Tsare Italiyawa 'yan Kanada
 Tsare Italiyawa 'yan Kanada | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Kanada |
Tsare Italiyawa 'yan Kanada shine tilasta ƙaura da kuma tsare Italiyawa 'yan Kanada da akayi a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu bayan Italiya ta sanar cewa zata yaki Birtaniya a ranar 10 ga Yuni, 1940.[1] Ta hanyar Dokar Ma'aunin Yaki, gwamnatin Firayim Ministan Kanada William Lyon Mackenzie King ta ba da kanta ikon dakatar da yarjejeniyar habeas corpus, kwace haƙƙoki, da kwace haƙƙin mallaka, da kwace duk wata kadara, da kuma tsare wadanda ake gani zasu iya zama matsala ga tsaron 'yan kasar Kanada - inda aka lakaba wa fiye da Italiyawa 'yan Kanada mutum 31,000 a matsayin "maƙiya daga wata duniyar".[2]
A tsakanin shekarun 1940 zuwa 1943, an kama akalla mazaje 600 zuwa 700 'yan Italiya mazauna Kanada kuma an tura su zuwa sansanin tsaro a matsayin "maƙiya daga wata duniyar" masu alaman hatsari tare da tuhumar su da alaka da facist. A shekarun da suka biyo baya, an bada hakuri na siyasa saboda tsare Italiyawan Kanada da aka yi.
Maƙiya daga wata duniyar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A ranar 10 ga Yuni, 1940, bayan sanarwar da Italiya ta yi na yaƙi da Burtaniya, an ɗauki duk wata ƙungiyar fascist dake zaune a Kanada a matsayin mazauna ba tare da ka'ida ba ta hanyar Dokar Matakan Yaƙi. Sun hada da ofishin jakadancin Casa d'Italia da ke kan titin Beverley, jaridar fascist Il Bollettino da Dopolavoro ("Bayan Aiki") kulob din zamantakewa. Ma'aikatar kula da kadarorin abokan gaba ce ta kwace Casa d'Italia kuma sun saida shi ga Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP).[3] A cewar Maƙiya A tsakani: Italiyawa da sauran wadanda aka tsare a Kanada da Ƙasashen waje, wanda masanan tarihi Franca Iacovetta, Roberto Perin da Angelo Principe suka gyara, an kiyasta kimanin mutum 3,500 'yan Italiya dake zaune a Kanada a matsayin mambobin ƙungiyoyin facist na gida.
Labaran jaridu na ranar, kamar Ottawa Citizen, sun bayyana cewa an sanya matsayin "Maƙiya Baƙo" nan da nan a kan 'yan Italiya marasa zama da suka wuce shekaru 16, da kuma 'yan Kanada Italiya waɗanda suka zama' yan Burtaniya bayan Satumba 1929 - kimanin' yan Kanada 31,000. Daga baya rukunin ya fadada ya hada da 'yan ƙasa na jihohin da ke rikici da suka zama' yan ƙasa bayan 1922. Wadanda Dokar Matakan Yaƙi da Dokokin Tsaro na Kanada suka shafa an tilasta su yi rajista tare da RCMP kuma su ba su rahoto kowane wata.[4]
Tsakanin 1940 da 1943, an kama kimanin mutane 600 zuwa 700 na Italiyawan Kanada kuma an tura su sansanonin fursunoni a matsayin "maƙiya" masu haɗari tare da alaƙa da fascist. Duk da yake yawancin 'yan Italiyan na Kanada da farko sun goyi bayan fascism da mulkin Benito Mussolini saboda rawar da ya taka wajen inganta kasancewar Italiya a matakin duniya, mafi yawancin Italiyawan mazauna Kanada ba su da wata mugun nufi da kasar Kanada kuma kaɗan ne suka kasance masu bin ka'idar fascism.[5]
Yawancin mazajen Italiyanci-Kanada an tsare su a sansanin Petawawa (Kamp 33) a Petawawa, Ontario, da kuma sansanoni a Minto, New Brunswick da Kananaskis, Alberta, na shekaru da yawa.
Wani sanannen mai zaman kansa shine Hamilton, sanannen bootlegger na Ontario Rocco Perri . [6]
Tarihin da aka kafa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin 1990, Firayim Minista Brian Mulroney ya nemi afuwa game da tsare-tsaren yaki na 'yan Kanada Italiyawa a taron Toronto na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta Italiya: "A madadin gwamnati da mutanen Kanada, ina ba da cikakken gafara da ba su cancanta ba game da laifuffukan da aka yi wa' yan Kanada 'yan asalin Italiya a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu".[7]
A watan Mayu na shekara ta 2009, Massimo Pacetti ya gabatar da Bill C-302, wani "Doka don gane rashin adalci da aka yi wa mutanen asalin Italiya ta hanyar sanya su 'maƙiyan baƙi' da kuma tsare su a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, da kuma samar da Maidowa da inganta ilimi kan tarihin Italiyanci na Kanada [da dala miliyan 2.5]", wanda House of Commons ta zartar a ranar 28 ga Afrilu, 2010. [8] Kanada Post kuma ta ba da hatimi don tunawa da tsare 'yan ƙasar Italiya-Kanada da aka yi, duk da haka, Bill C-302 bai wuce matakan da suka dace ba don zama doka.[9]
A cikin 2013, a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Wurin Tunawa: Labaran Yakin Kanada na Italiya na Cibiyar Columbus a Toronto, wanda Villa Charities Inc. da Ma'akatar "yan Kasa da Shige-da-Ficen Kanada suka tallafawa, mai zane Harley Valentine ya kirkiro wani abin tunawa da ke nuna abubuwan da ake kira Riflessi: Tarihin Tunawa da Italiyawan Kanada. Babban mutum-mutumi ya kunshi bayanan martaba da ke wakiltar dangin 'yan Italiyanci na Kanada - uba, uwa mai ciki, da yaro - waɗanda suka haɗu don samar da adadi ɗaya a cikin madubi mai laushi.[10]
A watan Satumbar 2018, RCMP ta dasa itace a filin Kwalejin 'yan sanda ta Kanada a Ottawa a matsayin nuna nadama ga sa hannunsu tare da tsare' yan Kanada na Italiya.[11]
A ranar 27 ga Mayu, 2021, Firayim Minista Justin Trudeau ya nemi gafara a hukumance game da tsarewar yaki na 'yan Kanada 'yan asalin Italiya da akayi, a Majalisar Kasar Ingila.[12]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Canada declares war on Italy". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. June 10, 1940. Archived from the original on 2011-06-22. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
- ↑ DiStefano, Daniela (August 13, 2012). "Tracing the Forgotten History of Italian-Canadian Internment Camps". Panoram Italia. Archived from the original on January 12, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
- ↑ "Arrest at Casa d'Italia, Toronto, ON". Italian Canadians as Enemy Aliens: Memories of World War II. Columbus Centre. June 10, 1940. Archived from the original on 2018-09-20. Retrieved 2017-07-26.
- ↑ "Under the Law". Italian Canadians as Enemy Aliens: Memories of World War II. Columbus Centre. Archived from the original on 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2015-09-30.
- ↑ "History". pier21.ca. Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21. Archived from the original on 2017-07-21. Retrieved 2017-07-25.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Galloway, Gloria (30 April 2010). "Italians seek new apology from Canada for wartime internments". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 12 June 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
- ↑ Pacetti, Massimo (March 3, 2010 – March 26, 2011). "Italian-Canadian Recognition and Restitution Act: An Act to recognize the injustice that was done to persons of Italian origin through their "enemy alien" designation and internment during the Second World War, and to provide for restitution and promote education on Italian-Canadian history" (Bill). 40th Parliament, 3rd session, C-302. Retrieved 2025-06-17.
- ↑ "Redress and Apology". Italian Canadians as Enemy Aliens: Memories of World War II. Columbus Centre. Archived from the original on 2019-06-02. Retrieved 2017-07-26.
- ↑ "Riflessi". harleyvalentine.com. HV Studio. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
- ↑ "RCMP plant tree to remember internment of Italian-Canadians". CBC News. September 19, 2018. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
- ↑ "Trudeau apologizes to Italian Canadians for internment during WW II". CBC News. May 27, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2025.