UEFA
Kungiyar Kungiyar Kwallon Kafa ta Turai, tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi shida na nahiyar a cikin ƙwallon ƙafa. Yana kula da kwallon kafa, futsal da Kwallon rairayin bakin teku a Turai da ƙasashen Turkiyya, Azerbaijan, Georgia da Kazakhstan, da kuma ƙasashen Yammacin Asiya na Cyprus, Armenia da Isra'ila. UEFA ta kunshi membobin 55 na kungiyar kasa. Tun daga shekara ta 2022, saboda mamayewar Rasha a Ukraine, FIFA da UEFA sun dakatar da dukkan kungiyoyin kasar Rasha da kungiyoyi daga duk wani gasa na FIFA da UEFA.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An kaddamar da UEFA a hukumance a ranar 15 ga Yuni 1954 a Basel, Switzerland, bayan shawarwari tsakanin kungiyoyin Italiya, Faransanci, da Belgium. A taron kafa, mambobi 25 sun halarci taron. Koyaya, wasu ƙungiyoyi shida waɗanda ba su kasance ba har yanzu an san su a matsayin membobin kafa, wanda ya kawo jimlar ƙungiyoyin kafa zuwa 31. UEFA ta karu zuwa mambobi sama da 50 a tsakiyar shekarun 1990, yayin da aka haifi sabbin ƙungiyoyi daga ragargajewar Tarayyar Soviet, Yugoslavia da Czechoslovakia a cikin jihohin su. Babban hedkwatar UEFA bayan kafuwarta tana cikin Paris, amma ta koma Bern a shekarar 1960. A ƙarshe, sun koma Nyon, Switzerland, a cikin 1995, suna buɗe hedkwatar kungiyar ta yanzu a shekarar 1999.
Kasancewar membobin UEFA sun dace da mafi yawanci tare da amincewa a matsayin ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta a Turai (48 daga cikin mambobi 55 sune kasashe membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya masu cin gashin kansu), kodayake akwai wasu banbanci. Ɗaya daga cikin membobin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (Monaco) da kuma wata ƙasa mai lura da Majalisar Dinkinobho (Vatican City) ba membobin ba ne. Wasu mambobin UEFA ba jihohi masu zaman kansu ba ne, amma suna cikin wani ɓangare na babbar ƙasa mai zaman kanta a cikin yanayin dokar kasa da kasa. Wadannan sun hada da Ingila, Arewacin Ireland, Scotland da Wales (kasashe masu zaman kansu na Burtaniya), Gibraltar (ƙasar ƙasashen waje ta Burtaniya), Tsibirin Faroe (Danish Realm), da Kosovo (jiha da ke da iyakantaccen sanarwa), duk da haka, a cikin mahallin waɗannan ƙasashe, ana gudanar da ayyukan gwamnati game da wasanni a matakin yanki tare da ƙungiyar memba ta UEFA. UEFA a baya ta ki zama memba ga waɗanda aka ɗauka a matsayin ƙasashe marasa ikon mallakar kamar Jersey.