Virginia Angiola Borrino
 Virginia Angiola Borrino | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Cossato (en)  , 28 ga Maris, 1880 |
| ƙasa |
Kingdom of Italy (en) Italiya |
| Mutuwa | Torino, 14 ga Janairu, 1965 |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Italiyanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
pediatrician (en) |
Virginia Angiola Borrino (28 Maris 1880 - 14 Janairu 1965) likita ce ta Italiya kuma likitan yara ban da kasancewa farfesa a jami'a. [1] Borrino ita ce mace ta farko da ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabar sashin yara na jami'a a Italiya.[1] Ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa Ƙungiyar Mata ta Italiya (Associazione Italiana Donne Medico). [2]
Rayuwa ta farko da ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Virginia Angiola Borrino a cikin wata karamar ƙauye mai suna Mortigliengo a cikin gundumar Biella . 'Ya'ya hudu na ƙarshe, ta rasa mahaifinta yana ɗan shekara takwas kuma mahaifiyarta da ɗan'uwan mahaifinta (Quinto Borrino) suka rene ta. Aikinta na neman magani ya samo asali ne tun lokacin da take hira da wani likita, ɗaya daga cikin abokan kawunta. Ta sauke karatu a likitanci da tiyata a 1905 a Turin. Sannan ta yi shekara guda a Florence, inda ta yi aiki tare da Giuseppe Maya, wanda ya kai ta zuwa Breslavia . A lokacin karatunta, ta kuma ci gaba da sha'awar ilimin likitancin jarirai, godiya ga tasirin Doctor Angelo Mosso (kuma musamman ayyukansa Fatica da Paura ) da kuma Amedeo Herlitzka. Sha'awarta ga lafiyar yara kuma ya samo asali ne sakamakon horon aikin mata na mata, inda za ta kula da yaran da aka yi watsi da su. Mata kalilan ne a wannan lokacin a fannin likitanci. Ta kasance tana magana kadan yayin da take sauraron abokan aikinta maza. Wannan ya sa suka kira ta "crystal-lined" ( foderata di cristallo a cikin Italiyanci), kamar yadda ta kasance sau da yawa a bangarorin tattaunawar, amma har yanzu tana mai da hankali sosai.
Kwarewar aiki na farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kwarewar aikinta ta farko ta faru ne a Wrocław, amma nan da nan ta koma Charlottenburg, Berlin, inda ta yi aiki a asibitin yara na Charité yayin da take karatu tare da Farfesa Finkelstein a cikin ɗakin yara inda ta kula da jarirai da yawa daga dukkan asali, marasa lafiya da lafiya, waɗanda suka rabu da mahaifiyarsu.
Ta yi watanni biyu a birnin Paris a asibitin da Farfesa Marfan ke gudanarwa, wanda ya yi nazarin shayarwa da jarirai, sannan aka ba ta matsayi a asibitun masu zaman kansu Regina Margherita (a Turin) a matsayin mataimaki. A nan hatsarori sun zama ruwan dare. Wannan ya sa ta mai da hankali kan yadda rashin kulawa da yara zai iya haifar da mutuwar jarirai da za a iya gujewa. Turin kuma ita ce inda ta ba da laccoci na farko, wanda ya kasance game da sabuwar Hanyar Montessori da sauran batutuwan ilimi. Saboda haka, farfesa a fannin ilimin yara ya fara ne a shekarar 1913.
Siena da mummunan bimbi soli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A Siena, ta yi aiki a wani ƙaramin asibitin da ba shi da ma’aikatan lafiya, asibitin waje, har ma da dakunan marasa lafiya. Bayan mutuwar Farfesa Maya, wanda ya biyo baya kuma ya karfafa Borrino yayin da yake cikin Florence, ta sami kanta a cikin yanayin rashin tausayi da gasa a jami'a inda, kuma, ba a yi la'akari da ra'ayin likitan mata ba kwata-kwata. Duk da haka, ba kawai ta iya ƙirƙirar asibitin marasa lafiya da ɗakin karatu a asibitin da take aiki ba, amma kuma ta kauce wa yiwuwar rufe asibitin saboda sake fasalin ilimi mai zurfi da sabon ministan ilimi Giovanni Gentile ya gabatar; Har ila yau, ta ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar Cassa Scolastica ga dalibai a cikin m kudi yanayi. A cikin 1921 ta ƙirƙiri Kwamitin Matasan Mata, cibiyar da aka sadaukar don abin da ake kira bimbi soli, Yaran kaɗaici marasa iyali. Daga baya, godiya ga kwarewar da ta samu, musamman ga lokacin da aka kashe a Siena, ta ba da gudummawa ga dokar 1927 game da kariya ga iyaye mata da yara da kuma ɗaya ga yara marasa izini. A cikin 1924 gwamnati ta yi ƙoƙari ta cika dukkan kujerun jami'o'in da ba su da komai bayan yaƙin, amma biyu kawai na likitan yara su ne na Cagliari da Siena; na farko an sanya shi ga abokin aiki daga Bologna kuma na biyu wanda ba haka ba ne. Bayan shekara daya ta samu nasarar lashe gasar kujerar shugabancin likitocin yara a sabon kwas na likitanci a jami'ar Bari.
Tsarin Bari zuwa Sassari: bambancin jinsi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tana jiran sakamakon daga Jami'ar Bari, ta koma gidanta a Cossato, inda ta sadaukar da kanta don warkar da mutanen garin. Lokacin da sakamakon gwajin shigar Jami'ar Bari ya zo, sai ta gano cewa ta zo ta biyu, amma saboda kasancewar mukamai biyu na koyarwa kuma dan takara na uku mutum ne, an fi son shi kuma an tura ta zuwa matsayi na uku. Kokarinta na baya a matsayin koyarwa a Jami'ar Sassari, wanda ya kai ta ga zuwan farko amma ba ta sami aikin ba saboda rashin samun matsayi, an ba ta kyauta saboda mutuwar daya daga cikin likitocin. Mutane sun yi ƙoƙari su dakatar da ita, tun da yake mace ce, ta hanyar barin iyakar shekaru biyu kafin sabbin gwaje-gwaje na shiga su wuce ta hanyar nada wani da ya fi ta girma. Abin farin ciki, an sake buɗe matsayin kafin iyakar shekaru biyu, wanda ya haifar da samun farfesa a fagen ilimin yara na asibiti. [3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 Farnetani, I.; Buonocore, G. (2017-10-24). "The Academic Pediatrics of Siena and the Great war; a Study Created for the Centenary of the First World War". Selected Abstracts of the 13th International Workshop on Neonatology; Journal of Pediatric and Neonatal Individualized Medicine (in Turanci). 6 (2). doi:10.7363/060234. ISSN 2281-0692.
- ↑ D'Ajutolo, Luisa Longhena; Nasi, Bianca Teglio (2021). "Storia Dell'Associazione Italiana Donne Medico (AIDM) (1921 - 2001)" [History of the Italian Association of Medical Women (AIDM) (1921 - 2001)] (PDF). donnemedico.org. Italian Association of Medical Women. Retrieved July 7, 2021.
- ↑ "Letters, Notes, and Answers". British Medical Journal. 1 (3520): 1097–1098. June 23, 1928. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.3520.1097. S2CID 220038941. Retrieved July 7, 2021.