Tsuntsu mai suna Souimanga
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Souimanga sunbird (Cinnyris sovimanga) ƙaramin tsuntsu ne na dangin sunbird, Nectariniidae. Ya fito ne daga tsibiran yammacin Tekun Indiya inda yake faruwa a Madagascar, rukunin Aldabra da tsibirin Glorioso.
Tarihin lissafi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Masanin halitta dan kasar Jamus Johann Friedrich Gmelin ya kwatanta souimanga sunbird a hukumance a cikin 1788 a cikin bita da fadada bugunsa na Systema Naturae na Carl Linnaeus. Ya sanya shi tare da masu rarrafe itace a cikin jinsin Certhia kuma ya ƙirƙira sunan binomial Certhia sovimanga. . [2] Takamaiman ma'anar sovimanga ya fito ne daga sunan Faransanci na tsuntsu, Souï-manga . Gmelin ya kafa labarinsa a kan "Le grimpereau violet de Madagascar" wanda masanin ilimin dabbobi na Faransa Mathurin Jacques Brisson da Le Soui-Manga suka bayyana a shekara ta 1778 da Comte de Buffon.[3][4] An sanya tsuntsu mai suna souimanga a cikin babban nau'in Cinnyris wanda masanin halitta na Faransa Georges Cuvier ya gabatar a shekara ta 1816.[5]
An san nau'o'i biyar: [5]
- C. s. sovimanga (Gmelin, JF, 1788) - Tsibirin Glorieuses (arewa maso yammacin Madagascar) da Madagascar (sai dai kudu)
A baya an bi da nau'in C. s. abbotti a matsayin nau'in daban, Abbott's sunbird (Cinnyris abbotti).[5][6]
Bayyanawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Souimanga sunbird yana da tsawon santimita 10 (inci 3.9) tare da tsawon fikafikan santimita 13 (5.1 in). Lissafin baƙar fata yana da tsayi, sirara kuma mai lanƙwasa. Maza daga cikin waɗanda aka zaɓa suna da ƙanƙara koren kai, baya da makogwaro. Nono baƙar fata ne tare da maɗaurin ja mai ci gaba ko ƙasa da haka yayin da ciki rawaya ne kuma fuka-fuki da wutsiya masu launin ruwan kasa. Akwai raƙuman rawaya a gefen ƙirjin waɗanda ke fitowa a bayyane lokacin da tsuntsaye suka ɗaga fikafikansu a baje kolin neman aure. Maza suna yiwuwa su shiga cikin duhun duhu a watan Maris-Afrilu, suna rasa mafi yawan gashin gashi da jajayen fuka-fukan na 'yan watanni. Mata suna da sassan sama masu launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, ciki mai rawaya mara nauyi da launin toka da makogwaro da nono mai alamar duhu. Yara suna kama da manyan mata amma gaɓoɓi da makogwaro wani lokaci baƙi ne kuma na sama yana iya zama mafi yawan zaitun..[7]
Subspecies C. s. Abbotti' ya fi girma - 11 centimeters (4.3 in) tsawo tare da 14 centimeters (5.5 in) fuka-fuki. Maza suna da jan ƙirji mai faɗi kuma babu rawaya a ƙarƙashin ɓangarorin da ke da launin ruwan kasa (ssp. abbotti) ko baƙar fata (ssp, buchenorum).
Tsuntsaye maza na rukuni mai suna da fuka-fuki na c.50-58 millimeters (2.0-2.3 in), wutsiyoyi na c.31-41 millimeters (1.2-1.6 in) da 20-25 millimeters (0.79-0.98 in) tsawo kudi. Mata suna auna 10% ƙasa.[8]
Wannan tsuntsu yana da kiran jirgin sama mai ƙarfi da kuma kiran ƙararrawa mai ƙarfi. Maza ne kawai ke raira waƙa; Waƙar da ke da sauri da kuma maimaita kalmomi akai-akai.
Halin da muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tare da fararen ido na Madagascar da cisticola na Madagascar, tsuntsayen sunbird sune ƙananan tsuntsayen ƙasa da suka fi yawa a duk faɗin kewayon su; [8] adadi mai yawa na nau'in yanzu da fararen idon suna cikin watakila kilomita 4 (1.5 sq na mazaunin a cikin Tsibirin Glorioso.[9] IUCN ta dauki shi a matsayin nau'in mafi ƙarancin damuwa.
Ana iya samun souimanga sunbird a wurare dabam-dabam daga dazuzzukan tsaunuka zuwa gandun daji da tarkace da kuma a wuraren shakatawa, lambuna da sauran abubuwan da mutum ya gyaru. Suna amfani da lissafin su mai lanƙwasa don bincika furanni don nectar kuma suna ciyar da kwari da gizo-gizo. Suna da 'yan maƙiyan halitta kuma gidajensu ba su da isa ga yawancin mafarauta.
Kiwo
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsawon lokacin kiwo yana daga Agusta zuwa Maris akan Aldabra aƙalla. Gidan gida mai siffar kubba kuma yana da ramin shiga a gefe. Anyi shi da kayan shuka irin su ciyawa mai tushe, zaren kwakwa da ganye. Yawancin lokaci ana dakatar da shi daga reshe kimanin mita 1 zuwa 2 (3 ft 3 in zuwa 6 ft 7 in) a sama da ƙasa amma ana iya gina shi a kan gini ko a cikin nutsewar murjani. Ana sanya ƙwai biyu kuma ana yin su har tsawon kwanaki 13 zuwa 14; fari ne da jajayen mottling. Tsuntsaye matasa sun gudu bayan kwanaki 16 zuwa 18. Gine-ginen gida da ƙwan ƙwai mace ce ke yin ta wanda ita ma ta taka rawar gani fiye da namiji wajen ciyar da kajin.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]-
C. s. sovimanga -
C. s. sovimanga roosting at night, Ranomafana National Park
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- ↑ Samfuri:Cite iucn
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
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- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Dippers, leafbirds, flowerpeckers, sunbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
- ↑ Warren, B.H.; Bermingham, E.; Bowie, R.C.K.; Prys-Jones, R.P.; Thébaud, C. (2003). "Molecular phylogeography reveals island colonization history and diversification of western Indian Ocean sunbirds (Nectarinia: Nectariniidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 29 (1): 67–85. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00063-0.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Benson, C.W.; Beamish, H.H.; Jouanin, C.; Salvau, J.; Watson, G.E. (1975). "The birds of the Iles Glorieuses" (PDF). Atoll Research Bulletin. 176: 1–34. doi:10.5479/si.00775630.176.1.
- ↑ Rocamora, G.; Feare, C.J.; Skerrett, A.; Athanase, M.; Greig, E. (2003). "The breeding avifauna of Cosmoledo Atoll (Seychelles) with special reference to seabirds: conservation status and international importance". Bird Conservation International. 13 (2): 151–174. doi:10.1017/S0959270903003137.