Wasannin Paralympic na bazara
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| Iri | recurring sporting event (en)  |
|---|---|
| Validity (en) | 1960 – |
| Wasa | summer sport (en) |
| Has part(s) (en) | |
| 1960 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 1964 | |
| 1968 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 1972 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 1976 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 1980 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 1984 | |
| Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 1988 | |
| 1992 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 1996 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2000 | |
| 2004 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 2008 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 2012 Summer Paralympics | |
| 2016 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2020 | |
| Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024 | |
| 2028 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
| 2032 Summer Paralympics (en) | |
Wasannin Paralympics na bazara, wanda aka fi sani da Wasannin Paralympiad, taron wasanni ne na kasa da kasa inda 'yan wasa masu nakasa ke gasa. Wannan ya haɗa da 'yan wasa da ke da nakasa, yankewa, makanta, da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Ana gudanar da Wasannin Paralympic a kowace shekara huɗu, wanda kwamitin Paralympic na kasa da kasa ya shirya. Ana ba da lambobin yabo a kowane taron, tare da lambobin zinare don wuri na farko, azurfa don na biyu da tagulla don na uku, al'adar da Wasannin Olympics suka fara a 1904.
Amurka, Ingila da Japan kowannensu ya dauki bakuncin wasannin Paralympic na bazara sau biyu. Sauran kasashe goma sha ɗaya sun dauki bakuncin wasannin Paralympics na rani sau ɗaya, wannan jerin sun haɗa da: Australia, Brazil, Kanada, China, Faransa, Jamus, Girka, Isra'ila, Italiya, Netherlands, Koriya ta Kudu da Spain.
Ya zuwa wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024, kasashe goma sha huɗu sun fafata a kowane fitowar wasannin bazara: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Faransa, Great Britain, Ireland, Isra'ila, Italiya, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, da Amurka sun kasance wakilci a duk wasannin Paralympic na bazara. Daga wannan jerin, 6 sun sami lambobin zinare a duk bugu har zuwa 2024: Australia, Faransa, Great Britain, Italiya, Netherlands da Amurka.
Amurka ita ce kasa mafi girma (lambar) a wasannin Paralympic na bazara guda takwas: 1964, 1968, 1976, 1980, 1984, 1988, 1992 da 1996. Kasar Sin ita ce kasa mafi girma a wasannin China na baya-bayan nan, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020 da 2024. Sauran kasashe uku sun sami nasarar cimma wannan matsayi aƙalla sau ɗaya: Italiya (1960), Jamus (1972) da Ostiraliya (2000).
cancanta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Dokokin cancanta ga kowane wasanni na Paralympic an kafa su ne ta Tarayyar Duniya (IF) wacce ke jagorantar gasar cin kofin duniya ta wannan wasanni.
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An gudanar da wasannin Paralympic na farko a Roma, Italiya, a cikin 1960. 'Yan wasa 400 daga kasashe 23 sun fafata a wasannin 1960 duk da cewa 'yan wasa ne kawai a kan keken guragu suka fafata.
A Wasannin bazara na 1976 an haɗa 'yan wasa da nakasa daban-daban a karon farko a wasannin Paralympics na bazara. Tare da hada karin rarrabuwa na nakasassu, Wasannin bazara na 1976 sun fadada zuwa 'yan wasa 1,600 daga kasashe 40.[1]
Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 1988 sune na farko da za a shirya a wurare iri ɗaya (kuma don haka amfani da kayan aiki iri ɗaya) kamar Wasannin Olympics na wannan shekarar. Tun daga wannan lokacin, duk wasannin Paralympic yanzu ana gudanar da su a cikin wannan birni da ya dauki bakuncin wasannin Olympics, tare da rata na makonni biyu tsakanin kowannensu.
Rio de Janeiro ta gudanar da Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2016, ta zama birni na farko na Latin Amurka da Kudancin Amurka don karbar bakuncin wasannin bazara ko na hunturu. Tokyo ta dauki bakuncin Wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2020 wanda ya sanya shi birni na farko da ya dauki bakuncin wasanni sau biyu.
Rarrabawar aiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kowane mai shiga gasar Paralympics yana da nakasa a cikin ɗayan nau'ikan nakasa goma; ƙarancin ƙarfin tsoka, ƙarancin motsi, ƙaranci na gaɓoɓin hannu, bambancin tsawon kafa, gajeren tsayi, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, raunin gani da raunin hankali.[2] Kowane Wasanni na Paralympic yana da nasa rarrabuwa, dangane da takamaiman bukatun jiki na gasa. Ana ba wa abubuwan da suka faru lambar, wanda aka yi da lambobi da haruffa, wanda ke kwatanta nau'in taron da rarrabawar 'yan wasan da ke fafatawa. Wasu wasanni, kamar su wasanni, suna raba 'yan wasa ta hanyar nau'i da tsananin nakasa, wasu wasanni, misali yin iyo, masu fafatawa na rukuni daga nau'o'i daban-daban tare, rabuwa kawai ta dogara ne akan tsananin nakasassu. A cikin nau'ikan nakasassu goma har yanzu ana buƙatar raba 'yan wasa bisa ga matakin raunin su. Tsarin rarrabuwa ya bambanta daga wasanni zuwa wasanni kuma an yi niyya ne har ma da filin wasa don ba da damar 'yan wasa da yawa su shiga yadda zai yiwu. Rarrabawar ta bambanta daidai da ƙwarewa daban-daban da ake buƙata don yin wasan.
Yin harbi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Archery yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa da ke da nakasa ta jiki. Rarrabawar ta kasu kashi uku: W1, wanda ya ji rauni a kashin baya da kuma 'yan wasa masu fama da ƙwaƙwalwa tare da raunin dukkan gaɓoɓin huɗu. W2, masu amfani da keken guragu tare da cikakken aikin hannu. W3, tsaye ampute, Les Autres da cerebral palsy tsaye 'yan wasa. Wasu 'yan wasa a cikin rukuni masu tsaye za su zauna a kan babban kujera don tallafawa amma har yanzu za su sami ƙafafunsu suna taɓa ƙasa.[3]
Wasanni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wasanni suna buɗewa ga dukkan kungiyoyin nakasassu kuma suna amfani da tsarin rarrabuwa mai aiki. Wani taƙaitaccen jagorar rarrabuwa kamar haka: ƙaddamar da F don 'yan wasa na filin ko T don' yan wasan waƙa. F ko T 11-13 suna da nakasa, F ko T 20 suna da nakasar hankali, F ko C 32-38 suna da ƙwaƙwalwa, F ko S 40-46 an yanke su da Les Autres, T 51-54 masu tseren keken guragu da F 51-58 masu tseren filin keken gurgu.[4]
Boccia
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Boccia yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa da ke fama da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko yanayin jijiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da su waɗanda ke gasa daga keken guragu. An raba rarrabuwa zuwa ƙungiyoyi huɗu; BC1: 'Yan wasa ko dai masu jefawa ne ko' yan wasan ƙafa (tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa). 'Yan wasa na iya yin gasa tare da mataimakin BC2: Don jefa' yan wasa (tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa). 'Yan wasan bazai sami mataimakin BC3: 'Yan wasa (tare da nakasa mai tsanani) waɗanda ke amfani da na'urar taimako kuma mutum na iya taimaka musu, amma wannan mataimakin dole ne ya ajiye baya zuwa kotu. BC4: Don jefa 'yan wasa. 'Yan wasan bazai sami mataimakin (ba ƙwaƙwalwa ba). [5]
Gudun keke
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gudun keke yana buɗewa ga waɗanda aka yanke, Les Autres, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da 'yan wasa marasa gani waɗanda ke gasa a cikin tseren hanya da abubuwan da suka faru. An raba rarrabuwa zuwa kashi 2, 3 da 4. 'Yan wasa a rukuni na biyu sune mafi yawan nakasassu. Duk da yake 'yan wasa a cikin rukuni na huɗu ana ɗaukar su da aiki mafi girma. 'Yan wasan da ba su gani ba suna gasa tare da tsarin rarrabuwa daban. Suna hawa tare da jagora mai gani. An yanke shi, rauni na kashin baya da masu fafatawa na Les Autres suna gasa a cikin rukuni na LC1 - don mahayan da ke da nakasa a kafa ɗaya amma waɗanda ke iya yin pedal yadda ya kamata, LC3 - ainihin ga mahayan da suke da nakasa da kafa ɗaya kawai, da LC4 don mahayan masu nakasa da ke shafar kafafu biyu.[6]
Mai hawan doki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Horseman yana buɗewa ga dukkan kungiyoyin nakasassu, tare da mahayan da aka raba zuwa maki huɗu. Grade 1 ya haɗa da mahayan da ke da nakasa sosai tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, Les Autres da raunin kashin baya. Grade 2 ya haɗa da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, Les Autres, raunin kashin baya da mahayan da aka yanke tare da ma'auni mai ma'ana da kulawar ciki. Matsayi na 3 shine don ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, Les Autres, amputee, raunin kashin baya da kuma 'yan wasa makafi gaba ɗaya tare da daidaituwa mai kyau, motsi da daidaitawa. Grade 4 ya haɗa da 'yan wasa waɗanda ke da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, Les Autres, yankewa (s), raunin kashin baya da / ko waɗanda ke da rauni a gani. Wannan rukuni na ƙarshe ya ƙunshi 'yan wasa masu tafiya tare da ko dai rashin gani ko rashin aiki na hannu / kafa.
Ginin da aka yi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Fencing yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasan keken guragu. Akwai nau'o'i uku kawai; aji na A ya haɗa da waɗancan 'yan wasa masu ma'auni mai kyau da murmurewa da cikakken motsi na akwati; aji na B na waɗanda ke da ma'aunin ma'aikatar da murmukewa amma cikakken amfani da ɗaya ko duka bangarorin sama; aji na C na 'yan wasa ne masu fama da mummunan rauni na jiki a cikin dukkan bangarorin huɗu.[7]
Kwallon ƙafa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Akwai nau'o'i biyu na kwallon kafa da aka buga a wasannin Paralympics. Wanda a halin yanzu a cikin wasannin Paralympics shine ƙwallon ƙafa makaho, wanda aka fi sani da ƙwallon ƙwallon 5-a-gefe, wanda ke buɗewa ga duk 'yan wasan da ba su gani ba. Tunda akwai matakai daban-daban na raunin gani, duk 'yan wasan sai dai mai tsaron gida (wanda ke aiki a matsayin jagora) ana buƙatar sanya inuwa. Girman filin ya fi karami fiye da ƙwallon ƙafa mai iyawa, akwai 'yan wasa biyar kawai a filin wasa kuma kwallon yana yin sauti. In ba haka ba, dokoki daidai suke da ƙwallon ƙafa mai ƙwarewa.[8] An dakatar da kwallon kafa na 7-a-side, wanda ke buɗewa ga 'yan wasa da ke fama da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa bayan 2016. 'Yan wasan da ke fafatawa a wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na 7-a-gefe an raba su zuwa aji na 5, 6, 7 da 8. Dukkanin azuzuwan sun hada da 'yan wasa masu tafiya; aji na 5 shine mafi ƙarancin iyawa a jiki, yana ci gaba zuwa aji na 8 waɗanda ke da ƙarancin tasiri. Dole ne ƙungiyoyi su haɗa da aƙalla ɗan wasa ɗaya daga ko dai aji na 5 ko 6. Bugu da ƙari, ba a yarda da 'yan wasa fiye da uku daga aji na 8 su yi wasa a lokaci guda ba. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa ana buga wasan tare da 'yan wasa bakwai sauran dokoki da girman filin wasa iri ɗaya ne da ƙwallon ƙafa mai iyawa.[9] A shekara ta 1984, an kuma gudanar da gasar kwallon kafa ta keken guragu 7-a-gefe.
Goalball
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Goalball yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa marasa gani waɗanda dole ne su sa abin rufe fuska "baƙar fata" don tabbatar da cewa duk mahalarta zasu iya yin gasa daidai, don haka kawar da buƙatar rarrabuwa. Kwallon yana da kararrawa a ciki don taimakawa 'yan wasan su amsa ga kwallon. Ana buƙatar cikakkiyar shiru a wurin don 'yan wasa su iya daidaita kansu da kuma tabbatar da adalci.[10]
Judo
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Judo yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa marasa gani. Dokokin iri ɗaya ne da judo mai iyawa sai dai ana ba 'yan wasan damar tuntuɓar abokin hamayyarsu kafin fara wasan. Babu rarrabuwa; an raba mahalarta zuwa nau'ikan nauyi kamar yadda 'yan wasan judo masu iyawa suke.[11]
Rashin ƙarfi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Powerlifting yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, raunin kashin baya, yankewa (ƙananan gaɓoɓin kawai), da Les Autres. Tunda gasar gwaji ne na ƙarfin jiki na sama rarrabuwa ta hanyar nauyin nauyi kamar yadda yake a gasar motsa jiki mai ƙarfi.[12]
Jirgin Ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An dakatar da Sailing a matsayin wasan Paralympic bayan 2016. Jirgin ruwa yana buɗewa ga waɗanda aka yanke, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, waɗanda ba su gani ba, waɗanda suka ji rauni a kashin baya da kuma 'yan wasa na Les Autres. Akwai abubuwa uku, daya don jirage guda, biyu, da uku. Rarraba don tafiya a cikin taron mutum uku ya dogara ne akan tsarin maki na aiki tare da ƙananan maki ga 'yan wasa masu nakasa sosai da ke tashi ta hanyar sikelin zuwa manyan maki ga' yan wasa marasa nakasa. Kwamitin rarrabawa yana kimanta kowane ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa kuma yana ba da maki daga ɗaya zuwa bakwai bisa ga matakin iyawarsu. Kowane ma'aikaci na uku an ba da izinin maki 14. Za'a iya yin amfani da taron mutum ɗaya ba tare da la'akari da maki ba, amma mai tuƙin jirgin ruwa dole ne ya sami aƙalla matakin nakasa wanda ke hana su yin gasa daidai da ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa masu iyawa. An tsara taron mutum biyu ne don 'yan wasa masu nakasa sosai.[13]
Yin harbi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yin harbi yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa masu nakasa ta jiki. Akwai nau'o'i biyu kawai na gasa, keken guragu da tsaye. Akwai nau'ikan abubuwan da suka faru guda biyu, bindiga da bindiga. Ana rarraba 'yan wasan zuwa azuzuwan bisa ga aikin jikinsu na sama, daidaituwa, ƙarfin tsoka da motsi na hannu. Kungiyoyin uku sune masu fafatawa na SH1 ba sa buƙatar wurin harbi, masu fafatawar SH2 ba za su iya tallafawa nauyin bindigar ba kuma suna buƙatar wurin harbe-harbe, kuma masu fafatawan SH3-Rifle tare da nakasa ta gani.[14]
Yin iyo
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gasar yin iyo ta Paralympic tana nuna dukkan bugun jini huɗu da aka yi amfani da su a gasar yin iyo. An rarraba rarrabuwa zuwa rukuni uku: S1 zuwa S10 sune wadanda ke da nakasa ta jiki. S1 zai sami mafi munin rauni kuma S10 ƙaramin rauni. Ana yin hukunci da 'yan wasa bisa ga ƙarfin tsoka, kewayon motsi na haɗin gwiwa, tsawon gaɓoɓin da daidaita motsi. S11 zuwa S13 sune wadanda ke da nakasa ta gani. S11 zai sami hangen nesa kaɗan ko babu hangen nesa, S12 na iya gane siffar hannu kuma yana da wasu damar gani, S13 ya fi hangen nesa fiye da sauran nau'o'i biyu amma ƙasa da digiri 20 na hangen nesa. S14 na 'yan wasa ne da ke da nakasa ta hankali.[15]
Tennis na tebur
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tennis na tebur yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa masu nakasa ta jiki. Akwai abubuwan da suka faru na mutum, sau biyu, da ƙungiya. Wasan yana da saiti 5 na maki 11 kowannensu. An raba 'yan wasan zuwa kashi goma bisa ga matakin aikinsu. Darussan 1 zuwa 5 na 'yan wasa ne da ke fafatawa daga keken guragu tare da aji na 1 shine mafi yawan nakasassu kuma aji na 5 shine mafi ƙarancin nakasassu. Kwalejin 6 zuwa 10 sun haɗa da 'yan wasa masu tafiya tare da aji na 6 mafi yawan nakasassu da aji na 10 mafi ƙanƙanta.[16]
Kwallon volleyball
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Volleyball yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa da ke da nakasa ta jiki kuma ana yin sa ne daga wurin zama. A cikin volleyball mai zama, kotun ta fi karami fiye da kotun da aka saba da ita kuma tana da ƙananan net. A cikin wasannin da ke zaune kawai dokar rarrabawa ita ce cewa kowace kungiya na iya samun ɗan wasa ɗaya kawai wanda ya dace da ƙa'idar ƙarancin nakasassu, wanda shine cewa nakasassu ta hana su yin gasa daidai da 'yan wasa masu iyawa. Sauran 'yan wasan a cikin tawagar dole ne su nuna matakin nakasa mafi girma.[17] An dakatar da wasan volleyball a matsayin wasan Paralympic bayan shekara ta 2000.
Kwallon kwando na keken guragu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kwando yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasan keken guragu. Ana rarraba 'yan wasan keken guragu bisa ga iyawarsu ta jiki kuma ana ba su maki tsakanin 0.5 - 4.5. Mutanen da ke da ƙididdigar 0.5 sune mafi yawan nakasassu kuma waɗanda ke da 4.5 sune mafi ƙarancin nakasassu. Kungiyar da ke kotun ta ƙunshi 'yan wasa biyar kuma ba za ta iya wuce jimlar maki 14 a kowane lokaci ba.[18]
Rugby na keken guragu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana rarraba 'yan wasa a kan tsarin maki mai kama da kwando na keken guragu, tare da' yan wasan da suka fi nakasa da aka ba su maki 0.5 wanda ya tashi zuwa maki 3.5. Kowace ƙungiya tana da 'yan wasa huɗu kuma an ba da izinin maki takwas a kotu a kowane lokaci.[19]
Tennis na keken guragu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana buga wasan tennis a wasannin Paralympics tare da dukkan dokoki iri ɗaya kamar wasan tennis mai iyawa ban da cewa an ba da izinin kwallon ya yi tsalle sau biyu, kuma tsalle na farko dole ne ya kasance a cikin iyakokin kotun. Yana buɗewa ga 'yan wasa tare da nakasa mai alaƙa da motsi wanda ke nufin cewa ba za su iya yin gasa daidai da' yan wasan tennis masu iyawa ba. Ana buga wasan ne daga keken guragu, tare da azuzuwan biyu, paraplegic (akalla kafa ɗaya dole ne ya sami asarar aiki na dindindin da mai yawa) da quadriplegic (aƙalla gaɓoɓin uku dole ne su sami asarar aikin dindindin kuma mai yawa). [20]
Tebur din lambobin yabo na kowane lokaci
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
yana wakiltar ƙasashen da suka lashe akalla lambar azurfa ɗaya amma babu lambar zinare.
yana wakiltar ƙasashen da suka lashe akalla lambar tagulla ɗaya (babu zinariya ko azurfa).
yana wakiltar ƙasashe masu halarta waɗanda ba su sami lambobin yabo ba.
Kasashen da ba su taɓa shiga gasar Paralympics ta bazara ba
Teburin da ke ƙasa yana amfani da bayanan hukuma da Kwamitin Paralympic na Duniya ya bayar.matsayi bayan wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2024
Wasannin Paralympics na bazara (1960-2024)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Jerin wasannin Paralympic
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wasanni daban-daban sun kasance wani ɓangare na shirin Paralympic a wani lokaci ko wani.
Current sport No longer included
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Jerin Wasannin Paralympic na bazara
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| Games | Paralympiad | Host | Opened by | Dates | Nations | Competitors | Sports | Events | Top Nation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Men | Women | |||||||||
| 1 | 1960 |  Rome, Italy |
Camillo Giardina | 18–25 September 1960 | 23 | 400 | 8 | 114 | Italy (ITA) | ||
| 2 | 1964 |  Tokyo, Japan |
Crown Prince Akihito | 3–12 November 1964 | 21 | 375 | 307 | 68 | 9 | 144 | United States (USA) |
| 3 | 1968 |  Tel Aviv, Israel |
Yigal Allon | 4–13 November 1968 | 29 | 750 | 10 | 181 | United States (USA) | ||
| 4 | 1972 |  Heidelberg, West Germany |
President Gustav Heinemann | 2–11 August 1972 | 41 | 1,004 | 187 | West Germany (FRG) | |||
| 5 | 1976 |  Toronto, Canada |
Lieutenant Governor Pauline Mills McGibbon | 3–11 August 1976 | 32 | 1,657 | 1,404 | 253 | 13 | 447 | United States (USA) |
| 6 | 1980 |  Arnhem, Netherlands |
Princess Margriet | 21–30 June 1980 | 42 | 1,973 | 12 | 489 | United States (USA) | ||
| 7 | 1984 |  New York City, United States |
President Ronald Reagan | 17–30 June 1984 | 45 | 1,800 | 15 | 300 | United States (USA) | ||
 Stoke Mandeville, United Kingdom |
Charles, Prince of Wales | 22 July – 1 August 1984 | 41 | 1,100 | 10 | 603 | Great Britain (GBR) | ||||
| 8 | 1988 |  Seoul, South Korea |
President Roh Tae-woo | 15–24 October 1988 | 61 | 3,057 | 17 | 732 | United States (USA) | ||
| 9 | 1992 |  Barcelona, Spain |
Queen Sofía of Spain | 3–14 September 1992 | 82 | 3,020 | 20 | 555 | United States (USA) | ||
| Madrid, Spain |
15–22 September 1992 | 75 | 1,600 | ||||||||
| 10 | 1996 | Atlanta, United States |
Vice President Al Gore | 16–25 August 1996 | 104 | 3,259 | 2,469 | 790 | 17 | 508 | United States (USA) |
| 11 | 2000 |  Sydney, Australia |
Governor-General Sir William Deane | 18–29 October 2000 | 123 | 3,881 | 2,891 | 990 | 19 | 551 | Australia (AUS) |
| 12 | 2004 |  Athens, Greece |
President Konstantinos Stephanopoulos | 17–28 September 2004 | 135 | 3,806 | 2,646 | 1,160 | 518 | China (CHN) | |
| 13 | 2008 |  Beijing, China |
President Hu Jintao | 6–17 September 2008 | 146 | 3,951 | 472 | China (CHN) | |||
| 14 | 2012 | London, United Kingdom |
Queen Elizabeth II | 29 August – 9 September 2012 | 164 | 4,302 | 20 | 503 | China (CHN) | ||
| 15 | 2016 |  Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
President Michel Temer | 7–18 September 2016 | 160 | 4,342 | 22 | 528 | China (CHN) | ||
| 16 | 2020 |  Tokyo, Japan |
Emperor Naruhito | 24 August – 5 September 2021[a] | 162 | 4,520 | 539 | China (CHN) | |||
| 17 | 2024 |  Paris, France |
President Emmanuel Macron | 28 August – 8 September 2024 | 170 | 4,463 | 549 | China (CHN) | |||
| 18 | 2028 | Los Angeles, United States |
15–27 August 2028 | Future event | 23 | 560 | Future event | ||||
| 19 | 2032 | Brisbane, Australia |
24 August – 5 September 2032 | Future event | |||||||
| 20 | 2036 | TBA | Future event | ||||||||
An jinkirta zuwa 24 ga Agusta zuwa 5 ga Satumba 2021, saboda annobar COVID-19, wanda ke nuna karo na farko da aka jinkirta wasannin Paralympic. Har yanzu ana kiransu wasannin Paralympics na bazara na 2020, koda tare da canjin jadawalin zuwa shekara guda bayan haka.[22]
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "History of the Paralympic Games". Government of Canada. Archived from the original on 2010-03-12. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "IPC Classification - Paralympic Categories & How to Qualify".
- ↑ "Archery". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on September 13, 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "Athletics". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "Boccia rules of play" (PDF). Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association. pp. 6–8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-05-25. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "Cycling". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 4, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "Fencing Classification Rules" (PDF). International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation. p. 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-14. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "Football 5-a-side". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Football". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Goalball". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Judo". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Powerlifting". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on September 12, 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Sailing". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Shooting". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Swimming". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Table Tennis". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Volleyball". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on March 23, 2010. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Basketball". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
- ↑ "Wheelchair Rugby". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Wheelchair Tennis". International Paralympic Committee. Retrieved 2010-04-08.
- ↑ "Paralympic Games - Summer and Winter Paralympics". International Paralympic Committee.
- ↑ "Joint Statement from the International Olympic Committee and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee - Olympic News". International Olympic Committee (in Turanci). 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.