Tsohon Harshen Kurame na Faransanci
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Tsohon Harshen Alamar Faransanci ( French , sau da ywa ana rage shi zuwa VLSF ) shi ne yaren kurame a birnin Paris na ƙarni na 18 a lokacin da aka kafa makarantun kurame na farko.[ana buƙatar hujja]Bayanan farko na harshen suna cikin aikin Abbé de l'Épée, wanda ya yi tuntuɓe a mata biyu suna sadarwa a cikin alamu kuma, ta hanyar su, sun san wani yanki na 200 kurame Parisians.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Rubuce-rubucen yaren da suka yi amfani da su kaɗan ne. Épée ya ga sa hannunsu kyakkyawa amma na asali, kuma maimakon yin karatu ko yin rikodin shi, ya fara haɓaka tsarin sigina na musamman ("langage de signes méthodiques"), wanda ya ranta alamomi daga Tsohon Harshen Kurame na Faransanci kuma ya haɗa su da tsarin idiosyncratic wanda ya samo daga Harshen Faransanci. An yi amfani da kalmar "Tsohon Harshen Kurame na Faransanci" a wasu lokuta don bayyana "alamu na tsarin" na Épée, kuma sau da yawa ana ambaton shi (ba daidai ba) a matsayin mai kirkirar yaren kurame.
Épée, duk da haka, ya rinjayi yaren kurame, kuma ana iya cewa Harshen Kurame na Faransanci na zamani ya fito ne a makarantun da Épée ta kafa. Kamar yadda makarantun kurame da aka yi wahayi zuwa gare su ta hanyar samfurin Épée suka tashi a duniya, harshe ya shafi ci gaban wasu yarukan kurame da yawa, gami da Harshen Kurame na Amurka. Daga ƙamus na "alamu masu tsari" cewa Abbé de l'Épée da magajinsa, Abbé Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard, an buga, mutum na iya ganin cewa yawancin alamun da aka bayyana suna da zuriya kai tsaye a cikin yarukan kurame a yau.
Pierre Desloges, wanda shi kurma ne da kansa kuma ɗan zamani ne na Abbe de l'Épée, ya bayyana wani ɓangare na Tsohon Harshen Kurame na Faransanci a cikin abin da zai iya zama littafi na farko da kurma ya taɓa bugawa (1779). Harshen da aka yi amfani da shi tabbas game da yiwuwar ƙamus na sararin samaniya. Ɗaya daga cikin siffofin ilimin lissafi da Desloges ya lura shine amfani da kalmomin shugabanci, kamar aikatau "don so".
Daga 'yan bayanin da suka wanzu, masana harsuna na zamani ba su iya gina cikakken hoto na Tsohon Harshen Kurame na Faransanci ba, amma bincike mai gudana yana ci gaba da gano ƙarin ɓangarorin rikitarwa. Ba a san yadda aka samo yaren ba ko kuma tsawon lokacin da yaren ke bunkasa kafin Épée ya kafa makarantarsa. Koyaya, shaidu sun nuna cewa duk lokacin da akwai isasshen yawan kurame, yaren kurame zai tashi ba zato ba tsammani (cf. Harshen Kurame na Nicaragua). Kamar yadda Paris ta kasance birni mafi girma a Faransa na daruruwan shekaru (kuma tare da mazauna 565,000 a cikin 1750), Harshen Kurame na Faransanci dan takara ne mai kyau ga ɗayan tsofaffin yarukan kurame a Turai.
Tsohon Harshen Kurame na Faransanci ba shi da alaƙa da Tsohon Faransanci, wanda aka yi magana daga kimanin 1000 zuwa 1300.
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