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Wadi el-Hudi

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Wadi el-Hudi
General information
Labarin ƙasa
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Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa23°57′42″N 33°07′53″E / 23.96153°N 33.13133°E / 23.96153; 33.13133
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Wadi el-Hudi yanki ne na haƙar ma'adinai wanda ya haɗa da babban rafi da dutse mai suna Gebel el-Hudi a cikin Hamadar Gabas ta Masar, kudu maso gabashin Aswan . [1] [2] Ana tsammanin sunan hudi ya fito ne daga kalmar Larabci don jagora. Wadi el-Hudi yana da wadataccen yanki a fannin ƙasa kuma ya kasance tushen hakar ma'adinai da bincike mai yawa tun zamanin da. Duk da cewa da farko an san shi da tsoffin wuraren hakar ma'adinai na amethyst, wannan yanki yana da mahimmanci a yi nazarin kayan tarihi na Masar da tarihi saboda yawan rubuce-rubucen duwatsu, duwatsu, matsuguni, da ma'adanai, galibi suna zaune a Masar ta Tsakiya . [3] Wannan yanki yana da girma sosai, kimanin murabba'in kilomita 100. [4]

Ilimin ƙasa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Wannan yanki shine babban tushen amethyst a Tsohuwar Masar. Ilimin ƙasa na wannan yanki yana da bambanci sosai kuma ba kasafai yake faruwa ba saboda haɗuwar ginshiƙin Precambrian na metamorphic gneiss tare da ƙaramin sandstone na Cretaceous Nubian. [5] Dangane da abubuwan da suka haɗa da dutsen ƙasar, quartz, amethyst, da zinariya ana samun su da yawa a nan. An sami wasu ma'adanai, kamar amazonite, jan ƙarfe, carnelian, talc, barite, da galena . [6] [7] Ana samun duwatsun hammer na Diorite na halitta, asalin gida ko'ina a wannan yanki. [3]

Akwai shaidar ayyukan ɗan adam daga zamanin Paleolithic, Nagada II / Predynastic, Masarautar Tsakiya, Sabuwar Masarautar, Ptolemaic, Farisa, da Musulunci . [3] Matafiya sun fi amfani da yankin a kowane zamani, da kuma a zamanin yau. [2] Zane-zanen duwatsu daga makiyaya na makiyaya sun fara tun farkon zamanin predynastic, saboda ƙungiyoyin matafiya da yawa sun yi amfani da yankin. [3] Yaƙin neman haƙar amethyst da aka tsara, wanda gwamnati ta ɗauki nauyinsa, ya fara ne a daular 11 a ƙarƙashin mulkin Mentuhotep na IV . [3] Daga baya, sarkin daular 12, Senwosret na 1, ya faɗaɗa waɗannan balaguron. Rubuce-rubuce sun mamaye Daular Tsakiya, har zuwa zamanin Sobekhotep na IV . [3]

Jami'an gudanarwa na Masar har yanzu sun san wannan yanki a lokacin Sabuwar Masarautar. [8] A lokacin Farisa, ƙananan ƙungiyoyin ma'adinai sun yi aiki a Wurin 11 kuma suka bar zane-zane a kan WH143. Daga baya a lokacin Ptolemaic, manyan balaguro sun koma haƙar amethyst a Wurin 4. [7] A lokacin 9-10c. CE, manyan ƙungiyoyi sun haƙar zinare a Wurin 3 da 13. A halin yanzu, Hamadar Gabas a matsayin yanki ana amfani da ita don albarkatu ta hanyar ƙungiyoyin ma'adinai na halal da na haram. [9]

manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Liszka, Kate (June 2017). "Egyptian or Nubian? Dry-Stone Architecture at Wadi el-Hudi, Wadi es-Sebua, and the Eastern Desert". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 103 (1): 35–51. doi:10.1177/0307513317714407. ISSN 0307-5133.
  2. 1 2 Liszka, Kate (2024-06-01). "Evidence for Pastoral Nomads and Travelers in the Eastern Desert: Site 51 and Beyond at Wadi el-Hudi, Egypt". Near Eastern Archaeology. 87 (2): 64–72. doi:10.1086/729870. ISSN 1094-2076. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":13" defined multiple times with different content.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Liszka, Kate (2023-01-01). "Brand and Liszka 2024 A desert Middle Nubian amethyst mining camp at Wadi el-Hudi". A Desert Middle Nubian Mining Camp. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content.
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ":11".
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ":12".
  6. ↑ Liszka, Kate (2023). "The Wadi el-Hudi Expedition to the Eastern Desert" (PDF). Scribe. Fall 2023: 62–63.
  7. 1 2 Liszka, Kate (2018). "Site 4 at Wadi el-Hudi: A Lost Amethyst Mining Settlement". Egyptian Archaeology. 51: 36–40.
  8. ↑ "Conserving and Recording Stelae from the Amethyst Mines of Wadi el-Hudi". ARCE. Retrieved 2024-07-17.
  9. ↑ Liszka, Kate. "Liszka 2017 Salvaging and Protecting the Archaeology of Wadi el Hudi Eastern Desert. ARCE Bulletin 210: 16-21". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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