Wadi El Natrun
| Wadi El Natrun | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Tsawo | 40 km |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 30°25′N 30°20′E / 30.42°N 30.33°E |
| Kasa | Misra |
| Territory |
Beheira Governorate (en)  |
Wadi El Natrun ( Arabic ; ' Coptic ) wani yanki ne mai zurfi a arewacin Masar wanda ke da 23 metres (75 ft) a ƙasa da matakin teku da kuma 38 metres (125 ft) a ƙasa da matakin Kogin Nilu . Kwarin ya ƙunshi tafkuna da dama na alkaline, ma'adanan gishiri masu arzikin natron, dausayin gishiri da kuma dausayin ruwa mai tsafta . [1]
A cikin adabin Kirista, galibi ana kiran yankin da Scetis (
Yanayin ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wadi al-Natrun sunan da aka fi sani da kwarin hamada da ke yammacin kogin Nilu, tare da El Tahrir Markaz, wanda ke da nisan mil 10. kilomita yamma da ƙofar shiga birnin Sadat a kan hanyar hamada ta Alkahira-Alexandria, da kuma kimanin kilomita 50 kilomita daga Khatatba a reshen Rosetta na Kogin Nilu. Magudanar ruwa tana faɗuwa kimanin mita 50 a ƙarƙashin saman tudun da ke kewaye da shi. Tsawonsa yana tsakanin 55 da 60. km, matsakaicin faɗinsa shine 10 km kuma zurfin wurin ya kai mita 24 a ƙasa da matakin teku. Matsawar ƙasa ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta a Hamadar Yammacin Masar, tare da yanki na kusan kilomita 500. A fannin yanayin ƙasa ba kwarin gaske ba ne. Saboda yankin wani yanki ne mai rufewa wanda ke da tushe da ƙarshe daban ba tare da tushen ruwa, kogo ko rafuka ba, amfani da kalmar "Wadi" ba daidai ba ne a zahiri.
Kogin Wadi ya ƙunshi tafkuna 12, waɗanda ke da jimillar faɗin saman su 10 km 2 kuma matsakaicin zurfin mita 2 kacal. Launin waɗannan tafkuna ja-shuɗi ne saboda ruwansu yana cike da gishirin natron .
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gano burbushin halittu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gano burbushin halittu tun zamanin Pliocene (shekaru miliyan 5.3–2.6 da suka wuce) a yankin Wadi El Natrun, ciki har da kada mai dogon hanci Euthecodon , kunkuru mai laushi, [2] raƙumi Paracamelus , [3] equine hipparionine mai yatsu uku Cormohipparion, [4] hippopotamus na farko Archaeopotamus andrewsi , [5] barewa gami da reedbuck ( Redunca ) [6] da Alcelaphinae, [7] da kuma dangin giwa Deinotherium .
An fara tabbatar da kwarin Natron a cikin tsohon littafin adabin Masar mai suna The Eloquent Peasant, kuma an ambaci shi a cikin jerin oases bakwai a cikin Haikalin Edfu . A zamanin Ptolemaic, ya ƙunshi wani ɓangare na Nitrite Nome ( Ancient Greek ). An kuma san shi a cikin Coptic a matsayin Dutsen Gishiri ( Coptic ) ko Phanihosem ( Coptic ).
Muhimmancin kwarin Natrun ya samo asali ne tun zamanin Fir'auna, yayin da tsoffin Masarawa da Libiyawa suka yi yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa a can. Wannan rikici ya ƙare da Masarawa suka shawo kan abokan hamayyarsu suka kuma haɗa gefen gabashin hamada, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na Masar a yau. Duk da cewa Wadi al-Natrun ya zama wani yanki na gudanarwa na ƙasar a zamanin Fir'auna, ba a gano wani bayani game da tarihinta a wannan lokacin ba. Sabbin rubuce-rubucen da aka gano game da yaƙe-yaƙe tsakanin Libu da Masarawa sun nuna cewa yaƙin ƙarshe ya faru ne a shekara ta 1170 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa, a zamanin mulkin Ramesses na Uku .
manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Taher, A. G. (1999). "Inland saline lakes of Wadi el Natrun depression, Egypt". International Journal of Salt Lake Research. 8 (2): 149–169. doi:10.1007/BF02442128.
- ↑ Wood, Roger Conant (1979). "First Record of a Fossil Trionychid Skull from Africa". Herpetologica. 35 (4): 360–364. ISSN 0018-0831.
- ↑ Pickford, Martin; Morales, Jorge; Soria, Dolores (1995). "Fossil camels from the upper miocene of Europe: Implications for biogeography and faunal change". Geobios (in Turanci). 28 (5): 641–650. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(95)80217-7.
- ↑ Churcher, Charles S. (2014-01-02). "A vacant niche? The curious distributions of African Perissodactyla". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa (in Turanci). 69 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1080/0035919X.2013.867909. ISSN 0035-919X.
- ↑ Martino, R.; Rook, L.; Mateus, O.; Pandolfi, L. (2024-04-02). "The Late Miocene hippopotamid, Archaeopotamus pantanellii nov. comb., from the Casino Basin (Tuscany, Italy): paleobiogeographic implications". Historical Biology. 36 (4): 891–904. doi:10.1080/08912963.2023.2194912. ISSN 0891-2963.
|hdl-access=requires|hdl=(help) - ↑ Vrba, Elisabeth S. (January 2006). "A possible ancestor of the living waterbuck and lechwes: Kobus basilcookei sp. nov. (Reduncini, Bovidae, Artiodactyla) from the Early Pliocene of the Middle Awash, Ethiopia". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa (in Turanci). 61 (2): 63–74. doi:10.1080/00359190609519954. ISSN 0035-919X.
- ↑ Anthony B. Missing or empty
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