Umatilla harshe

 

Tamalúut ko Imatalamłaamí Sɨ́nwit) iri-iri ne na Kudancin Sahaptin, ɓangare na dangin Sahabti na ƙungiyar Penutian Plateau . An yi magana da shi a cikin ƙarshen zamani na asali tare da Kogin Columbia don haka ana kiransa Columbia River Sahaptin. A halin yanzu ana magana da shi azaman yaren farko ta wasu dattawa goma sha biyu da wasu manya a cikin Umatilla Reservation a Oregon. Wasu majiyoyi sun ce Umatilla ya samo asali ne daga imatilám-hlama : hlama yana nufin 'masu rayuwa a' ko 'mutanen' kuma ana ci gaba da muhawara game da ma'anar imatilám, amma an ce tsibirin ne a cikin kogin Columbia. B. Rigsby da N. Rude sun ambaci ƙauyen ímatalam da ke bakin kogin Umatilla kuma inda ake yin yaren.

Umatillas suna furta kalmar ímatalam . Ana kiran mutumin Umatilla imatalamłá (tare da orthographic ł mai wakiltar IPA /ɬ/ ) kuma ana kiran mutanen Umatilla imatalamłáma . Nez Perce yana nufin mutanen Umatilla a matsayin hiyówatalampoo . Duba Aoki (1994:171).

Ƙoƙarin amfani da farfaɗowa

Tun daga 2013, akwai kusan masu magana da yaren farko 50 na Umatilla. Ana koyar da yaren a Makarantar Jama'a ta Nixyaawii. "Akwai malamai shida masu koyar da harshe na cikakken lokaci a cikin CTUIR ( Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyar Umatilla Indian Reservation ) Nixyaawii Community School ya ba da Umatilla, Walla Walla da Nez Perce azuzuwan yaren shekaru goma da suka gabata kuma shirin Cay-Uma-Wa Head Start shine ana haɓakawa don isa ga yara tun suna ƙanana. Akwai kuma albarkatun bidiyo ta yanar gizo da makarantar immersion ta Tamaluut, sabon shirin nutsar da harshe ga yara masu shekaru uku zuwa biyar." Wíyat'ish Naknúwit "Don gaba" Aikin Harshen, ya horar da masu magana ta hanyar amfani da shirin Jagora-Kyauta. Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Indiya ta kasance tare da haɗin gwiwar Tamastslikt na Shirin Haɓaka Harshe da Sashen Ilimi. A cikin 2015, za a ba da umarnin Umatilla a matakin sakandare. Akwai sha'awar daidaita tsarin karatu don Umatilla wanda aka yi amfani da shi cikin nasara ga Okanagan Salish a Makarantar Salish na Spokane.

An buga ƙamus na Umatilla a cikin 2014 tare da Jami'ar Washington Press. Kamus na rubuta harshen mutanen Umatilla gabas da tsaunukan Cascade a Oregon da Washington. Yin aiki na shekaru da yawa tare da tarin ƙwararrun masana ilimin harshe da masana ilimin ɗan adam da kuma dattijai a kan ajiyar Umatilla, masanin harshe na kabilanci Noel Rude yana da rubuce-rubucen kalmomi, lafuzza, jimloli, da sauran abubuwa na harshen Umatilla. Kamus ɗin ya haɗa da nahawu da bayanan kwatance waɗanda ke sanya harshen Umatilla a cikin mahallin harshe da na tarihi kuma ya tattara duk sanannun kalmominsa, jimloli, da gine-gine. Kamus na Umatilla muhimmin aiki ne ga mutanen Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasar Indiya na Umatilla, Ƙasar Yakama, da Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Warm Springs kuma yana ƙara haɓaka aikin harshe da kabilu da masana ke yi a kan harsunan da ke cikin haɗari.

Fassarar sauti

Rigsby da Rude suna amfani da haruffan fasaha bisa la'akarin sautin muryar Amurkawa don rubuta Umatilla, kodayake akwai wasu ƙa'idodi masu amfani.

Wasula

	gaba	tsakiya	baya
babba	i, iː	ɨ	u, uː
ƙananan		a, aː