Väinö Tanner

Väinö Alfred Tanner (pronunciation Finnish: [ˈʋæi̯nø ˈalfred ˈtɑnːer]; 12 Maris 1881 - 19 Afrilu 1966; sunan mahaifi har zuwa 1895 Thomasson) ya kasance jagora a cikin Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party of Finland, kuma majagaba da shugaban ƙungiyar hadin gwiwa a Finland. Ya kasance Firayim Minista na Finland a 1926-1927 . fififi

Tarihin rayuwa

An haifi Tanner a Helsinki a matsayin ɗan ɗan jirgin ƙasa mai ƙanƙanta. Bayan ya yi karatu daga Makarantar Sakandare ta Ressu a shekara ta 1900, ya yi karatu a Kwalejin kasuwanci ta Suomen Liikemiesten Kauppaopisto (ɗaya daga cikin magabata biyu na Kwalejin Kasuwanci ta Helsinki ta yanzu). Ya kuma yi karatun shari'a, ya kammala karatu a matsayin lauya a shekarar 1911.

Tanner ya fara aiki a matsayin mai horo a Großeinkaufs-Gesellschaft Deutscher Consumvereine (GEG) a Hamburg, Jamus, yayin da yake dalibi, kuma a cikin 1903, bayan ya koma Finland, ya zama manajan Turun Vähäväkisten Osuusliike, sannan babbar ƙungiyar siyarwa a Finland. Daga baya aka nada shi a kwamitin kula da kungiyar hadin gwiwar 'Elanto' ta Helsinki a 1907, kuma ya zama shugaban Suomen Osuuskauppojen Keskuskunta (SOK) a 1909 kuma Shugaba na Elanto a 1915. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kungiyar hadin gwiwar kasa da kasa (ICA) daga 1927 har zuwa 1945.

Bai shiga cikin Yaƙin basasar Finland ba, yana riƙe da halin tsaka-tsaki. Lokacin da yaƙin ya ƙare ya zama babban dan siyasa na Jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party (SDP) na Finland, kuma mai goyon bayan tsarin majalisa. Babban nasarorin da ya samu shine farfado da SDP bayan yakin basasa . Väinö Tanner ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista (1926-1927), Ministan Kudi (1937-1939), Ministan Harkokin Waje (1939-1940), kuma bayan Yakin Winter Ministan Kasuwanci da Masana'antu (1941-1942) da Ministan Kudi (19942-1944).

Kyautar Väinö Tanner tana cikin jagorancin ma'aikatan Finnish daga akidarsu mai tsattsauran ra'ayi zuwa ci gaba ta hanyar tsarin dimokuradiyya. A karkashin jagorancinsa an amince da Social Democrats don kafa gwamnatin 'yan tsiraru kasa da shekaru 10 bayan yakin basasa mai zubar da jini. Gwamnatin 'yan tsiraru ta Tanner ta zartar da jerin muhimman sauye-sauyen zamantakewa a lokacin da take ofis, wanda ya hada da dokar afuwa mai sassaucin ra'ayi, rage haraji a kan abinci da aka shigo da shi, da kuma dokokin fansho da inshorar lafiya.

A lokacin da Shugaba Relander ya yi rashin lafiya, Tanner, wanda ya rike mukamin Firayim Minista, har ma ya kasance mukaddashin shugaban kasa da Babban Kwamandan. A cikin wannan rawar har ma ya karbi fareti na White guards a ranar 10th anniversary na White victory. An fahimci wannan a matsayin ci gaba mai ban mamaki a lokacin. A cikin shekarun 1930 da 1940, 'yan jam'iyyar Social Democrats sun kafa gwamnatocin hadin gwiwa da yawa tare da jam'iyyar Agrarian. A cikin Yaƙin hunturu Väinö Tanner shine ministan harkokin waje. Jagorancin Väinö Tanner yana da mahimmanci wajen samar da filin da kuma kirkirar Ruhun Yakin Winter wanda ya haɗa kan al'ummar.

Bayan karshen Ci gaba da Yaƙi, an yi wa Tanner shari'a saboda alhakin yaki a watan Fabrairun 1946, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin shekaru biyar da watanni shida a kurkuku.

Bayan Ci gaba da Yakin, kuma yayin da yake cikin kurkuku, Tanner ya zama shugaban kama-da-wane na ƙungiyar SDP wanda ke da goyon baya mai ƙarfi daga Amurka. Wannan bangare ya fito a saman bayan rikice-rikicen jam'iyya na ciki wanda ya kasance a cikin shekarun 1940. Tanner ya soki koyarwar bayan yakin da aka sani da Koyarwar Paasikivi-Kekkonen, inda aka ci gaba da kasancewa tsaka-tsaki da abokantaka da US. Tanner ya sami nasarar komawa majalisar dokokin Finland a matsayin wakilin a zaben majalisar dokoki na 1951. Ministan harkokin waje na mukaddashin a lokacin, Åke Gartz, ya nace cewa shugaban jam'iyyar Social Democratic Party Emil Skog ya kamata ya yi kokarin hana Tanner daga jam'iyyar. Skog ya mayar da martani ta hanyar cewa idan an toshe takarar Tanner saboda dalilai na manufofin kasashen waje, za a iya toshe takardar kowa a zaben da ke zuwa saboda kowane dalili. Tanner zai ci gaba da lashe zaben shugaban SDP na 1957. Tanner ya lashe tseren da kuri'a 1. Jam'iyyar ta rabu a ciki saboda rikice-rikice na Tanner kuma a ƙarshe wasu wakilan sun rabu kuma sun kafa sabuwar jam'iyya da ake kira Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders aka TPSL. TPSL daga ƙarshe ta sake haɗuwa da SDP a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1972. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida] [ana buƙatar hujja] [ana buƙatar hujja] [ana buƙatar hujja] [ana buƙatar hujja]

Tanner ya lashe zaben shugaban SDP na karshe a shekarar 1960 kuma ya yi murabus daga kujerar majalisa a shekarar 1962 da kuma shugabancin SDP a shekarar 1963, saboda haka ya zama memba na karshe na Eduskunta (majalisa ta Finland) wanda aka zaba a zaben majalisa na farko na Finland a shekarar 1907 don shiga cikin aikin majalisa. Tanner kuma shine kawai ɗan siyasan Finland wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Eduskunta na shekaru bakwai daban-daban, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin 'yan siyasa huɗu na Finland (waɗansu Veikko Vennamo, Paavo Väyrynen da Pekka Haavisto) waɗanda suka kasance ɗan takarar Shugaban Finland sau uku ba tare da nasara ba. Saboda sukar da ya yi a sama game da koyarwar Paasikivi-Kekkonen, dangantakarsa da shugaban Finland na baya Urho Kekkonen ya zama mai matukar damuwa, kuma bayan Tanner ya mutu a 1966 Kekkonen bai halarci jana'izarsa ba saboda yana kan tafiya. Sai kawai tare da albarkar wani dan majalisa mai dadewa ne aka ba da izinin shugabancin ya zama wakilin sansanin da kambi a jana'izar Tanner.

Tanner ya sadu da matarsa ta gaba Linda (née Anttila; 1882-1978) a cikin 1907 a taron kungiyar Social Democratic Association of Students . Sun shiga cikin auren doka a cikin 1909 kuma sun tsara aurensu a cikin 1918 bayan an halatta auren farar hula a Finland. Suna da 'ya'ya takwas, daya daga cikinsu, Maija Taka (1912-1984), ya zama likita da marubuci.

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