Wajen Shaƙatawa na Gombe
 Wajen Shaƙatawa na Gombe | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
national park (en)  | ||||
 | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Farawa | 1968 | |||
| Suna a harshen gida | Gombe National Park | |||
| IUCN protected areas category (en) |
IUCN category II: National Park (en) | |||
| Ƙasa | Tanzaniya | |||
| Significant place (en) | Kigoma | |||
| Heritage designation (en) |
Tentative World Heritage Site (en) | |||
| Shafin yanar gizo | tanzaniaparks.go.tz… | |||
| Hashtag (mul) | gombenationalpark | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
| Jamhuriya | Tanzaniya | |||
| Gundumar Tanzaniya | Yankin Kigoma | |||
Gombe National Park (/ˈɡɒmbi, ˈɡoʊmbeɪ/) wani wurin shakatawa ne na kasa a Tanzania, wanda ke cikin Gundumar Kigoma ta Yankin Kigoma . An kira shi Gombe Stream National Park .
Bayani na gaba ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Established in 1968, it is one of the smallest national parks in Tanzania, with only 13.5 sq mi (35 km2) of protected land along the hills of the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika. The terrain is distinguished by steep valleys, and the vegetation ranges from grassland to woodland to tropical rainforest. Accessible only by boat, the park is most famous as the location where Jane Goodall pioneered her behavioural research on the common chimpanzee populations.[1][2] The Kasakela chimpanzee community, featured in several books and documentaries, lives in Gombe National Park.[3]
Dabbobi na daji
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gombe National Park ya ƙunshi ciyawa, gandun daji, kwari masu tsayi da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi; yana alfahari da ɗaya daga cikin mafi girman taro na primates a Afirka.[4] Chimpanzees suna da mazauni tare da wasu nau'o'in dabbobi da yawa, baboons na zaitun na bakin teku, ja colobus, birai mai jan wutsiya, birai na shuɗi da birai na vervet. An san birai masu jan wutsiyar wutsiyar da birai masu launin shudi da haɗuwa a yankin.
Gombe National Park sananne ne saboda kasancewa shafin yanar gizon Jane Goodall game da chimpanzees da sauran primates. Goodall ya fara tafiya zuwa Tanzania a cikin 1960 yana da shekaru 26 ba tare da horo na kwaleji ba. Ba a san komai game da halayyar chimpanzee ko tsarin al'umma a lokacin ba. Binciken da ta yi ya tabbatar da ƙwarewar hankali da motsin rai na wadanda ba mutane ba, musamman chimpanzees. Tare da goyon bayan sanannen masanin ilimin ɗan adam Louis Leakey, Goodall ya kafa wani karamin tashar bincike a Gombe da fatan ƙarin koyo game da halayyar danginmu mafi kusa.[5] A can ta kwashe watanni tana bin diddigin dakarun chimpanzee, musamman Al'ummar chimpanzee ta Kasakela, da kuma lura da al'adunsu na yau da kullun har sai dakarun da suka karɓa a hankali kuma an ba ta damar yin la'akari da al'ummar da ke cikin chimpanzee.[5]
Ba tare da horo na kwaleji da ke jagorantar bincikenta ba, Goodall ta lura da abubuwan da ka'idodin kimiyya masu tsauri zasu iya watsi da su. Maimakon ƙididdigar chimpanzees da ta lura, ta ba su sunaye kamar Fifi da David Greybeard, kuma ta lura da su suna da halaye na musamman da na mutum, ra'ayi mai ban mamaki a lokacin.[5] Ta gano cewa "ba kawai mutane ne da ke da mutuntaka ba, waɗanda ke iya tunani mai ma'ana motsin rai kamar farin ciki da baƙin ciki".[and][5] Ta kuma lura da halaye irin su rungumi, sumba, pats a baya, har ma da tickling, abin da mutane ke la'akari da ayyukan ɗan adam.[5] Goodall ya nace cewa waɗannan alamu shaida ne na "kusa, goyon baya, dangantaka ta soyayya da ke tasowa tsakanin 'yan uwa da sauran mutane a cikin al'umma, wanda zai iya ci gaba a duk tsawon rayuwa sama da shekaru 50".[5]
Binciken Goodall a Gombe ya fi sananne ga al'ummar kimiyya don kalubalantar imani biyu na dogon lokaci na yau: cewa mutane ne kawai zasu iya ginawa da amfani da kayan aiki, kuma chimpanzees sun kasance masu cin ganyayyaki. Yayinda take lura da wani chimpanzee yana cin abinci a wani tudun tsutsa, ta kalli shi akai-akai ya sanya rassan ciyawa a cikin ramukan tsutsa, sannan ya cire su daga ramin da aka rufe da tsutsa, yadda ya kamata "kamun kifi" ga tsutsa. Har ila yau, ƙwayoyin cuta za su ɗauki rassan daga bishiyoyi kuma su cire ganye don yin reshe ya fi tasiri, wani nau'i na gyaran abu wanda shine farkon kayan aiki.[6] Mutane sun daɗe suna rarrabe kanmu daga sauran mulkin dabbobi a matsayin "Mutumin Mai Yin Kayan aiki". A mayar da martani ga binciken juyin juya halin Goodall, Louis Leakey ya rubuta, "Yanzu dole ne mu sake bayyana mutum, mu sake bayyana kayan aiki, ko karɓar chimpanzees a matsayin ɗan adam!" A yayin karatun ta, Goodall ta sami shaidar halaye na tunani a cikin chimpanzee kamar tunani mai ma'ana, abstraction, generalization, wakilci na alama, har ma da manufar kai, duk a baya ana tunanin su ne kawai iyawar ɗan adam. [6]
Karewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bambancin halittu na Gombe National Park yana fuskantar barazanar mamayewar mutum. Kodayake kashi 25% na Tanzania an ware su a cikin wuraren shakatawa da wuraren ajiya, yawan namun daji har yanzu suna raguwa. Wannan yafi saboda rashin hadin gwiwa tsakanin kula da wurin shakatawa, bangarorin gwamnati, da al'ummomin karkara.[7] Yankunan ƙauyuka galibi suna tsakanin wuraren shakatawa kuma suna zama cikas ga dabbobi da ke tafiya tsakanin wuraren da aka kiyaye. Ba tare da motsawa don kare dabbobi ba, al'ummomin karkara za su farautar su don abinci ko kashe su saboda dalilai na tsaro.[7] Talauci ma yana ƙara buƙata.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Cibiyar Bincike ta USC Jane Goodall
- Jerin wuraren da aka kare na Tanzania
- Hukumar Kula da Gidajen Kasa ta Tanzania
- Gombe Chimpanzee War
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ "Global Alliance of National Parks". Retrieved 25 January 2025.
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