Ugali
| Ugali | |
|---|---|
swallow (en)  | |
 | |
| Kayan haɗi |
tuwon masara Abincin Mielie |
| Tarihi | |
| Asali | Kenya |
Ugali, wanda aka fi sani da posho, nsima, papa, pap, mogobe, sadza, isitshwala, akume, amawe, ewokple, akle, da sauran sunaye, wani nau'in abincin masara ne da aka yi daga masara ko masara ko garin <i id="mwGA">mahindi</i> a ƙasashe da dama na Afirka: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Lesotho, Eswatini, Angola, Mozambique, Namibia, Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo, Rwanda, Malawi, Botswana da Afirka ta Kudu, kuma a Yammacin Afirka ta ' yan tumaki na Togo, Ghana, Benin, Najeriya da Ivory Coast . Ana dafa shi da ruwan zãfi ko madara har sai ya kai ga daidaiton kullu mai tauri ko mai tauri. A shekarar 2017, an ƙara abincin a cikin Jerin Wakilan UNESCO na Gadon Al'adu na Bil Adama, ɗaya daga cikin wasu abinci da ke cikin jerin. [1]
Sunaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ana cin wannan abincin a ko'ina cikin Afirka, inda yake da sunaye daban-daban na gida:
- Agidi – Igbo, Nigeria
- Akple – Ewe, Akumè – Mina – Togo
- Aseeda – Sudan
- Akawunga- Uganda
- Busuma [Bukusu] – Kenya
- Bando – Soga, Uganda
- Bidia – DR Congo[2]
- Bugali – Burundi, DR Congo, Sudan, South Sudan, Rwanda
- Bogobe/Bušwa – BaPedi
- Buhobe – Lozi[3]
- Buru – Kenya, Luo
- Busima – Bagisu, Uganda
- Chenge – Kenya, Luo
- Chima – Mozambique
- Couscous de Cameroon – Cameroon
- Dona
- Fitah – Sudan, South Sudan, Congo
- Kabato – Ivory Coast
- Fufu – Sierra Leone, Nigeria
- Funge de milho – Angola (northern)
- Isitshwala – Ndebele(Matabele)
- Isishwala – South Africa, Bhaca people
- Kawunga – Ganda, Uganda
- Kimnyet – Kalenjin, Kenya
- Kuon – Kenya, Luo
- Kwen wunga – Alur, Uganda
- La boule - Chad
- Lipalishi – Eswatini
- Mdoko – Zulu, South Africa
- Mieliepap – Lesotho,[2] South Africa[2][4]
- Mogo – Kenya, Luo
- Moteke – DR Congo[2]
- Mutuku – South Africa[2]
- Nfundi – Congo[2]
- Ngima – Kamba, Kikuyu, Embu, Kenya
- Nkima – Kenya, Meru
- Nshima – DR Congo Kasai region, Zambia[5]
- Nsima – Malawi,[2] Zambia[2]
- Obokima – Kenya, Kisii
- Obusuma – Kenya, Nyole tribe[6]
- Eko – Nigeria, Yoruba
- Oshifima – Namibia Ovambo
- Phaletšhe – Botswana, Namibia, South Africa (Setswana)
- Pap – Botswana, Namibia, South Africa[7]
- Papa/Bogobe – Lesotho,[2] South Africa[2]
- Pâte or Wô [French] – Togo, Benin
- Phuthu/phalishi – Zulu people, South Africa[8]
- Pirão – Angola (southern)
- Posho – Uganda[9]
- Saab – Ghana, Kusasi
- Sadza – Shona[2][10]
- Sakora – Nigeria
- Sakoro – Ghana
- Sembe – Tanzania, Kenya slang
- Shadza – Kalanga
- Shima
- Shishima – Zambia
- Sima – Kenya, Chewa,[11] Tumbuka, and Ngoni[3]
- Soor – Somalia,[2] Zambia[2]
- Tuozafi (or T.Z.) – Ghana
- Tuwo – Hausa, Nigeria
- Ubugali – Rwanda
- Ubwali – Bemba[3]
- Ugali – Kenya,[2] Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania,[2] Uganda,[2] Yao, Swahili
- Um'ratha – Ndebele people, South Africa
- Upswa – Mozambique[2]
- Bohobe – Sotho, South Africa, Lesotho
- Vhuswa – Venda people, South Africa
- Vuswa – Tsonga people, South Africa
- Wari – Mijikenda tribes, Kenyan Coast
- Xima – Mozambique[2]
Asalin Ma'anar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmar ugali kalma ce ta Afirka da aka samo daga Swahili ; kuma an san ta da suna nsima a cikin harsunan Malawi kamar Chichewa da Chitumbuka . A wasu sassan Kenya, abincin kuma ana kiransa da sunan sembe ko ugali . A Zimbabwe ana kiransa sadza a cikin Chishona ko isitshwala a cikin Ndebele Sunan Afirka (mielie) pap ya fito ne daga Yaren mutanen Holland, wanda kalmar ke nufin "(masara) porridge ".
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An gabatar da Ugali a Afirka jim kaɗan bayan da Turawan Portugal suka gabatar da masara. An gabatar da masara zuwa Afirka daga Amurka tsakanin ƙarni na 16 da 17. Kafin wannan, dawa da gero sune manyan hatsi a yawancin ƙasashen kudu da hamadar Sahara . Manoma na Afirka sun karɓi masara cikin sauƙi saboda noman ta yayi kama da na dawa amma tare da yawan amfanin gona mai yawa. Daga ƙarshe, masara ta maye gurbin dawa a matsayin babban hatsi a duk yankuna banda busassun yankuna. An maye gurbin waɗannan amfanin gona da masara gaba ɗaya a ƙarshen rabin ƙarni na 20. [12] A Malawi, suna da karin magana " chimanga ndi moyo " wanda ke fassara zuwa "masara ita ce rai". [13] Har yanzu ana yin Nshima/nsima wani lokacin daga garin dawa duk da cewa ba kasafai ake samun wannan ba. Rogo, wanda aka gabatar daga Amurka, ana iya amfani da shi don yin nshima/nsima, ko dai kawai ko a haɗa shi da garin masara. A Malawi nsima da aka yi da rogo (chinangwa) yana nan a yankunan bakin teku; duk da haka, idan girbin masara bai yi kyau ba, ana iya samun rogo nsima a ko'ina cikin ƙasar. [14]
Nau'o'i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manyan Tafkunan Afirka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana ba da Ugali (idan aka dafa shi a matsayin porridge, ana kiransa uji) tare da dankali mai zaki, ayaba mai cikakke, dankalin Irish har ma da burodi. Yawanci ana ba da ugali mai tauri tare da kayan lambu na gargajiya, stew ko sukuma wiki (wanda kuma aka sani da ganyen collard). [15] Ita ce sitaci mafi yawan abinci da ake samu a cikin abincin gida na yankin Manyan Tafkunan Afirka da Kudancin Afirka . Idan aka yi ugali daga wani sitaci, yawanci ana ba shi takamaiman suna na yanki. [16]
Hanyar gargajiya ta cin ugali (kuma mafi yawanta a yankunan karkara) ita ce a naɗe dunƙule a yi ƙwallo da hannun dama sannan a tsoma shi a cikin miya ko miyar kayan lambu ko nama. Yin ɗigon da babban yatsa yana ba wa ugali damar diba, sannan a naɗe guntun nama don ɗaukar su kamar yadda ake amfani da burodi mai laushi a wasu al'adu. Haka kuma ana iya cin ugali da ya rage da shayi washegari da safe. [17]
Ugali yana da araha sosai kuma don haka talakawa suna iya samunsa cikin sauƙi, waɗanda galibi suke haɗa shi da miyar nama ko kayan lambu (misali, sukuma wiki a Kenya ) don yin abincin cikawa. Ugali yana da sauƙin yi, kuma garin zai iya daɗewa na dogon lokaci a matsakaicin yanayi.
Ghana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Sagtulga (Dagbani: saɣituliga, Hausa: tuo zaafi ), ko diehuo, babban abinci ne da mutanen Ghana suka fi so. Sagtulga babban abinci ne da ake ci tare da miya kamar miyar okro. Ya fi yawa a yankunan arewacin ƙasar: Arewa, Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Yammacin Yamma . Yawanci ana cin abincin ne don abincin dare, amma wasu mutane (misali, manoma da ma'aikatan hannu) suna cin sa don karin kumallo ko abincin rana. Yawanci ana cin sa da ganyen Corchorus olitorius da aka haɗa (Dagbani: salinvogu, Hausa: ayoyo, molokai ) [1] da okro ( Abelmoschus esculentus ) tare da miyar a gefe.
Abincin ya ƙunshi garin masara da aka dafa da ɗan busasshen garin rogo da ruwa ba tare da gishiri ba. [18] A al'ada, ana yin sa ne da garin gero, wanda asalinsa asalinsa daga arewacin Ghana ne.
Ana cin sa ne da miyar kayan lambu kore da aka yi da ganyen ɗaci, ko kuma wani lokacin ganyen rogo da aka niƙa sabo. Ana iya haɗa shi da miya iri-iri, ciki har da miyar okra da miyar gyada.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "UNESCO - Nsima, culinary tradition of Malawi". ich.unesco.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-06-26.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 McCann 2009, p. 137.
- 1 2 3 Tembo, Mwizenge S. "Nshima and Ndiwo: Zambian Staple Food". Hunger For Culture (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 24 February 2017. Retrieved 2018-02-18.
- ↑ "Mealiepap, n." Dictionary of South African English. Dictionary Unit for South African English, 2018. 25 February 2019
- ↑ "Kitwe man confesses to killing colleague over nshima after 2 years of guilt". Zambia: News Diggers! (in Turanci). 2024-11-16. Retrieved 2025-03-03.
- ↑ "Kenya Information Guide Home page". Retrieved 24 June 2013.
- ↑ "Pap, n." Dictionary of South African English. Dictionary Unit for South African English, 2018. 25 February 2019.
- ↑ "Putu, n." Dictionary of South African English. Dictionary Unit for South African English, 2018. 25 February 2019.
- ↑ "Ugandan food recipes - POSHO (UGALI) – Wattpad". www.wattpad.com. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ↑ "Sadza, n." Dictionary of South African English. Dictionary Unit for South African English, 2018. 25 February 2019
- ↑ Gough, Amy (2004). "The Chewa". The Peoples of The World Foundation. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
- ↑ McCann 2009.
- ↑ "Food & Daily life". Our Africa. Retrieved 7 May 2015.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Emma Kambewa (November 2010). "Cassava Commercialization in Malawi" (PDF) (MSU International Development Working Paper). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
- ↑ "Ugali & Sukuma Wiki". Rehema Home (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-06.
- ↑ "HOW TO COOK THE PERFECT UGALI / Nairobi Kitchen". HOW TO COOK THE PERFECT UGALI / Nairobi Kitchen. 2017-07-15. Retrieved 2020-05-19.
- ↑ App, Daily Nation. "Fancy a piece of ugali cake with your tea?". mobile.nation.co.ke (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
- ↑ "Ayoyo soup and tuo zaafi". infoboxdaily.com. Archived from the original on 2015-05-27. Retrieved 2015-05-27.