Virginia Woolf
Adeline Virginia Woolf (/ wʊlf/; née Stephen; 25 Janairu 1882 - 28 Maris 1941) marubuciyar Ingilishi ce. Ana la'akari da ita ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmancin marubutan zamani na ƙarni na 20. Ta fara amfani da rafi na hankali azaman na'urar labari.
An haifi Woolf a cikin gida mai wadata a Kudancin Kensington, London. Ita ce ɗa ta bakwai na Julia Prinsep Jackson da Leslie Stephen a cikin dangin da suka haɗu na takwas waɗanda suka haɗa da mai zanen zamani Vanessa Bell. Ta kasance tana karatun gida a cikin litattafan Ingilishi da adabin Victoria tun tana ƙarama. Daga 1897 zuwa 1901, ta halarci Sashen Mata na Kwalejin King London. A can, ta yi karatun litattafai da tarihi, inda ta shiga tuntuɓar waɗanda suka fara gyara manyan makarantun mata da ƙungiyar yancin mata.
Rayuwar
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rayuwar baya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Virginia Woolf Adeline Virginia Stephen a ranar 25 ga Janairu 1882 a 22 Hyde Park Gate a Kudancin Kensington, London,[1] ga Julia (née Jackson) da Sir Leslie Stephen. Mahaifinta marubuci ne, ɗan tarihi, marubuci, marubuci kuma mai hawan dutse, wanda Helena Swanwick ta bayyana a matsayin "mutum mai raɗaɗi mai jajayen gemu mai launin ja ... ƙaƙƙarfan mutum."[2] Mahaifiyarta ta kasance sanannen mai ba da taimako. , kuma bangarenta na iyalin ya ƙunshi Julia Margaret Cameron, wata fitacciyar mai daukar hoto, da kuma Lady Henry Somerset, mai fafutukar kare yancin mata.[3] An rada wa Virginia sunan yayanta Adeline, amma saboda mutuwar kakaninta kwanan nan dangin sun yanke shawarar kada su yi amfani da sunanta na farko.[4]
Dukansu Stephens suna da 'ya'ya daga auren da suka gabata. Julia, daga aurenta da Barista Herbert Duckworth, tana da George, Stella, da Gerald;[5] Leslie ta haifi Laura daga auren Minny Thackeray, 'yar William Makepeace Thackeray. Dukansu tsoffin ma'aurata sun mutu ba zato ba tsammani, Duckworth na ciwon ciki da Minny Stephen yayin haihuwa.[6] Leslie da Julia Stephen suna da yara huɗu tare: Vanessa, Thoby, Virginia, da Adrian.
Cin zarafin jima'i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin 1939 muqala "A Sketch of the Past" Woolf ta fara rubutu game da fuskantar cin zarafi daga Gerald Duckworth tun tana ƙarama. Akwai rade-radin cewa hakan ya taimaka mata a cikin lamuran lafiyar kwakwalwarta daga baya a rayuwarta[7]. Akwai kuma shawarwari na rashin dacewar jima'i daga George Duckworth a lokacin da yake kula da ƴan'uwan Stephen.[8]