Wakar 'yanci
 Wakar 'yanci | |
|---|---|
song type (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
anthem (en) |
Waƙoƙin 'yanci[1] waƙoƙi ne waɗanda mahalarta cikin ƙungiyoyin yancin ɗan adam suka rera. Ana kuma kiransu da “wakokin kare hakkin jama’a” ko kuma a wajen wakokin da suka fi wakokin yabo, ana kiransu da “waken hakkin jama’a”.
Waƙoƙin 'yanci sun kasance muhimmiyar siffa ta hanyar rayuwa wacce ta wanzu a lokacin ƙungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam. Waƙoƙin sun ƙunshi ma'ana da yawa ga duk mahalarta a cikin gwagwarmayar kare hakkin jama'a. Waƙoƙi na iya haɗawa da baƙin ciki, farin ciki, farin ciki, ko ƙuduri a tsakanin sauran ji. Wakokin 'yanci sun kasance hanyoyin hadin kai a cikin al'ummar bakaken fata yayin wannan yunkuri. Wakokin sun kuma kasance hanyar sadarwa a tsakanin mahalarta taron yayin da kalmomi ba su isa ba. Waƙar "Za Mu Ci Nasara" da sauri ta zama waƙar da ba a hukumance ba na ƙungiyar. Guy Carawan ya koyar da shahararriyar waƙar 'yanci a lokacin bazara na 1960 a wani taron bita da aka gudanar a Makarantar Jama'a ta Highlander, wanda ya sa waƙar ta shahara sosai a cikin al'umma.[2]
Kiɗa na zamanin 'yancin ɗan adam yana da mahimmanci ga haɓakar motsi. Kiɗa ya ba da ra'ayoyin da ba za a iya faɗi ba da kuma sha'awar samun canji mai tsauri a cikin al'umma. Kiɗa ya ƙarfafa motsi, yana ƙara iri-iri zuwa dabarun ci gaban 'yanci daban-daban. Kiɗa ya yi nasara sosai ta yadda waƙoƙin sun kasance kai tsaye da maimaituwa, a sarari kuma cikin inganci isar da saƙon. Waƙoƙin sun kasance masu sauƙi tare da rera waƙoƙin maimaitawa, waɗanda ke ba da damar shiga cikin sauƙi a cikin al'ummomin baki da fari, suna ƙara yada saƙon su. Sau da yawa ana yawan rera waƙa fiye da yin magana yayin zanga-zanga da zanga-zanga, wanda ke nuna yadda waƙoƙin suke da ƙarfi sosai. Rayar da waɗanda suka zo don shiga cikin harkar yana da mahimmanci, kuma za a yi shi da waƙoƙi. Masu shiga cikin motsi suna jin daɗin haɗin kai da juna kuma ta hanyar waƙoƙin, sun kuma ji daɗin haɗin gwiwa tare da motsi. A siyasance, an sha rera wakokin ‘yanci domin daukar hankalin al’ummar kasar da tilasta mata magance tsananin wariyar launin fata a Amurka.
Yawancin lokaci, waƙoƙin suna da asali na Kiristanci, yawanci akan waƙoƙin yabo ne. An ɗan sauya kalaman waƙoƙin waƙoƙin ta yadda za a iya shigar da kalmomin su cikin zanga-zangar yancin ɗan adam, da kuma nuna halin da ake ciki a yanzu yayin da ake rera su a wajen coci-coci, musamman a tituna. Kodayake yawancin waƙoƙin yanci an samo su ne daga waƙoƙin yabo, wasu waƙoƙin 'yanci kuma an samo su daga wasu nau'o'in. Domin a dauki mutanen da ba su da addini sosai, an canza wakokin rock da na bidi'o'i aka mayar da su wakokin 'yanci, hakan ya bai wa dimbin masu fafutuka damar shiga wakar.
A lokuta da dama, wadannan wakoki sun fara ne a matsayin wakokin bishara ko na ruhi, kuma wasu daga cikin shahararrun wakokin sun hada da "Za Mu Ci Nasara," "Wannan Karamin Hasken Nawa", da "Jeka Ka Fada Kan Dutse"[3]
Nina Simone da sauran ƙwararrun masu fasaha kuma an san su da ko dai rubuta ko rera irin waɗannan waƙoƙin. Biyu daga cikin wadannan wakoki su ne:
"Mississippi Goddam", daga Nina Simone a cikin Concert (1964).
"Don Zama Matasa, Mai Kyauta da Baƙar fata", daga Black Gold (1970).
Fannie Lou Hamer mai fafutuka an san shi da rera waƙoƙi a maƙiyi ko wasu nau'ikan zanga-zangar, musamman "Wannan Ƙananan Hasken Nawa." Zilphia Horton kuma ta taka rawa wajen juyar da ruhi zuwa wakokin kare hakkin jama'a.
Sanannun waƙoƙi daga ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin jama'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An sha rera wasu wakoki sama da 100 a lokacin zanga-zangar kare hakkin jama'a na shekarun 1960. Wasu daga cikin fitattun waqoqin da aka fi sani ko masu tasiri su ne:
"A Canji Zai Zo (waƙar)": Sam Cooke ne ya tsara kuma ya yi; #12 akan Mafi Girman Waƙoƙi 500 na Duk Lokaci na Mujallar Rolling Stone
"Oh, 'Yanci": na ruhaniya tun daga lokacin bauta
"Bazan bar kowa ya juya ni"
"Ku Sa ido kan Kyautar"
"Lalle Ubangiji": bisa ga ruhi
"Rike" (wanda kuma aka sani da "Ka Idon Ka Kan Kyautar"): Dangane da ruhaniya
"Yadda na wuce"
"Ina Son Kowa", mafi mahimmancin waƙa a cikin ƙungiyoyin 'yancin ɗan adam a cewar SCLC's James Bevel da Andrew Young, wani lokaci suna rera na sa'a guda a lokaci guda.
"Idan Kun Rasa Ni A Bayan Bus": An daidaita shi daga abin da Chico Neblett ya yi
"Zan Zauna A Tebur Maraba": An Kwafi Daga Ruhaniya
"Na Farka Da Safiya": An karbo daga Ruhaniya
"Daga Ev'ry Voice and Sing": James Weldon Johnson ya rubuta
"Wannan Ƙananan Hasken Nawa": Asalin ruhi, mai alaƙa da Fannie Lou Hamer.
"Ba za a motsa mu ba": Har ila yau,, mai yiwuwa asali, waƙar ƙungiyar kwadago.
"Idan ina da guduma": Waƙar ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Pete Seeger da Lee Hays.
"Waƙar Waƙar Yanci": Oscar Peterson ne ya tsara kuma ya yi a kan kundi na Night Train
- ↑ Lyrics of the Freedom Songs | American Experience". www.pbs.org. Retrieved 2024-05-31
- ↑ Freedom Songs of the Civil Rights Movement: Slave Spirituals Revived at University of Denver. Archived 2013-08-28 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Voice of the Civil Rights Movement (album) via Smithsonian Global Sound Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine