Wasan wasanni
 Wasan wasanni | |
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expression (en)  |
Wasan wasanni kalma ce da ake amfani da ita wajen bayyana al’adar gwamnatoci, daidaikun mutane, kamfanoni, ko wasu kungiyoyi na yin amfani da wasanni don inganta sunan da aka bata ta hanyar zalunci. Wani nau'i na farfaganda, ana iya yin wankin wasanni ta hanyar gudanar da al'amuran wasanni, siye ko tallafawa ƙungiyoyin wasanni, ko shiga cikin wasanni.[1][2][3]
A matakin kasa da kasa, an yi imanin cewa, an yi amfani da wanke-wanke na wasanni wajen karkatar da hankali daga munanan bayanan hakkin dan Adam da kuma badakalar cin hanci da rashawa.[4] A matakin mutum da na kamfanoni, an yi imanin cewa an yi amfani da wanke-wanke na wasanni don rufe munanan ayyuka, laifuffuka, da badakala. Wanke wasanni misali ne na wanki.
Dubawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A duniya baki daya, an bayyana wanke wasanni a matsayin wani bangare na taushin ikon kasa.[5] Mai yiwuwa an yi amfani da farkon amfani da kalmar "wanke wasanni" ga Azerbaijan da kuma gudanar da gasar wasannin Turai ta 2015 a Baku.[6]
Kasashen yankin Gulf da ake zargi da wanke-wanke wasanni su ne suka fi mayar da martani kan wadannan ikirari, galibi suna jayayya cewa kawai suna son jin dadin wasannin motsa jiki a kasashensu na asali, ko kuma shiga wani sabon saka hannun jari. Wadannan jam'iyyun da ake zargi sukan ce kaurace wa wasanni da kauracewa taron duk rashin adalci ne ga masu sha'awar wasanni kuma ba su da tasiri wajen sauya manufofin gwamnati. A game da F1, gasar har ma ta bayar da hujjar cewa "wasanni ya fi samun damar yin canje-canje ta hanyar ziyartar waɗannan ƙasashe da kuma riƙe su ga alkawuran da suka yi wanda ke da nasaba da doka." na gasar cin kofin duniya.[7]
Kamfanonin da ake zargi da wanke wasanni sun haɗa da tallafin Ineos na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kekuna (yanzu Ineos Grenadiers) a cikin 2019, da kuma tallafin Arabtec na Manchester City FC [8]
Muhimmiyar siffa ta wankin wasanni ita ce ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce mai tsadar gaske da jam'iyyu za su yi domin ba wai kawai samun haƙƙin taron ba ne amma gina abubuwan more rayuwa don gudanar da waɗannan wasannin. Misali, kafin zuwa gasar cin kofin duniya ta FIFA ta 2022, kasar Qatar mai masaukin baki, kasa mafi kankantar kasa da ta taba karbar bakuncin gasar cin kofin duniya, ta kashe kusan dalar Amurka biliyan 220 a wuraren shakatawa na alfarma, fadada hanyoyin sufuri, da filayen wasanni don shiryawa. A cikin Maris 2021, kungiyar kare hakkin dan Adam Grant Liberty ta ce Saudi Arabiya ita kadai ta kashe akalla dala biliyan 1.5 kan ayyukanta na wanke-wanke.[9]
Hosting
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kwallon kwando
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta FIBA ta 1978, wanda aka gudanar a Filifin ƙarƙashin Ferdinand Marcos.
Gasar Cin Kofin Amirka ta FIBA ta 2013, da aka gudanar a Venezuela.
Lokacin BAL na 2021, wanda aka gudanar a Ruwanda.
Gasar cin kofin kwallon kwando ta FIBA ta 2023, wanda aka gudanar a wani bangare a Philippines karkashin shugabancin Bongbong Marcos, dan Ferdinand Marcos.
Gasar Kwallon Kwando ta FIBA ta 2027, da aka gudanar a Qatar
NBA tana karbar bakuncin wasannin share fage a Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa tun daga 2022.[27]
Yaki wasanni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dambe
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Damben dambe mai nauyi mai nauyi a shekarar 1973 tsakanin Pierre Fourie dan Afirka ta Kudu da Bob Foster na Amurka, da aka yi a filin wasa na Rand da ke birnin Johannesburg na Afirka ta Kudu a zamanin mulkin wariyar launin fata.
Wasan kambun babban nauyi na duniya a shekara ta 1974 ba tare da jayayya ba tsakanin George Foreman da Muhammad Ali, wanda aka fi sani da The Rumble in the Jungle, da aka yi a Kinshasa, Zaire (Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango a yanzu) lokacin mulkin kama-karya na Mobutu Sese Seko.
Wasan da aka yi a shekarar 1975 tsakanin Muhammad Ali da Joe Frazier, wanda aka fi sani da Thrilla a Manila, wanda aka gudanar a birnin Quezon na kasar Philippines a lokacin mulkin kama-karya na Ferdinand Marcos.
Gasar Damben Duniya ta AIBA ta 2015 da aka gudanar a Qatar.
2019 sake fafatawa ajin nauyi na duniya tsakanin Andy Ruiz Jr. da Anthony Joshua, wanda aka fi sani da Clash on The dunes, wanda aka gudanar a Diriyah, Saudi Arabia.
Hadaddiyar fasahar martial
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gudanar da wadannan ayyuka a Saudiyya a shekarar 2024.
PFL vs. Bellator
PFL Super Fights: Yaƙin Kattai
PFL 10 (2024)
UFC akan ABC: Whittaker vs. Aliskerov
Yin keke
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya ta UCI ta 1960 da aka gudanar a Jamus ta Gabas
Vuelta wani Venezuela da aka gudanar tun 1963.
Vuelta a Cuba da aka gudanar a 1964-2010.
Vuelta al Táchira da aka gudanar a Venezuela tun 1966.
An gudanar da yawon shakatawa na Qatar a cikin 2002-2016.
An gudanar da rangadin birnin Beijing a shekarar 2011-2014.
Yawon shakatawa na Dubai da aka gudanar a cikin 2014-2018.
Yawon shakatawa na Abu Dhabi da aka gudanar a cikin 2015-2018.
2016 UCI Road World Championships da aka gudanar a Qatar.
An gudanar da rangadin Guangxi tun daga shekarar 2017.
UAE Tour da aka gudanar tun 2019
An gudanar da yawon shakatawa na Femenino de Venezuela a cikin 2019.
An gudanar da rangadin Oman tun daga shekarar 2020.
Gasar cin kofin duniya ta UCI ta 2025 da aka shirya gudanarwa a Ruwanda.
Cricket
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket ta 1996 da aka gudanar a Sri Lanka.
Gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket ta 2003 da aka gudanar a Zimbabwe.
Gasar cin kofin duniya ta Cricket ta 2023 da aka gudanar a Indiya.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ What is sportswashing and why is it such a big problem?". Greenpeace UK. 23 March 2023. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ↑ Bergkvist, Lars; Skeiseid, Heidi (2024). "Sportswashing: exploiting sports to clean the dirty laundry". International Journal of Advertising. 43 (6): 1091–1109. doi:10.1080/02650487.2024.2310937
- ↑ Fruh, Kyle; and Wojtowicz, Jake (2023). "Sportswashing: Complicity and Corruption". Sport, Ethics and Philosophy. 17 (1): 101–118. doi:10.1080/17511321.2022.2107697.
- ↑ Wilson, Jonathan. "Sportswashing and Global Football's Immense Power". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 1 February 2023
- ↑ "Sportswashing, a new word for an old idea – Sportstar". 24 April 2020. Archived from the original on 24 April 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2021
- ↑ From the Qatar World Cup 2022 to F1, PSG, Newcastle Utd and Man City: 'Sportswashing' allegations explained". inews. 23 November 2021. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ↑ "Sportswashing: a growing threat to sport". Upstart. 17 September 2020. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
- ↑ Amnesty criticises Manchester City over 'sportswashing'". The Guardian. 11 November 2018. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
- ↑ Saudi Arabia has spent 'at least' $1.5bn on 'sportswashing'". Middle East Monitor. 29 March 2021. Archived from the original on 7 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2021.