WV25
| WV25 | |
|---|---|
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| Wuri | |
| Coordinates | 25°44′N 32°36′E / 25.73°N 32.6°E |
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| Karatun gine-gine | |
| Tsawo | 13.59 meters |
| Yawan fili | 35.58 m² |
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Kabarin WV25 wani kabari ne wanda ba a kammala ba kuma ba a yi masa ado ba a cikin kwarin Yamma na kwarin Sarakuna, Masar. Mafarin kabarin sarki ne, kuma ana tunanin shine farkon kabarin Theban na Akhenaton. Giovanni Belzoni ne ya gano shi a cikin 1817; ya sami mummies guda takwas na tsaka-tsaki na uku a ciki.[1] Jami'ar Minnesota's Expedition (UMEE) karkashin jagorancin Otto Schaden ne ta tono kabarin a shekarar 1972. Aikin ya bankado guda daga cikin mummies guda takwas, tare da kayayyakin tarihi na marigayi daular goma sha takwas.
Ganowa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani dan kasar Italiya mai binciken Giovanni Belzoni ne ya gano kabarin a shekara ta 1817 a lokacin da ya tono kabari a kwarin Sarakuna. Bincikensa ya fara kusa da kabarin Ay (WV23), wanda ya gano a shekarar da ta gabata. An binne kofar shiga cikin wani zurfin zurfi kuma an gano an toshe shi da manyan duwatsu. Da aka dawo washegari, ƙarin haƙa ya nuna “ganuwar duwatsu masu girma dabam-dabam da aka gina da kyau.” Belzoni ya ba da umarnin a gina katafaren katako, da aka yi da babban sanda da kututturen dabino, kuma ya yi amfani da shi don karya shingen.
Nan da nan muka shiga, muka tsinci kanmu a kan wani matakali mai fadin kafa takwas da tsayinsa kafa goma, a kasan akwai mummy hudu a cikin lamarinsu, kwance a kasa tare da kai waje. Daga nan sai wasu hudu suka kwanta a waje guda.
Belzoni ya lura cewa mummies sun kasance iri ɗaya a cikin fenti da fenti, duk da cewa an rufe ɗayan a cikin palon. Wani kuma an naɗe shi da lilin mai kyau, da ganyayen ganye da furanni. ga alama an sake naɗe shi, da bincike, duk abin da ya rage na mummy ƙashi ne masu launin rawaya. An samu manyan faranti guda biyu na karfe, daya mai idanu wedjat, dayan kuma mai siffar faifan fuka-fuki a cikin nannade.
Wuri da shimfidawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kabarin yana kimanin mita 100 (330 ft) gabas da WV23. An yanke shi a hankali a cikin wani tudu mai gangare, kabarin bai ƙare ba. An kammala matattarar ƙofar shiga da madaidaicin mashigar farko kafin a bar kabarin. Saukowar shiga ta ƙunshi matakalai bakwai da aka gina da laka da dutse a saman tsakuwa mai kauri;[2] ƙananan matakalai goma sha takwas an yanke su daga dutse mai ƙarfi. Mafi ƙasƙancin bene da haɗuwarsa na madogaran ƙofa an lura yana kama da kabarin Ay. Schaden ya ba da shawarar cewa an yi watsi da kabarin ne saboda wani babban rataye na dutsen da ke sama da ƙofar, ko kuma saboda rashin ingancin saman dutsen. Wani dalili na yin watsi da shi shine tafiyar Akhenaton babban birnin kasar zuwa Amarna, idan da gaske ne aka fara masa kabari.[3]
Sake bincike
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Jami'ar Minnesota's Expedition Egypt (UMEE) karkashin jagorancin Otto Schaden ne ta tono kabarin a tsakiyar 1972. Binciken farko ya mayar da hankali kan yunƙurin gano asusun ajiyar kuɗi, fasalin gama gari na kaburburan sarauta na daular goma sha takwas. Ba a sami ajiya ba duk da ɗimbin rami. Duk da haka, an ci karo da tukwane da yawa na ƙarshen Daular Goma sha Takwas a yayin wannan ƙoƙarin.[2] Daga baya Richard H. Wilkinson ya gano rami guda daya a gefen gabas na kofar shiga cikin 2001; an same shi da inganci amma babu komai. Wilkinson ya nuna cewa ƙila Belzoni ne ya gano ajiyar kuɗin kuma shi ya kwashe shi. Bugu da ƙari, binciken da aka yi a shekarar da ta gabata, a cikin 2000, ya sami wani yanki na murƙushe ƙasa a gefen yamma na ƙofar, mai yiwuwa samfurin aikin Belzoni, wanda Wilkinson ya bayyana ya lalata ajiyar tushe a wancan gefen.[4].
Wani hako da aka yi a cikin kabarin ya gano matakin yana dauke da dutse da cika; 6angaren benen bene, mummy wrapping da gutsuttsura suma suka ci karo. Mafi mahimmancin abin da aka samu a wannan sashe shi ne wani ostracon da ke nuna wani mutum a zaune wanda aka zana ta da jajayen tawada kuma yana dangantaka da marigayi Daular Sha Takwas. Babu wata alama da ta rage na toshewar a kasan matakan da Belzoni ya ci karo da shi. Dakin da ke gindin matakalar ya ƙunshi ragowar mummies ɗin da Belzoni ya ci karo da su; mai yiyuwa ne sun yi zamanin daular Ashirin da ɗaya zuwa ashirin da biyu bisa kasancewar cartonnage da faience ushabti. An kuma gano sassan "kwarangwal na rawaya". Sauran kayan tarihi na kabarin sun nuna jana'izar sarki - sassa na faience uraei, wani yanki na katako, da kunnuwa da ƙafafu na jikin katako guda biyu masu girman rai kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin kabarin Tutankhamun (KV62). Dangane da waɗannan binciken, Schaden ya ba da shawarar cewa kabarin, idan an yi amfani da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin ƙarshen daular sha takwas, mai yiwuwa ya kasance da farko ya ƙunshi binne na sarauta, ko kuma cewa binne sarauta, mai yiwuwa Ay's (wanda “kwarangwal ɗin rawaya” ke wakilta), an ƙaura zuwa kabarin. Ya kuma yi la'akari da cewa kayan sarauta suna da kutse kuma a maimakon haka sun fito daga WV23, ana ajiye su a WV25 ta hanyar ambaliya.[4]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Belzoni, Giovanni Battista; Belzoni, Mrs (Sarah) (1820). Narrative of the Operations and Recent Discoveries within the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, and Excavations, in Egypt and Nubia; and of a journey to the coast of the Red Sea, in search of the ancient Berenice, and of another to the Oasis of Jupiter Ammon. London: J. Murray. pp. 223–224. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
- ↑ Schaden, Otto J. (1979). "Preliminary Report on the Re-Clearance of Tomb 25 in the Western Valley of the Kings (WV-25)". Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte. 63. Organisme Général des Imprimeries Gouvernementales: 161–168. Retrieved 11 June 2021
- ↑ Reeves, Nicholas; Wilkinson, Richard H. (1996). The Complete Valley of the Kings: Tombs and Treasures of Egypt's Greatest Pharaohs (2010 paperback reprint ed.). London: Thames & Hudson Ltd. pp. 116–117. ISBN 978-0-500-28403-2.
- ↑ Reeves, C. N. (1990). Valley of the Kings: Decline of a royal necropolis. London: Kegan Paul International. pp. 41–42. ISBN 0-7103-0368-8.