Utendi wa Tambuka

Utendi wa Tambuka
Waƙar almara
Bayanai
Muhimmin darasi	religious war (en) , Arab–Byzantine Wars (en) da Byzantine–Ottoman wars (en)
Nau'in	Utenzi (en)
Sunan mawallafi	Mwengo, son of Athumani or Osman
Ranar wallafa	1728
Ƙasa da aka fara	Kenya
Harshen aiki ko suna	Harshen Swahili
Umarni ta	Bwana Mkuu (en) da Bwana Tamu (en)
Set in period (en)	Postclassical Era (en)
Characters (en)	Sayyadina Aliyu, Heraclius (en) da Sayyadina Umar
Depicts (en)	Yakin Mu'tah da Fall of Constantinople (en)
Copyright status (en)	public domain (en) da public domain (en)

Utend̠i wa Tambuka, wanda aka fi sani da Utenzi wa Tambuk[notes 1] ("Labarin Tambuka"), Utenzi wa Hirqal ko Kyuo kya Hereḳali (littafin Heraclius), waka ce mai ban mamaki a cikin Harshen Swahili ta Mw Bwanaengo wa Athman, wanda aka rubuta a shekara ta 1728. [1] Yana daya daga cikin takardun farko da aka sani a cikin Swahili.

Bayyana yaƙe-yaƙe na Daular Byzantine

An san shi da lakabi daban-daban a Turanci, gami da Littafin Yaƙin Tambuka da Labarin Heraclius, labarin ya ba da labarin abubuwan da suka faru da yawa na yaƙe-yaƙe na Larabawa-Byzantine da Byzantine-Ottoman tsakanin Musulmai da Romawa (sunan zamani ga Byzantines). Sarkin sarakuna na Daular Byzantine, Heraclius ne ya wakilci Byzantines. Labarin ya kunshi wani lokaci daga 628 (Yaƙin Mu'tah) zuwa 1453 (Faduwar Constantinople). "Tambuka" shine fassarar Swahili na Saudi Arabia">Tabuk, birni da ke arewa maso yammacin Saudi Arabia.

Yin soyayya

Tsohon rubutun rubutun epic an rubuta shi ne a 1141 Anno Hegirae, wanda ya dace da 1728 AZ. An rubuta shi a Yunga, fadar sarauta a tsohuwar garin Pate (an lalata fadar tun daga lokacin). A cikin sashi na 1124-1125, marubucin ya lura cewa "sarkin Yung" (wato, Sultan na Pate na lokacin) ya nemi ya rubuta wani labari game da ayyukan jaruntaka na mabiyan farko na annabin Musulunci Muhammadu. Marubucin ya bayyana kansa a daya daga cikin sassan karshe (1146) a matsayin Mwengo, ɗan Athumani (Uthman). Ba a san komai game da shi ba sai dai ya rubuta a kotun Sultan na Pate, cewa ba shi da saurayi a shekara ta 1728, kuma an ba shi wasu waƙoƙi. Har ila yau, yana da ɗa, Abu Bakr bin Mwengo, wanda ya rubuta kwaikwayon tarihin mahaifinsa a wani wuri a tsakiyar karni na 18.

Kamar sauran rubuce-rubuce na wannan lokacin a cikin Swahili, Utendi wa Tambuka an rubuta shi a Rubutun Larabci. Harshen da aka yi amfani da shi shine yaren arewacin Swahili da ake kira Kiamu; wasu rubuce-rubuce, duk da haka, suna nuna tasiri daga wani yaren arewa, Kigunya, yayin da wasu ke nuna alamun Kiunguja, yaren Zanzibar.

Hanyar da ake ciki

Utendi wa Tambuka babban misali ne na nau'in waka na Swahili na utenzi . Tsarin ayar Utenzi ya ƙunshi layi huɗu, tare da kowane layi yana da kalmomi takwas. Kalmomin karshe na layi uku na farko suna da alaƙa da juna, yayin da layi na huɗu yana da alaƙa wanda ke da mahimmanci a duk faɗin tarihin. Wannan rhyme na ƙarshe don haka yana aiki don ɗaure duk sassan epic tare. Yawancin kalmomin Swahili suna da damuwa ta ƙarshe, wanda ke haifar da kowane layi yana da aƙalla damuwa ta ƙarshe. A cikin layin kalmomi takwas babu ƙarin buƙatun mita. Za'a iya kwatanta nau'in aya ta hanyar sashi na farko na waka:

Bisimillahi kut̠ubu

wanda Mola Wahhabu

Arraḥamani eribu

a Arraḥimu ukyowa

Lines uku na farko duk sun ƙare a -bu. Sashe na ƙarshe na layi na huɗu ya ƙare a cikin wasali a, kuma ana samun wannan sauti a ƙarshen kowane sashi na waka. Lokacin da aka karanta, wannan sashi na ƙarshe ana ci gaba da shi na ɗan lokaci kuma ana ba da jaddadawa.

Abun ciki

The plot depicts a religious war between the Byzantines and the Muslims. Muhammad sends a letter to East Roman/Byzantine Heraclius, in which he tells him that the Byzantine belief that Jesus is the son of God is incorrect. Heraclius declares his intent to persevere in his adherence to Christianity on the grounds that the Byzantines have inherited their belief from their ancestors. The Muslims attack and, after epic struggles, eventually defeat the Byzantines. Heraclius' minister and his associates are captured and once again given the choice to accept Islam or die; they refuse to be converted and are executed.

Babban mutum na waka, kuma mafi jaruntaka, shine Ali, cikakken dan uwan a gefen mahaifin Muhammadu. An ba shi lakabi da Haydar, zaki, kuma a cikin waƙar ana amfani da wasu sunayen yabo da yawa a kansa. Ali ya auri 'yar Muhammad mai daraja, Fatimah .

Jarumi na biyu a cikin girman shine Umar .

See also

• Swahili literature