Tsibirin Bolama
| Tsibirin Bolama | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Yawan fili | 65 km² |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 11°33′51″N 15°31′47″W / 11.564162°N 15.529838°W |
| Bangare na |
Bijagós Islands (en)  |
| Kasa | Guinea-Bissau |
| Territory |
Bolama (en) |
| Flanked by | Tekun Atalanta |
| Hydrography (en) | |
Bolama ita ce mafi kusa da tsibiran Bissagos zuwa babban yankin Guinea-Bissau.[1] Tsibirin tana da yawan jama'a 6,024 (ƙidayar 2009). Tana da sunanta da mafi girman mazauni, garin Bolama, wanda shine babban birnin tsibirin da yankin Bolama. Hanyar da ta haɗa tsibirin zuwa Ilha das Cobras. Abubuwan jan hankali a tsibirin sun haɗa da rairayin bakin teku masu yashi da tarkacen garin Bolama da aka yi watsi da su. An san shi da ƙwayayen cashew.[1]
Muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bolama tana kusan kewaye da fadamar mangrove. Tsibirin, tare da ɓangarorin da ke kusa da bakin Rio Grande de Buba, BirdLife International ta ayyana shi a matsayin yanki mai mahimmanci na Tsuntsaye (IBA) saboda lakansu na tsaka-tsaki da mangroves suna tallafawa yawan jama'a na pelicans masu launin ruwan hoda, godwits-tailed, jan kulli, curlew sandpipers da terns-billed.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin shekarar 1792, gungun jami'an Sojan Ruwa na Royal sun jagoranci wani yunƙuri na sake tsugunar da tsoffin bayi Baƙaƙen fata daga Amurka a tsibirin Bulama da ke gabar tekun Guinea na Portugal.[3] Philip Beaver shi ne shugaban majalisar al'ummar mulkin mallaka; Richard Hancorn ya kasance mataimakin shugaban ƙasa.[4] sun mutu kuma waɗanda suka tsira sun yi watsi da mulkin mallaka a watan Nuwamba 1793 kuma suka yi hanyarsu ta zuwa Settler Town a cikin abin da daga baya ya zama Mallakar Saliyo.
Har ila yau, Portuguese sun yi iƙirarin Bolama a shekarar 1830 kuma rikici ya taso.[5] A cikin shekarar 1860, Birtaniya ta yi shelar tsibirin da ke haɗe da Saliyo, amma a cikin shekarar 1870 wani kwamiti da Ulysses S. Grant ya jagoranta ya ba Bolama ga Portugal.[6] Daga baya, a cikin shekarar 1879, garin Bolama ya zama babban birnin Portuguese Guinea [7] kuma ya kasance har zuwa lokacin da aka canza shi zuwa Bissau a shekarar 1941. Bissau an kafa ta a shekara ta 1687 ta Portugal. a matsayin katafaren tashar jiragen ruwa da cibiyar kasuwanci. An buƙaci wannan canjin ne saboda ƙarancin ruwan sha a Bolama. Daga baya Bolama ya zama tashar jirgin ruwa, kuma wani mutum-mutumi a garin na tunawa da haɗarin jirgin ruwa a shekarar 1931.
An gina wata masana'antar sarrafa 'ya'yan itace a Bolama jim kaɗan bayan samun 'yancin kai daga ƙasar Guinea-Bissau, tare da taimakon ƙasar Holland. Wannan shuka ta samar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace gwangwani da jelly na 'ya'yan itacen cashew. Duk da haka, ba zai iya faɗaɗa ba kuma dole ne ya rufe ayyukansa, saboda ƙarancin ruwan sha a tsibirin.
An naɗa Bolama wurin ajiyar biosphere. Gwamnatin Bissau-Guinean tana burin a sanya ta a matsayin cibiyar tarihi ta duniya ta farko.
Ƙara karantawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tarihin yunƙurin mulkin mallaka na Ingilishi a cikin shekarar 1792 an ƙididdige shi a cikin surori shida na farko na littafin 2013 "Ship of Death: Voyage that Changed the Atlantic World" na ( farfesa na tarihi) Billy G. Smith.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 População por região, sector e localidades por sexo censo 2009 Archived 2020-03-31 at the Wayback Machine, Instituto Nacional de Estatística Guiné-Bissau
- ↑ "Ilha de Bolama - Rio Grande de Buba". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2024. Retrieved 2024-11-01.
- ↑ Humphries, Will (4 November 2020). "How Britain's colony without slaves ended in bloodshed".
- ↑ Extracts describing the abortive colonisation of Bulama island, in the mouth of the Rio Grande river (now Bolama island, Corubala river, Guinea Bissau), in 1792 Archived 2023-08-12 at the Wayback Machine at Glamorgan Archives
- ↑ Humphries, Will (4 November 2020). "How Britain's colony without slaves ended in bloodshed". The Times. London.
- ↑ Brooks, George E. (2010). Western Africa and Cabo Verde, 1790s-1830s: Symbiosis of Slave and Legitimate Trades. Author House. p. 226. ISBN 9781452088693.
- ↑ "History of Bolama, the first capital of Portuguese Guinea (1879-1941), as reflected in the Guinean National Historical Archives". British Library, Endangered Archives Programme (in Turanci). 2017-09-06. Retrieved 2020-06-30.
- ↑ Smith, Billy G. (2013). Ship of Death - A Voyage That Changed the Atlantic World (published 2013-11-19). ISBN 9780300194524.