Wajen Mining na Quebradona

Quebradona wani kamfani ne na hakar ma'adinan tagulla na Colombia a Jericó, Antioquia. An fara shi a shekara ta 2002, kuma kamfanin AngloGold Ashanti na Afirka ta Kudu ne ke sarrafa shi.

Tun lokacin da aka fara shi, an kewaye shi da rikice-rikice da korafe-korafe.

Halin gaba ɗaya

A cikin 2002, a tsakiyar ma'adinan da tsohon shugaban kasa Álvaro Uribe ya tallata, Kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai da yawa da suka haɗa da AngloGold Ashanti sun isa Kolombiya da nufin kafa ayyukan filayen kore a gundumomi da dama a kudu maso yammacin Antioquia. Sun gabatar da kansu ga al'ummomin a matsayin kwararru a cikin nazarin ƙasa don inganta yanayin aikin gona a yankin, a cewar 'yan ƙasa da yawa. Ta wannan hanyar, sun sami kwangilar hako ma'adinai yayin da suke ba wa al'umma guraben aikin yi ta hanyar haƙar ma'adinai na yanki. Hakan ya kasance a matsayin mayar da martani ga koma bayan tattalin arziki na mazauna, idan aka yi la'akari da tallafin da jihar ke samu a yankin, wanda ya haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin jama'a. Gabaɗaya, babu yarjejeniya kan aikin, tunda ga alama zai kawo wasu fa'idodi da kuma lalacewa na dogon lokaci. Wasu shugabannin jama'a, irin su Fernando Jaramillo, sun yi adawa da aikin. Hukumar sa ido ta John Jairo Arcila ta nuna rashin jin dadin ta, yayin da ’yan majalisar birnin, shugaban kamfanin a Colombia, da sauran jiga-jigan jama’a suka fallasa yawan karuwar miliyan 1,700 a kowace shekara zuwa miliyan 14,000 a duk shekara da za a yi idan aikin ya tabbata. 

Lamarin La Fea

A cikin 2016, mazauna kusa sun ba da rahoton cewa wurin La Fea creek ya sami ƙamshi mai ƙamshi da ruwan ruwan ƙanƙara. An yi korafin al'umma ga Corantioquia, hukumar kare muhalli ta yankin. Muryoyin cikin gida sun yi gangami don daukar mataki daga hukuma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ciki har da Ministan Ma'adinai da Makamashi Jorge Eduardo Cock Londoño, shugaban muhalli Fernando Jaramillo da farfesa na jami'a Luis Carlos Rúa, suna fahimtar cewa ƙudurin zai kasance da mahimmanci ga matsayin kamfanin na lasisin hakar ma'adinai wanda Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta ƙasa (ANLA) ke la'akari. A cikin 2021, Corantioquia ya gano cewa kamfanin ya saba ka'ida ta hanyar girka da kuma gudanar da wani dandamali na hakar ma'adinai a cikin mafi ƙarancin nisa na tilas da aka ba da izini daga tributary. Rahotanni sun ce kamfanin ya hako mita 650 a karkashin dandalin, wanda watakila ya yi illa ga magudanan ruwa na karkashin kasa, duk da cewa hukumar ta jaddada cewa hukuncin da aka yanke na keta tazarar ne kawai. An bayyana cewa za a ci tarar kamfanin tarar peso miliyan 288. Londoño ya yi kira da a kara darajar tarar, yana mai da'awar cewa takunkumin bai yi daidai da girman lalacewar muhalli ba.. 

Dakatar da lasisi

A ƙarshen 2019, an gayyaci shugabannin muhalli da yawa zuwa wani taron da aka shirya tsakanin Gidauniyar Heinrich Böll da Renzo García a cikin garin Bogotá inda littafin yanzu "Huellas de la energía" [1] ya tsara tattaunawa don guje wa ƙira don Tsarin Dabarun Tsaro na Páramo de Santurbán, inda Hermán Téquia, mazaunin Antiquia da Vergara. ya yi tir da wasu hadurran da ake kyautata zaton cewa ya shafi yankinsa da suka hada da karamar hukumar Támesis, aikin hakar ma'adinai na AngloGold a kudu maso gabashin Antioquia, daga cikinsu akwai kafa dam din wutsiya mai nisan kilomita 2 daga kogin Cauca mai halaye irin na Brumadinho na Brazil wanda rugujewar sa ya haifar da mummunar illar muhalli, kuma ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane 270. Bayan sanin wannan korafi, Luis Carlos Rúa,wani bako a wurin taron, ya haɓaka tarin jama'a ta hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa don ba da kuɗin bincike a fannin tasiri a cikin aikin. Don yin wannan, ya nemi goyon bayan masu fafutuka daban-daban, ciki har da dan wasan ninkaya na Colombia Jorge Iván del Valle, mawakiya Adriana Lucía, dan wasan Colombia Julián Román, actress Carolina Guerra, da sauransu. Tare da kudaden da aka samu daga vaki, [1] ya yi tafiya zuwa yankin, inda ya zauna na tsawon watanni uku, yana rubuta shaidu daban-daban, wanda ya haifar da wani bayani mai ban sha'awa da kuma koke na kasa da kasa ta hanyar Rolling Stone game da abubuwan da ake zargin ANLA da ke adawa da barazanar, saboda a tunanin Rúa, wannan aikin yana wakiltar barazana ga yanayin muhalli da kuma wuraren ruwa da ke samar da ruwa mai mahimmanci ga kananan hukumomi; Wannan korafin ya kasance a Corantioquia tsawon shekaru 4 ba tare da ci gaba ba har zuwa yau. Ƙarshen zanga-zangar a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar da Rúa ya inganta, bayan fiye da watanni 9 na matsin lamba na kafofin watsa labaru, a ƙarshe ya zo daidai da ajiyar lasisin aikin na Multinational mai karfi.. 

Rahotanni na cin hanci da rashawa

Dangane da wani faifan sauti da aka buga a jaridar El Tiempo ta John Jairo Arcila, shugaban Cibiyar Ilimi ta San Francisco de Asís a Jericó, ya sanar da malaman tayin cewa kamfanin AngloGold ya yi wa ɗaliban aji na 11 don aiwatar da pre-icfes mai kama-da-wane, da kuma kwas na Ingilishi ga sauran maki, a matsayin tallafi ga korafin. Don samun damar wannan tayin, ya zama dole a samar da bayanan ɗaliban ta malami da kuma lambobin wayar iyaye. An bayyana wannan gaskiyar a matsayin mai tsanani, ta hanyar farfesa na Jami'ar Externado Juan Carlos Upegui, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa za a iya amfani da bayanan don bayanin martaba kuma don haka nuna bambanci ga daliban da iyalansu ba su goyi bayan aikin da aka ce ba, a cikin wani cin zarafin bayanan habeas. Kamfanin ya mayar da martani yana mai nuni da cewa rashin inganci ne a harkar sadarwa, tunda kiran ba dole ba ne. A cewar wasu korafe-korafe, da an yi irin wannan lamari a wasu cibiyoyin ilimi na karamar hukumar a shekarar 2019. A gefe guda kuma wasu jiga-jigan kasa da a wancan lokaci suka goyi bayan zuwan kasashe da dama, a yau suna adawa da aikin, ba tare da dalilin adawar su ba, kamar yadda tsohon shugaban kasar Uribe, wanda aka ce yana da muradin kashin kansa a yankin.. 

Dubi kuma

• Masana'antar ma'adinai ta Colombia