Prehofer, Sigrid (28 September 2016). "Raising awareness in model-based energy scenario studies — a transparency checklist". Energy, Sustainability and Society. 6 (1): 28–47. Bibcode:2016ESusS...6...28C. doi:10.1186/s13705-016-0090-z. ISSN 2192-0567. S2CID 52243291.
  11. ↑ Pfenninger, Stefan (23 February 2017). "Energy scientists must show their workings" (PDF). Nature News. 542 (7642): 393. Bibcode:2017Natur.542..393P. doi:10.1038/542393a. PMID 28230147. S2CID 4449502. Retrieved 2017-02-26.
  12. ↑ DeCarolis, Joseph F; Jaramillo, Paulina; Johnson, Jeremiah X; McCollum, David L; Trutnevyte, Evelina; Daniels, David C; Akın-Olçum, Gökçe; Bergerson, Joule; Cho, Soolyeon; Choi, Joon-Ho; Craig, Michael T; de Queiroz, Anderson R; Eshraghi, Hadi; Galik, Christopher S; Gutowski, Timothy G (16 December 2020). "Leveraging open-source tools for collaborative macro-energy system modeling efforts". Joule. 4 (12): 2523–2526. Bibcode:2020Joule...4.2523D. doi:10.1016/j.joule.2020.11.002. ISSN 2542-4785. S2CID 229492155.
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