Tsibirin da ba a zaune ba
 Tsibirin da ba a zaune ba | |
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| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Tsibirin |
Tsibirin da ba kowa, tsibirin hamada, ko tsibirin da ba kowa, tsibiri ne, tsibiri ko atoll wanda ba shi da yawan mutane na dindindin. Sau da yawa ana nuna tsibiran da ba su zama ba a cikin fina-finai ko labarai game da mutanen da jirgin ruwa ya ruɗe, kuma ana amfani da su azaman ra'ayi don ra'ayin " jannati ". Wasu tsibiran da ba kowa suna da kariya a matsayin tanadin yanayi, wasu kuma na sirri ne. Tsibirin Devon da ke arewa mai nisa na Kanada shine tsibiri mafi girma a duniya da ba kowa. [1] [2]
Ƙananan murjani atolls ko tsibiran yawanci ba su da tushen ruwa mai daɗi, amma lokaci-lokaci ana iya isa ruwan ruwan ruwan ruwan da rijiya.
Kalmomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsibirin da ba kowa a wani lokaci kuma ana kiransu "tsibirin hamada" ko "tsibirin hamada". A ƙarshe, hamadar hamada tana nufin ba yanayin yanayi na hamada ba, a'a, a maimakon haka "kullun da ba a shagaltar da shi ko kuma ba kowa". Kalmar hamada an yi amfani da ita a baya ga duk wani yanki na daji, wanda ba kowa ba, gami da gandun daji, kuma wannan ma'ana ta tsohuwa ce ta bayyana a cikin kalmar "tsibirin hamada".
Hakanan ana amfani da kalmar "tsibirin hamada" a alamance don nufin abubuwa ko ɗabi'a a cikin yanayin keɓewar zamantakewa da ƙayyadaddun kayan abu. Hali a tsibirin hamada shine gwajin tunani na kowa, alal misali, "dabi'un tsibirin hamada".
Halittar halittu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsibiran hamada suna da wani yanki na mafaka daga mutane, wanda hakan ya sa su zama mafaka ga nau'ikan namun daji masu rauni kamar kunkuru na teku da tsuntsayen teku masu tsugunar da ƙasa. Yawancin nau'ikan tsuntsayen teku suna amfani da su azaman tsayawa akan hanyarsu ko musamman don gida, suna cin gajiyar (da ake tsammani) rashin mafarauta na ƙasa kamar kuliyoyi ko bera .
Duk da haka, ton na sharar gida daga kasashe masu nisa suna taruwa a bakin tekun su daga teku, kuma rashin sa ido ya kuma sa su zama wuraren da ake so ga masu farautar nau'ikan da aka kayyade. [3]
Zaɓaɓɓen tsibiran da ba kowa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
- Tsibirin Amatignak, kudu maso kudu na Alaska, Amurka
- Appat Island, Greenland
- ʻAta, tsibiri mafi kudanci na Masarautar Tonga
- Tsibirin Auckland a Kudancin Pacific, waɗanda wani yanki ne na New Zealand
- Astola Island, Pakistan
- Yawancin Barra Islands, Ƙasar Hebrides, Scotland . Mafi shahara daga cikinsu shine Barra Head .
- Tsibirin Blasket a cikin County Kerry, Ireland
- Ball's Pyramid, wani dogon dutse mai aman wuta da ke kusa da tsibirin Lord Howe a Kudancin Pacific
- Binlang Island, Taiwan
- Yawancin tsibirin Arctic Archipelago na Kanada
- Tsibirin Bouvet a Kudancin Atlantic, tsibiri mafi nisa a duniya
- Caquorobert, Guernsey
- Clipperton Island, tsibirin Pacific na Faransa
- Tsibirin Coral Sea daga arewa maso gabashin gabar tekun Ostiraliya
- Tsibirin De Long a cikin Tekun Arctic, wani yanki na Rasha
- Tsibirin Desertas, Portugal
- Tsibirin Devon, tsibiri mafi girma a duniya wanda ba kowa a cikinsa a 55,247 km2 [1] [2] [4]
- Gotska Sandön, Sweden
- Heard Island da tsibirin McDonald, Ostiraliya
- Yawancin tsibirai a cikin ruwan Hong Kong
- Ilha da Queimada Grande "Snake Island", Brazil
- Isle Royale a cikin Lake Superior
- Keros da sauran ƙananan tsibiran da ke gabar tekun Girka
- Žut da sauran tsibiran da ke gabar tekun Croatia
- Tsibirin Kermadec, wani yanki na New Zealand
- Korzhin Island a cikin tafkin Balkhash
- Klein Curacao, Curacao
- Lampione, Sicily
- Lítla Dímun, Faroe Islands
- Luci Island a gundumar Xiuyu, Putian, Fujian, China
- Tsibirin Oeno ( Tsibirin Pitcairn, Birtaniyya na Ƙasashen Waje )
- Ogurchinsky Island a cikin Caspian Sea
- Tsibirin Rat, tsibiri mai aman wuta a tsibirin Aleutian
- Santa Luzia, Cape Verde
- Tsibirin Savage, Portugal
- Severny Island, Rasha
- Shag Rocks (South Jojiya)
- Surtsey, tsibirin volcanic dake kudu da Iceland
- Tsibirin Tetepare, tsibiri mafi girma da ba kowa a Kudancin Pacific [5]
- Topo Islet, Azores, Portugal
- Mafi yawan ƙananan tsibiran waje na Amurka, kamar su Johnston Atoll, Tsibirin Wake da Midway Atoll . Palmyra Atoll ba ta da mazaunin dindindin amma tana da filayen zama masu zaman kansu waɗanda mazauna wucin gadi ke ci gaba da mamaye su.
-
Duban jirgin sama na Baa Atoll, Maldives -
Tsibirin Desert daga Baa Atoll -
Bassas da Indiya, Tekun Indiya -
Chissioua Bandrélé, Mayotte -
Mtsanga Tsoholé, Mayotte -
Gombé Ndroumé, Mayotte
Mafi girma tsibiran da ba kowa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]| Rank | Area Rank | Island | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi) | Country/Countries | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 27 | Devon Island (Tallurutit) | 55,247 | 21,331 | Canada (Nunavut) | 75°08′N 87°51′W |
| 2 | 28 | Alexander Island (Isla Alejandro I) | 49,070 | 18,950 | None (Antarctic territorial claims by Argentina, Chile, and the United Kingdom) | 71°00′S 70°00′W |
| 3 | 30 | Severny Island (Severnyy Ostrov) | 48,904 | 18,882 | Russia (Arkhangelsk Oblast) | 75°30′N 60°00′E |
| 4 | 31 | Berkner Island (Isla Berkner) | 44,000 | 17,000 | None (Antarctic territorial claims by Argentina and the United Kingdom) | 79°30′S 47°30′W |
| 5 | 32 | Axel Heiberg Island (Umingmat Nunaat) | 43,178 | 16,671 | Canada (Nunavut) | 79°26′N 90°46′W |
| 6 | 33 | Melville Island (Ilulliq) | 42,149 | 16,274 | Canada (Northwest Territories and Nunavut) | 75°30′N 111°30′W |
| 7 | 40 | Prince of Wales Island (Kinngailak) | 33,339 | 12,872 | Canada (Nunavut) | 72°40′N 99°00′W |
| 8 | 46 | Somerset Island (Kuuganajuk) | 24,786 | 9,570 | Canada (Nunavut) | 73°15′N 93°30′W |
| 9 | 47 | Kotelny Island (Olgujdaah Aryy) | 24,000 | 9,300 | Russia (Sakha Republic) | 75°20′N 141°00′E |
| 10 | 54 | Bathurst Island | 16,042 | 6,194 | Canada (Nunavut) | 75°46′N 99°47′W |
| 11 | 55 | Prince Patrick Island | 15,848 | 6,119 | Canada (Northwest Territories) | 76°45′N 119°30′W |
| 12 | 56 | Thurston Island | 15,700 | 6,100 | None | 72°6′S 99°0′W |
| 13 | 57 | Nordaustlandet | 14,467 | 5,586 | Norway (Svalbard) | 79°48′N 22°24′E |
| 14 | 59 | October Revolution Island | 14,170 | 5,470 | Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | 79°30′N 97°00′E |
| 15 | 68 | Ellef Ringnes Island | 11,295 | 4,361 | Canada (Nunavut) | 78°30′N 102°15′W |
| 16 | 69 | Bolshevik Island | 11,270 | 4,350 | Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | 78°63'N 102.48°E |
| 17 | 71 | Bylot Island | 11,067 | 4,273 | Canada (Nunavut) | 73°16′N 78°30′W |
| 18 | 77 | Prince Charles Island | 9,521 | 3,676 | Canada (Nunavut) | 67°47′N 76°12′W |
| 19 | 82 | Komsomolets Island | 9,006 | 3,477 | Russia (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | 80°29′N 94°59′E |
| 20 | 85 | Carney Island | 8,500 | 3,300 | None | 73°57′S 121°00′W |
| 21 | 107 | Coats Island | 5,498 | 2,123 | Canada (Nunavut) | 62°35′N 82°45′W' |
| 22 | 111 | Amund Ringnes Island | 5,255 | 2,029 | Canada (Nunavut) | 78°20′N 96°25′W |
Yawancin tsibiran da ba su da girma suna da kyau a cikin da'irar Arctic ko Antarctic, wanda ke nuna cewa dalilin da ya sa suka zama hamada shine yanayin sanyi.
A cikin adabi da al'adun gargajiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Littattafan farko da aka sani da za a kafa a tsibirin hamada sune Hayy ibn Yaqdhan wanda Ibn Tufail ya rubuta (a shekara ta 1105 da shekarar 1185), sannan Theologus Autodidactus wanda Ibn al-Nafis ya rubuta (a shekara ta 1213 da shekarar 1288). Jaruman da ke cikin duka biyun (Hayy a Hayy ibn Yaqdhan da Kamil a cikin Theologus Autodidactus ) yara ne masu ban tsoro da ke zaune a keɓe a wani tsibiri da ba kowa, har sai da suka yi mu'amala da waɗanda aka yi watsi da su daga waje waɗanda suka makale a tsibirin. Labarin Theologus Autodidactus, duk da haka, ya wuce bayan tsibirin tsibirin da ba kowa ba lokacin da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo suka dauki Kamil zuwa wayewa tare da su.
Wasan William Shakespeare na shekara ta 1610–11, The Tempest, yana amfani da ra'ayin zama makale a tsibirin hamada a matsayin hujja don aikin wasan. Prospero da 'yarsa Miranda suna tafiya ne ta hanyar ɗan'uwan Prospero mayaudari Antonio, yana neman zama Duke na Milan, kuma Prospero ya bi da shi ya rushe ɗan'uwansa da sauran mazan zunubi a tsibirin.
Fassara daga Latin na Hayy ibn Yaqdhan na Ibn Tufail ya bayyana a cikin shekara ta 1671, wanda Edward Pococke ƙarami ya shirya, [6] ya biyo bayan fassarar Ingilishi na Simon Ockley a shekara ta 1708, da kuma fassarar Jamusanci da Dutch . A ƙarshen karni na 17, Hayy ibn Yaqdhan ya ƙarfafa Robert Boyle, wanda ya san Pococke, don rubuta littafin kansa na falsafa wanda ya kafa a tsibirin da ba kowa, The Aspiring Naturalist . Ibn al-Nafis' Theologus Autodidactus shima an fassara shi zuwa Turanci a farkon karni na 20.
An buga shi a cikin shekara ta 1719, littafin Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe, game da jefar da aka yi a tsibirin hamada, ya haifar da kwaikwayi da yawa a cikin fina-finai, talabijin da rediyo wanda aka yi amfani da sunansa don ayyana nau'in, Robinsonade . [7] Littafin ya ƙunshi Man Juma'a, mataimaki na sirri na Crusoe. Wataƙila Defoe ya sami wahayi ga Crusoe daga wani jirgin ruwa na Scotland mai suna Alexander Selkirk, wanda aka ceto a shekara ta 1709 bayan shekaru huɗu a tsibirin Juan Fernández wanda ba a zaune ba; Defoe yakan yi amfani da abubuwan da ke faruwa a yanzu don makircinsa. Har ila yau, yana yiwuwa ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi daga fassarar Latin ko Turanci na Hayy ibn Yaqdhan na Ibn Tufail. [8]
Noel Paul Stookey ya rubuta waƙa game da rayuwa a tsibirin hamada mai suna "A kan tsibirin Desert (tare da ku a cikin mafarkina)" akan kundi na Peter, Paul & Mary 1965 Dubi Abin da Gobe Ya Kawo .
Tom Neale dan kasar New Zealand ne wanda ya yi shekaru 16 da son rai a cikin zama uku a cikin shekara ta 1950s da shekarar 1960 yana zaune shi kadai a tsibirin Suwarrow a cikin rukunin Tsibirin Cook na Arewa . An rubuta lokacinsa a can a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, An Island to Oneself . [9]
A cikin sanannen ra'ayi, irin waɗannan tsibiran suna sau da yawa a cikin Pacific, wurare masu zafi, ba tare da zama ba kuma yawanci ba a san su ba. Sune yankuna ne masu nisa waɗanda ke ba da gudumawa kuma suna tilasta wa mutanen da ba a san ko su waye ba don su zama masu dogaro da kansu kuma da gaske suna haifar da sabuwar al'umma. Wannan al'umma na iya ko dai zama utopian, bisa wani m sake halitta na al'umma ta ta'aziyya (kamar a Swiss Family Robinson da kuma, a cikin wani m nau'i, Gilligan's Island ) ko koma baya a cikin dabbanci (babban jigo na biyu Ubangijin kwari da The Beach ).
Barkwanci tsibirin hamada kuma babban mashahurin hoto ne don zane-zanen gag, tsibirin ana kwatanta shi azaman 'yan yadudduka kawai tare da bishiyar dabino guda ɗaya (wataƙila saboda ƙarancin gani na matsakaici). 17 irin waɗannan zane-zane sun fito a cikin New Yorker a cikin shekara ta 1957 kaɗai.
Bambanci na musamman na jigon tsibirin hamada ya bayyana a cikin HG Wells's Yaƙin cikin iska . A matsayin wani ɓangare na bala'in yaƙin duniya da aka nuna, an yanke gadojin da ke haɗa tsibirin Goat a tsakiyar rafin Niagara zuwa babban yankin, kuma tare da wayewar kai cikin sauri ta wargaza wasu tsirarun da suka makale a tsibirin ba za su iya tsammanin ceto ba kuma dole ne su dogara da nasu albarkatun—fara gwagwarmayar rayuwa da mutuwa.
Babban "hutun mafarki" na maza masu luwadi da madigo da Psychology A Yau ya yi nazari a kai an yi "maurin rai da rai a wani tsibiri mai zafi tare da mambobi da yawa na kishiyar jinsi". [10]
Kasuwar tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Essex
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin shekara ta 1820, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa na Burtaniya <i id="mwAo0">Essex</i> sun shafe lokaci a tsibirin Henderson na Biritaniya. Nan suka zagaya kan tsuntsaye, kifaye, da ciyayi, suka sami wata ‘yar karamar magudanar ruwa. Bayan mako guda, sun lalata albarkatun tsibirin kuma yawancin ma'aikatan jirgin sun tafi a kan kwale-kwale uku na whale, yayin da uku daga cikin mutanen suka yanke shawarar ci gaba da kasancewa a tsibirin kuma suka tsira a can har tsawon watanni hudu har sai an ceto su. [11]
Strathmore
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wadanda suka tsira daga Strathmore na Burtaniya sun rayu tsawon watanni bakwai a wani karamin tsibiri na tsibiran Crozet na Faransa daga shekara ta 1875 zuwa shekarr 1876. Sun tsira ta hanyar cin ƙwai da naman geese, albatrosses da sauran tsuntsayen teku. Sun kuma ci tushen kayan lambu da kifi. Rayuwa ita ce shigar da sauran littafin Survival on the Crozet Islands: The Wreck of the Strathmore a cikin shekara ta 1875 . [12]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lew, Josh (April 23, 2018). "10 (almost) deserted islands". MNN Galleries. Archived from the original on December 28, 2019. Retrieved July 8, 2019. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "devona" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Mars Researchers Rendezvous on Remote Arctic Island". Langley Research Center, Atmospheric Science Data Center, NASA. Archived from the original on April 29, 2017. Retrieved July 8, 2019. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "devonb" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Frédéric Ducarme. "Les aires protégées à l'épreuve de la réalité". Société Française d'Ecologie. Archived from the original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved 2020-03-23.
- ↑ kuschk (3 May 2012). "Devon Island: The Largest Uninhabited Island on Earth". Basement Geographer. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 27 February 2014.
- ↑ "About Tetepare Island". Tetepare.org. Archived from the original on November 18, 2019. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- ↑ Kalin, Brahim (March 10, 2018). "'Hayy ibn Yaqdhan' and the European Enlightenment". Daily Sabah. Archived from the original on June 24, 2020. Retrieved April 14, 2020.
- ↑ Empire Islands: Castaways, Cannibals, And Fantasies of Conquest, by Rebecca Weaver-Hightower, University of Minnesota P, 2007, ISBN 978-0816648634
- ↑ Cyril Glasse (2001), New Encyclopedia of Islam, p. 202, Rowman Altamira, ISBN 0-7591-0190-6.
- ↑ Neale, Tom (July 16, 1990). "An island to oneself: the story of six years on a desert island". Ox Bow Press – via Library of Congress ISBN.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ "Lloyd's list. 1821". HathiTrust (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2017-05-10. Retrieved 2017-10-26.
- ↑ "Survival on the Crozet Islands: The Wreck of the Strathmore in 1875.: 9780908708024 - AbeBooks". Archived from the original on 2023-11-03. Retrieved 2023-09-30.