Uria Simango
| Rayuwa | |
|---|---|
| Haihuwa |
Sofala (en) |
| ƙasa | Mozambik |
| Mutuwa | 1979 |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Yara |
view
|
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
ɗan siyasa, Mai kare Haƙƙin kai da independence fighter (en) |
| Imani | |
| Jam'iyar siyasa |
FRELIMO National Coalition Party (en) Revolutionary Committee of Mozambique (en) |
Uria Timothy Simango (15 Maris 1926 - c. Oktoba 1979) [1] ya kasance ministan Presbyterian Mozambique kuma fitaccen jagoran kungiyar yaƙin neman Ƴancin Mozambique (FRELIMO) a lokacin gwagwarmayar 'yantar daga hannun ƴan mulkin mallaka na Portugal. Ba a san takamaiman ranar mutuwarsa ba yayin da aka kashe shi ba bisa ka'ida ba tare da wasu 'yan adawa na FRELIMO da matarsa, Celina [2] ta gwamnatin bayan samun 'yancin kai ta Samora Machel.
Rashin amincewa da siyasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Simango ya kasance memba na FRELIMO, wanda ya kasance mataimakin shugaban ƙasa tun daga kafuwarta a shekarar 1962 har zuwa lokacin da aka kashe shugabanta na farko, Eduardo Mondlane, a cikin watan Fabrairu 1969. Simango ya gaji Mondlane a matsayin shugaban FRELIMO amma, a gwagwarmayar neman mulki bayan mutuwar Mondlane, an fafata a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa. A cikin watan Afrilun 1969, an maye gurbin shugabancinsa da mai nasara, inda aka raba rawar da ya taka tare da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Marxist Samora Machel da Marcelino dos Santos. [3] A ƙarshen shekarun 1960, FRELIMO ta sami rauni sakamakon rikicin ‘yan uwantaka tare da wasu ‘yan jam’iyyar da ke mutuwa saboda wasu dalilai da ba su dace ba.
Triumvirate bai dawwama ba; An kori Simango daga kwamitin tsakiya a watan Nuwamba 1969, kuma Samora Machel da Marcelino dos Santos sun karɓi iko gaba ɗaya. A cikin watan Afrilu 1970, Simango ya tafi Misira inda, tare da wasu 'yan adawa kamar Paulo Gumane, Mataimakin Babban Sakatare na FRELIMO, wanda ya kafa FRELIMO, ya zama jagoran COREMO, wani ƙananan 'yan gwagwarmaya.[4] In the late 1960s, FRELIMO was blighted by fratricidal infighting with a number of party members dying of unnatural causes.[5][6][7]
Bayan juyin juya halin Carnation na Portugal a shekarar 1974, Simango ya koma Mozambique kuma ya kafa sabuwar jam'iyyar siyasa, jam'iyyar National Coalition Party (PCN), da fatan tsayawa takara tare da FRELIMO. Ya kasance tare da shi a cikin PCN da wasu fitattun mutane na gwagwarmayar 'yanci da kuma masu adawa da FRELIMO: Father Mateus Gwengere, Joana Simeão, da FRELIMO mambobi masu kafa Paulo Gumane da Adelino Gwambe.
FRELIMO ya yi adawa da zaɓen jam'iyyu da yawa. Bayan shekarar 1974 gwamnatin Portugal ta miƙa mulki ga FRELIMO ita kaɗai kuma Mozambik ta sami 'yancin kanta a ranar 25 ga watan Yuni 1975. Machel da dos Santos sun zama shugabanta na farko da mataimakin shugaban ƙasa. An naɗa Graça Machel a matsayin Ministan Ilimi da Joaquim Chissano a matsayin Ministan Harkokin Waje. An kama Uria Simango kuma an tilasta masa yin ikirari mai shafuka 20 na jama'a a ranar 12 ga watan Mayu 1975 a sansanin FRELIMO a Nachigwea, yana mai da martani da neman sake karatu. Daga nan sai ya zama dole ya karanta ta a bayyane a gaban dubban mayakan FRELIMO. Furucin Simango ya haɗa da da'awar, zargin abokan aikinsu da kasancewa wakilan hidimomin sirri na Portugal, da kuma hannu a kisan Mondlane. Waɗannan "ikirari" ba a ganin su a matsayin abin dogaro, har ma a cikin shugabancin Mozambique na yanzu.
Simango da sauran shugabannin PCN ba su sami 'yanci ba. Simango, Gumane, Simeao, Gwambe, Gwengere da sauransu duk an kashe su a asirce a wani lokaci da ba a tantance ba a tsakanin shekarun 1977 – 1980. An kashe matar Simango, Celina Simango, daban bayan shekara ta 1981, amma babu cikakkun bayanai ko kwanakin mutuwarta a bayanan jama'a. Ba a taɓa bayyana wurin da aka binne su ko kuma yadda aka kashe su daga hukumomi ba, ko da yake wani masani Phillip Rothwell ya yi imanin cewa an kashe Simango a watan Oktoban 1979 kuma ya yi hasashen mutuwarsa don hana yin amfani da shi a matsayin wani jigon wasu kungiyoyin 'yan tawaye kamar RENAMO. [1] A shekara ta 2005, Dos Santos ya sake tabbatar da hukuncin kisa, inda ya kira Simango da sauran 'yan adawa "masu cin amana ga al'ummar Mozambique."[ana buƙatar hujja]
Da yake babu wani tsari na shari'a, har yanzu ba a san abin da ya haifar da tuhumar cin amanar ƙasa ba. A lokacin da ya koma Mozambique a shekarar 1974, a cewar marubucin tarihin rayuwarsa Nkomo, Simango ya gudanar da tattaunawa ta wucin gadi a matsayinsa na shugaban jam'iyyar PCN tare da jam'iyyun farar fata a yunkurin neman goyon bayan dabarun yaki da mulkin jam'iyya ɗaya. Wannan ya haifar da sasantawa irin wanda aka yi shawarwari bayan shekaru biyar a cikin Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Lancaster don zaɓen jam'iyyu da yawa a Zimbabwe amma, a cikin shekarar 1974, masu tsattsauran ra'ayin FRELIMO sun ɗauke shi a matsayin cin amana.[8] In the late 1960s, FRELIMO was blighted by fratricidal infighting with a number of party members dying of unnatural causes.[9][10][11]
An buga tarihin Simango a cikin shekarar 2004.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 " A postmodern nationalist: truth orality and gender in the work of Mia Couto"" Phillip Rothwell, Bucknell University Press. Published 2004 ISBN 0-8387-5585-2 Bucknell University Press Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "rothwell" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Mozambique: the tortuous road to democracy by J. Cabrita, Macmillan, 2001. ISBN 9780333920015
- ↑ "Marcelino dos Santos | Encyclopedia.com".
- ↑ "Marcelino dos Santos | Encyclopedia.com".
- ↑ Time magazine Feb 14 1969
- ↑ Walter Opello, "Pluralism and Elite Conflict in an Independence Movement: FRELIMO in the 1960s", Journal of Southern African Studies, volume 2, number 1, October 1975, pages 66-82.
- ↑ “A Frelimo Matou Uria Simango Por Cobardia” Relato De Um Ex-Combatente[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Marcelino dos Santos | Encyclopedia.com".
- ↑ Time magazine Feb 14 1969
- ↑ Walter Opello, "Pluralism and Elite Conflict in an Independence Movement: FRELIMO in the 1960s", Journal of Southern African Studies, volume 2, number 1, October 1975, pages 66-82.
- ↑ “A Frelimo Matou Uria Simango Por Cobardia” Relato De Um Ex-Combatente[permanent dead link]
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