Watson Kirkconnell

Watson Kirkconnell
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Port Hope (en) , 16 Mayu 1895
ƙasa	Kanada
Mutuwa	26 ga Faburairu, 1977
Karatu
Harsuna	Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	linguist (en) da mai aikin fassara
Kyaututtuka	gani Officer of the Order of Canada Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada honorary doctorate at the Laval University  (1962)
Mamba	Royal Society of Canada (en)

Watson Kirkconnell
An haife shi	(1895-05-16) 16 ga Mayu 1895Port Hope, Ontario, Kanada Ontario" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Port Hope, Ontario">Port Hope, Ontario, Kanada
Ya mutu	26 Fabrairu 1977 (1977-02-26) (shekaru 81) Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Kanada
Kyaututtuka	Dokar Kanada

Watson Kirkconnell
An haife shi	(1895-05-16) 16 ga Mayu 1895Port Hope, Ontario, Kanada Ontario" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Port Hope, Ontario">Port Hope, Ontario, Kanada
Ya mutu	26 Fabrairu 1977 (1977-02-26) (shekaru 81) Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Kanada
Kyaututtuka	Dokar Kanada

Watson Kirkconnell, OC FRSC (16 ga Mayu 1895 - 26 ga Fabrairu 1977) masanin wallafe-wallafen Kanada ne, mawaki, marubucin wasan kwaikwayo, masanin harshe, satirist, kuma Mai fassara.

Kirkconnell an haife shi a Port Hope, Ontario a cikin dangin Scotland-Kanada mai girman kai wanda ya fito daga United Empire Loyalists da kuma baƙi na kwanan nan daga Tsibirin Biritaniya . Bayan yakin duniya na daya ya katse karatunsa na jami'a, Kyaftin Watson Kirkconnell ya yi matukar takaicin yadda aka sanya shi a matsayin wanda bai dace da aikin likita ba a lokacin da ya rage kwanaki kadan da tura shi zuwa Yammacin Gabar tare da Rundunar Kanada . A maimakon haka ya kashe sauran yakin yana gadin Babban Powers POWs a Fort Henry da sansanin Kapuskasing a cikin karkarar Ontario .

Bayan Armistice na 1918, ya shiga aikin koyarwa na jami'a kuma ya zama sanannen mawaki a duniya, mai fassara waƙoƙi, da kuma mai sukar adabi. Bayan ya koyi sosai daga abin da ya koyar game da wallafe-wallafen duniya ga ɗalibansa, Kirkconnell ya yi sababbin sababbin koyarwa kuma ya zama babban masanin ilimi na jama'a, wanda ya yada kuma ya yi tir da Cin zarafin 'yancin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin Fascism, Nazism, da Stalinism.

Ga fassarorin da ya yi da yawa na waƙoƙin ƙasarsu da kuma "Sabon Kanada" mawaƙa waɗanda suka rubuta a cikin Harsunan baƙi, Kirkconnell ya kasance sananne sosai a Iceland, Poland, Hungary, tsohuwar Yugoslavia, da Ukraine. Don waƙoƙinsa na asali, wasan kwaikwayo na aya, da wasan kwaikwayo mai sauƙi, Kirkconnell ya yi amfani da tarihin Kanada da na duniya kuma yayin da yake yin koyi da mawaƙa da masu wasan kwaikwayo daga ko'ina cikin wallafe-wallafen duniya. Ya kuma kasance ƙwararren satirist, kamar yadda aka gani a cikin ayoyinsa na Robert Burns kuma, a cikin "Rain on the Waste Land", na T.S. Eliot.

Saboda muhawara da ya yi game da abin da ya gani a matsayin Anglocentrism na kasarsa da al'adunta da kuma amfani da zane-zane da zane-zanen mosaic don tallafawa rungumar Al'adun Kanada da yawa da yawa, abokinsa, mai haɗin gwiwa wajen fassara wallafe-wallafen Ukrainian da shayari, da abokin aiki na jami'a C.H. Andrusyshen tare da kusan kawo ƙarshen nuna bambanci ga 'yan Kanada na White-Saxon da asalin al'adun Protestant. An kira shi uban al'adu da yawa a Kanada.

Ya kuma kasance, abin mamaki, mai ban sha'awa sosai, mai ba da shawara na tsawon rayuwa, kuma mai imani da pseudosciences na eugenics da wariyar launin fata na kimiyya. Har ma da abin mamaki, Kirkconnell ya kasance mai adawa da Yahudawa a matsayin saurayi kuma a matsayin tsoho, lokacin da ya rungumi musun Holocaust a ƙarƙashin tasirin masanin ilimin makirci William Guy Carr; amma a cikin lokacin da ya shiga tsakani ya yi kuma ya buga fassarorin adabi na ayoyin da mawaƙa Yahudawa ke sha'awarsa. Bugu da ƙari, yayin da Kirkconnell ya yi jinkirin hukunta Nazism a watan Mayu 1939, ya canza ra'ayinsa kuma ya yi amfani da lambobin sadarwa da yawa don taimakawa wajen tattara al'ummomin baƙi na Kanada don tallafawa kokarin yaƙi na Allied. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin 1943 ya yaba wa wadanda aka kashe a cikin Holocaust a cikin waka mai taken "Agony of Israel" kuma a cikin 1962 ya yi wa akidar Soviet da Nazi ba'a a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na bala'i na Girka game da Fitowa.

A lokaci guda, kamar tsoffin sojan Amurka da Kanada na Brigades na Duniya a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Spain, waɗanda galibi ana cin zarafinsu saboda kasancewa "masu adawa da Fascists" bayan sun dawo gida, Kirkconnell ya yi irin wannan cin zarafi, ba kawai daga 'yan jarida da' yan siyasa na Soviet ba, har ma da na Kanada, saboda kasancewa "mai adawa da Stalinist". Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da rubutawa da magana a fili game da Laifukan yaki na Soviet, Tsanantawa ta addini, Holodomor, da sauran cin zarafin bil'adama, da kuma abin da ya gani a matsayin barazanar cikin gida da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Kanada da ke goyon bayan Soviet da kuma ayyukan ɓoye na KGB da GRU a ƙasar Kanada suka kawo. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Firayim Minista William Lyon Mackenzie King ya yi la'akari da yin aiki don kare kawancen soja na Kanada tare da USSR ta hanyar yin shiru Kirkconnell tare da umarni a cikin majalisa. Sai kawai bayan ficewar jami'in leken asiri na soja na Soviet a shekarar 1945 ne gwamnatin Kanada ta yi kuma ayyukan leken asiri sun fara daukar ikirarin Kirkconnell da gaske kuma sun yanke shawarar daukar shi a matsayin mai ba da labari. Duk da haka, Kirkconnell ya kasance mai sukar Sanata na Amurka Joseph McCarthy, wanda ya zarge shi da lalata adawa da kwaminisanci ta hanyar yin aiki a cikin, "wani mummunan abu da ba daidai ba".

Kodayake hangen nesa na Kirkconnell na farko don al'adu da yawa an yi niyya ne don sa kasarsa ba ta da Anglocentric kuma ta fi karɓar kawai na 'yan Kanada waɗanda ke magana da Harsunan baƙi kuma suna da tushen kakanninmu a cikin ƙasashen Turai ban da Burtaniya, an fadada ra'ayin kafin da kuma tun bayan mutuwarsa don kuma amincewa da gudummawar al'adu na mutanen First Nation da sauran wadanda ba na Whites ba.

Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun fassarorin wallafe-wallafen Hungary shine na János Arany's The Bards na Wales, wani ballad na 1864 wanda ke sukar nasarar da Sarki Edward Longshanks ya yi a Wales, amma wanda aka yi niyya ne a matsayin ɓoyayyen zargi na Sarkin sarakuna Franz Joseph game da cin nasarar Juyin juya halin Hungary na 1848, kuma Kirkconnell ya fassara cikin wannan idiom kamar Child ballads. Bugu da ƙari, fassarar Watson Kirkconnell ta 1933 na yakin duniya na soja-poet Géza Gyóni's iconic anti-war poem, Csak egy Xerzakára ("For Just One Night"), wanda aka kirkiro a lokacin Siege na Przemyśl a 1915 kuma ya tashi daga birnin da aka kewaye da shi ta jirgin sama don bugawa a Budapest, wanda Kirkconnell ya fassara cikin wannan idiom kamar yadda mawaƙan yaƙi na Ingila Siegfried Sassoon, Wilfred Owen, da Isaac Rosenberg, ya kasance kamar yadda ya shahara.

Tarihin iyali

Kakannin kakannin Watson Kirkconnell sun samo sunan sunansu daga ƙauyen kuma sun lalata gidan sufi na Kirkconnel . Su Presbyterians ne, ya yi magana Galwegian Gaelic, sun saka Clan Douglas tartan, kuma sun yi noma kusa da Kirkcudbright, a Dumfries da Galloway . Saboda abin da Kirkconnell daga baya ya yi masa lakabi da, "kusan kisan kiyashi na duniya na tarihin tarihin Scotland a lokacin gyarawa ", ba za a iya gano tarihinsa tare da cikakkiyar daidaito ko danganta shi ba, kamar yadda ya yi zargin cewa lamarin ya kasance, ga wani reshe na Clan Douglas ko Clan Maxwell lairds na Kirkconnel. Ziyarar Kirkconnell na kansa zuwa ƙauyen kakanninsa ya ƙarfafa waƙarsa ta asali "Kirkconnell, Galloway, AD 600. Ya Ziyarci AD 1953" . Mawakin ya yi la'akari da yadda al'adun yankin da bikin ranar Kirsimeti suka canza tun lokacin da Kirkconnell Abbey ya kafa St. Conal, wani malamin Culdee kuma mai mishan na Cocin Celtic . Yanayin, in ji sharhi, ya kasance bai canza ba kuma ya yi kira ga masu karatunsa su rungumi tsoron da kakanninsu suka taɓa ji kafin bayyanar da jiki da kuma haihuwar Yesu Kristi .

A cikin, "kusan ƙaramin rikici a cikin babban raƙuman shige da fice na Scotland wanda ya gudana zuwa Kanada", Walter Kirkconnell (1795-1860), kakan mawaki, ya tashi zuwa Sabon Duniya a cikin 1819 kuma ya zauna a matsayin majagaba a Chatham Township, Argenteuil County, Quebec. A sakamakon binciken da Majalisar Scotland ta yi a 1953 a kan bukatar Kirkconnell, ya fahimci cewa kowa da kowa mai suna Kirkconnell ya shiga cikin 'yan gudun hijira na Scotland kuma babu wanda ke da sunan mahaifi ɗaya da ke zaune a Scotland.

A lokacin, ƙawancen Gaelic da masu magana da harshen Gaelic da baƙi na son rai daga Perthshire ne ke sasanta Garin Chatham ( Scottish Gaelic ). Walter Kirkconnell don haka ya auri ɗaya daga cikinsu; Mary McCallum, 'yar John da Janet (née McDiarmid) McCallum, daga gidan gona da aka fi sani da "Carnban" a cikin abin da yanzu ya zama ƙauye mai rugujewa kuma ba shi da cikakken jama'a a Glen Lyon ( Scottish Gaelic ). Ibadar da aka gyara a cikin garin Chatham ta ci gaba da yin waƙar zabura na Gaelic na musamman a ƙarni na 16 a cikin wani nau'i da aka sani da gaba da layi . A cikin tsufanta, Maryamu (née McCallum) Kirkconnell, duk da cewa ta makance, har yanzu tana iya rera dukkan Zabura 154 na Gaelic Metrical na Scotland daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

Kakan mahaifiyar Kirkconnell, Christopher Watson, ya yi hijira daga Alston, Cumberland zuwa Upper Canada a 1819 kuma ya zama malamin makaranta a York, daga baya aka sake masa suna Toronto. Yaron Christopher, Thomas Watson, ya karɓi aikin mahaifinsa kuma ya koyar a makarantu a Allanburg, Beachwood, Lundy's Lane, Stamford, da Port Hope, Ontario. A shekara ta 1851, Thomas Watson ya auri Margaret Elma Green na Lundy's Lane, wata mace ta fito ne daga Welsh-American United Empire Loyalists, da kuma 'yan gudun hijirar Burtaniya na baya-bayan nan zuwa Kanada tare da asalin Jamusanci da Mutanen Espanya.

Iyayen Kirkconnell, Thomas Kirkconnell (1862-1934) da Bertha (née Watson) Kirkconnell (an haife su a Port Hope, Ontario lokacin da aka haifi 'ya'yansu na farko.

Rayuwa ta farko

An haifi Watson Kirkconnell a ranar 16 ga Mayu 1895 a Port Hope, Ontario, inda mahaifinsa, Thomas Kirkconnell, ya kasance shugaban makarantar sakandare ta Port Hope . Kirkconnell yaro ne mara lafiya kuma an jinkirta shigar da shi na tsawon shekaru biyu a makarantar jama'a ta Port Hope kuma ya fara karatun ne kawai yana da shekaru bakwai. Duk da jinkirin, Kirkconnell ya tabbatar da cewa ɗalibi ne mai ƙwarewa sosai kuma an ba shi izinin sau biyu ya tsallake maki.

Kirkconnell daga baya ya yaba da ƙaunarsa ga shayari ga tasirin kakan mahaifiyarsa, Thomas Watson, wanda daga baya ya bayyana shi a matsayin, "mai launin toka... ginshiƙi na cocin Methodist na gida". Thomas Watson ya yi amfani da shi don ya ba da lada ga jikansa ta hanyar ba shi santimita ɗaya ga kowane sashi da ya haddace daga Waƙoƙin Allah da Ɗabi'a na Isaac Watts. Kirkconnell daga baya ya tuna, "Daga dukkan kundin da aka yi wa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, na sami kuɗi mai yawa, abubuwan tunawa da ba za a iya mantawa da su ba na ayoyi masu yawa, da kuma ƙaunar da ba za mu iya mantawa ba. Babu ɗayanmu da ya yi mafarki cewa bayan waƙoƙin Watts da yawa sun kafa waƙoƙi masu kyau na Latin na Jesuit na Poland Kazimierz Sarbiewski (1595-1640). "

Kirkconnell ya ci gaba da tunawa da cewa "farkon wayar da kan jama'a game da aikin jarida na ƙaramin gari ya zo" bayan "ci gaba na Kirsimeti na biyu". The Port Hope Guide ya ba da rahoton cewa "wani lauya na cikin gida" ya nuna rashin amincewa da fushi a lokacin taron Kwamitin makaranta cewa ba a inganta ɗansa ba kuma ya zargi Watson Kirkconnell da "tabbatar", kawai saboda mahaifinsa shine shugaban Makarantar Sakandare ta Port Hope. Saboda wannan dalili, dangin Kirkconnell sun ji an tabbatar da su kuma sun yi farin ciki sosai a lokacin rani mai zuwa, bayan wannan jaridar ta buga sakamakon "Jarabawar Gudanarwa" na Lardin. Wadannan sun tabbatar da cewa dan shugaban makarantar ya zira kwallaye, "kusan maki hamsin sama da kowa a garin ko gundumar".

A lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha biyu, Kirkconnell ya nemi kuma ya sami baftisma da zama memba a cikin Ikklisiya Baptist ta Port Hope . A cewar J.M.R. Beveridge, "Ta haka ne ya fara jajircewarsa ga Kristanci wanda, kodayake yana ƙarƙashin lokutan shakku, wani lokacin watakila ma yana gabatowa, ya tsira kuma ya balaga. A duk rayuwarsa ta girma ya taka rawar gani kuma a lokuta da yawa yana jagorantar rawar da yake takawa a cikin ƙungiyar Baptist. " Kirkconnell, duk da haka, ya yi la'akari da barin bangaskiyar Baptist a matsayin saurayi, kuma a matsayin dattijo ya fi dacewa da kusanci da Kiristanci da Bishara fiye da yawancin takwar sa. Misali, rubuce-rubucensa a cikin tarihinsa cewa masu bishara waɗanda "ba tare da saninsa ba ko da gangan ba su kula da abubuwan Zoroastrian a cikin Tunanin Ibrananci na farko... suna da hayaniya ba tare da ilimi ba" kuma suna nuna "ƙaunar waka fiye da tauhidin".

Har ila yau, a matsayin yaro a Port Hope, Kirkconnell ya nuna sha'awar ilimin ƙasa ta hanyar halartar lacca game da tarihin yankin, Ice Age glaciers, da Glacial Lake Iroquois na Arthur Philemon Coleman, wanda ke ziyara daga Jami'ar Toronto. Bayan haka, Kirkconnell ya tuna, "tafiya da keke a cikin ƙauyuka yanzu sun ɗauki sabon ma'ana", kuma bayan iyalin suka koma Lindsay, Ontario a cikin 1908, Kirkconnell sun ci gaba da bincike kan tarihin yankin da kuma yadda ya tsara wuri mai faɗi.

A lokacin da ya kammala makarantar sakandare, Kirkconnell ya koyi Latin, Faransanci, Jamusanci, da Girkanci, kuma an fallasa shi ga ayyukan kwatankwacin ilimin harshe. Daga baya ya rubuta, "Ayyukan rayuwata sun fi kasancewa a fagen nazarin harshe fiye da kowane ɗayan".

A shekara ta 1913, bisa ga shawarar mahaifinsa, Kirkconnell ya fara karatu a makarantar mahaifinsa ta Jami'ar Sarauniya a Kingston. Ko da yake lissafi ya kasance mafi kyawun darasi a makarantar sakandare, Kirkconnell ya ci gaba da girmamawa a cikin Classic kuma ya kammala karatu a matsayin mai lashe lambar yabo sau biyu a Latin da Girkanci. Ya sami digiri na Master of Arts a shekarar 1916.

Yaƙin Duniya na I

A ranar 4 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1914, Kirkconnell yana halartar Jami'ar Sarauniya a lokacin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na I. Ko da yake yana fatan ganin yaƙi a Faransa, Kirkconnell ya zaɓi, kamar yadda J.R.R. Tolkien ya yi, don jinkirta shiga har sai bayan kammala karatunsa.

Ɗan'uwansa, Walter Kirkconnell, ya shiga cikin Royal Montreal Regiment a ranar 5 ga watan Agusta 1914. Bayan horo a cikin laka na Salisbury Plain, an kashe Lt. Walter Kirkconnell a cikin aiki a lokacin Yaƙin Amiens a ranar 8 ga watan Agusta 1918, lokacin da Rundunar Sojojin Kanada a karkashin umurninsa ta shiga cikin gidan bindigar Jamus a cikin filin hatsi kusa da Villers-Bretonneux .

A watan Agustan 1916, Kirkconnell ya ba da kansa don yin aiki a Yammacin Gabas. A watan Nuwamba 1916, duk da cewa Manjo PGC Campbell ya nemi shi da kansa kuma jim kadan kafin a tura shi kasashen waje tare da Battalion na 253, Kyaftin Kirkconnell ya zama bai dace da aikin yaƙi ba ta hanyar Kwamitin Kiwon Lafiya guda uku da suka biyo baya.

Wani Kyaftin Watson Kirkconnell wanda ya yi matukar takaici ya kwashe sauran yakin yana kula da POWs da fararen hula a Fort Henry da kuma sansanin fursunoni na Kapus heart, duka a yankunan karkara na Ontario. A cikin kalmominsa, "Majalisar fursunoni Slovaks ne, Ruthenians, da Polish. Akwai kuma Turks ɗari, 'yan Bulgars, Magyar ko biyu, da kuma 'yan Austrians na gaskiya. Rashin sani, masu tausayi, marasa aiki, yawancin waɗannan masu shiga sun kasance ainihin jiki na Zuciya ... akwai rinjaye tsakanin waɗannan daruruwan kawuna masu kauri da wani abu mai ban mamaki cewa ga kowace rana ta bautarsu za su sami a ƙarshen yaƙin wani abu mai cin nasara na dala biyar daga Kanada ...

Yayinda yake aiki a matsayin mai biyan kuɗi a sansanin a Kapus heart, Kyaftin Watson Kirkconnell ya taimaka wajen hana tashin hankali na fursunoni kuma, a lokuta biyu, ya kuma gano kuma ya rushe yunkurin fita daga sansanin.

Duk da fassarorin da ya yi daga baya na wallafe-wallafen Faransanci da waƙoƙin Kanada, a lokacin shekarun yaƙi Kirkconnell ya dage cewa ba za a ba da izinin "la'anar Katolika ta Faransanci" a cikin majalisar ministocin Firayim Minista Robert Borden ba, yana ƙara cewa "Na kasance ina tsammanin Aunty Jane na iya wuce gona da iri a cikin zargi da Faransanci amma mun san Quebec yanzu. Colonel Date ya kira su 'tsuntsaye na Kanada' kuma ba da nisa ba. Ya kuma ya yi kira mahaifiyarsa da 'ya' yan uwanta suna barin duk Katolika na kasa da 'yaƙi na Union' yancin girmamawa da 'don yin amfani da' yan kasa.'

A lokacin faduwar 1919, Kyaftin Kirkconnell ya bi POWs 445 da fursunoni daga sansanin fursunoni na Fort Henry da Kapus heart a cikin SS Pretorian, daga Quebec City zuwa Rotterdam, suna jiran dawowa zuwa Jamhuriyar Weimar. Kirkconnell daga baya ya tuna, bayan ya mika fursunoninsa ga Sojojin Holland masu tsaka-tsaki, "Sau da cewa ba su da wata damuwa game da aikina a Fort Henry da Kapus heart ya bayyana a bayyane lokacin da tsoffin fursunoni na suka kira, 'Kariya uku ga Kyaftin Kirkconnell', kuma suka ba su ladabi".

Lokacin tsakanin yaƙe-yaƙe

An fara rantsar da Kirkconnell a cikin Freemasonry a Kanada a cikin Disamba 1920 a "Aminci Brothers" Lodge No. 77 a Lindsay, Ontario . Ya kasance a cikin "The Craft" har tsawon rayuwarsa kuma har ma ya yi aiki a matsayin Babban Jagora na St. George's Lodge No. 20 na York Rite a Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Kirkconnell daga baya ya fuskanci wasu shakku game da kungiyar, kamar yadda bincikensa na gaba ya sa ya gane cewa Freemasonry 's tatsuniya na kisan gillar da aka yi wa Yahudawa na Hitramed Abif . Kirkconnell daga baya ya rubuta, "Na juya zuwa littattafai a kan Craft kanta, kuma na gano cewa yawancin kayan aikin lacca na al'ada an hada su a Ingila a cikin karni na 18 da Dr. James Anderson, Dr. JT Desaguliers, George Payne, da William Preston . Ina da manyan dalilai na zargin cewa Free da Accepted Masons ba su da yawa fiye da' 7 na Landan kafuwa a Grand London ."

Kamar sauran mutanen Kanada masu jin Ingilishi na ajinsa da tsararrakinsa, Kirkconnell an haife shi don yin imani da fifikon launin fata na Furotesta na White Anglo-Saxon. . Bayan ya girma har ya girma, saboda haka ya yi adawa da barin duk wani shige da fice na Burtaniya zuwa Kanada. Har ila yau ya zama mai sha'awar sha'awar ilimin kimiyyar wariyar launin fata, Darwiniyanci, da Eugenics . Kirkconnell ya karanta ko'ina a cikin duka batutuwa uku, kuma ya ƙunshi nasa tsarin na Nordicist yana tsinkayar kusantar halakar " tseren Nordic " a Ontario saboda karuwar ƙaura na Faransa-Kanada, Yahudawa, da mutanen Slavic . Kodayake rubuce-rubucensa na wariyar launin fata sun kasance ba a buga su ba, an bayyana ra'ayoyinsa na eugenicist a cikin The International Aspects of Unemployment (1923), wanda ya yi kira ga shiga cikin sansanonin ma'aikata da kuma haifuwa na nakasassu na Kanada da duk wasu da ake ganin "marasa dacewa."

A sakamakon haka, Kirkconnell ya girma ya yi imani cewa auren Prehistoric tsakanin kakannin Mutanen Turai ba shi da lahani, amma mai kyau. Sabili da haka, Kirkconnell ya kammala, kamar yadda duk Turawa suka kasance daga asalin da aka haɗu da kwayoyin halitta, ci gaba da ƙaura da ƙaura na Fararen fata da aure zai ƙarfafa ci gaban Kanada a matsayin al'umma.

A ƙarshe dai mutuwar matarsa a 1925 ce yayin da ta haifi 'ya'ya maza tagwaye wanda ya kawo Kirkconnell zuwa matsayi mai jurewa. A matsayin duka biyun haraji da abin tunawa ga marigayiyar matarsa, Kirkconnell ya yanke shawarar zaɓar da fassara wakoki daga harsuna arba'in daban-daban. Ya yi aiki tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da manyan malaman wallafe-wallafe, irin su Albert Verwey, Douglas Hyde, da Pavle Popović . A ƙarshe ya buga ƙarar Elegies na Turai a cikin 1928 . A cikin wannan tsari, Kirkconnell ya yarda cewa mutunta harsuna, al'adu, da adabi na baƙi fararen fata zuwa Kanada zai sa su kasance da aminci da godiya ga ƙasar da aka karɓe su. A shekarun baya, ya kan yi amfani da misalan wani kaset don bayyana ra’ayinsa game da makomar al’umma. A cikin sauran rayuwarsa, Kirkconnell ya ci gaba da damuwa game da raguwar yawancin Furotesta na White Anglo-Saxon a Kanada kuma koyaushe ya yi imani da ƙananan nau'ikan wariyar launin fata na kimiyya da ƙarancin launin fata na waɗanda ba fararen fata ba.

Kirkconnell ya ci gaba da yadawa da fassarar waƙoƙin ƙasa na baƙi na Turai har tsawon rayuwarsa. Misali, tarin sa A Golden Treasury of Polish Lyrics an buga shi ne ta hanyar The Polish Press, Ltd, a Winnipeg a 1936. Kirkconnell ya keɓe littafin, wanda ya haɗa da fassarorinsa a cikin tsari na lokaci daga Jan Kochanowski zuwa Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska, don ƙwaƙwalwar Marshal Józef Piłsudski, wanda Kirkconnell kuma ya rubuta waƙar jana'izar. Shafin taken ya bayyana Kirkconnell kamar yadda gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Poland ta Biyu ta sanya shi jarumi na Order of Polonia Restituta.

Farawa tare da waƙoƙin da Manitoba Icelandic-Kanada suka hada kamar Stephan G. Stephansson da Guttormur J. Guttormsson, Kirkconnell ya kuma fassara kuma ya yada ayoyi daga baƙi na baya-bayan nan zuwa Kanada da zuriyarsu, waɗanda wani lokacin ya kira su, "Sabon Kanada", daga Icelandic, Italiyanci, Polish, Ukrainian, da Canadian Gaelic.

A shekara ta 1916, rashin sha'awar waƙoƙin John Milton bisa ga rashin jin daɗin Puritanism ya kai sabon matsayi. [dubious - tattauna] Saboda babban bangare na kokarin Ezra Pound da T.S. Eliot, an ayyana mawaki na Puritan a matsayin wanda aka sauke, ba tare da ɗan fashi ba, don goyon bayan John Donne da Andrew Marvell, a matsayin mafi girman mawaki na Waƙoƙin Kirista na Anglosphere. A mayar da martani, Kirkconnell ya nemi a lokacin yakin basasa don dawo da John Milton zuwa matsayinsa ta hanyar fassara da buga abin da aka yi imani da shi ne tushen wahayi da yawa na mawaki daga wallafe-wallafen duniya a wasu harsuna da yawa. Fassarar ayoyinsa na Neo-Classical amma a cikin Littafi Mai-Tsarki na mawaƙin ƙasar Holland Joost van den Vondel, wanda Kirkconnell ya yi imanin cewa ya kasance babban tasiri a kan Milton's Paradise Lost da Samson Agonists sun kasance daga wannan lokacin. 

A cikin 1936, an sanya Watson Kirkconnell Fellow na Royal Society of Canada .

Yaƙin Duniya na II

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Kirkconnell ya yi amfani da lambobin sadarwa da yawa tsakanin 'yan Kanada na asalin Gabashin Turai don tattara su don goyon bayan kokarin yaki na Allied da Nazi Jamus, Fascist Italiya, da Imperial Japan. Wadannan lambobi iri ɗaya, duk da haka, sun sa Kirkconnell ya san wahalar dangi na abokansa baƙi a ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet da kuma zama kuma ya ci gaba da rubuta labarai da kuma ba da laccoci na jama'a da ke kai farmaki ga cin zarafin ɗan adam a ƙarƙashin Marxist-Leninism da Stalinism.

A cikin tarihinsa, Kirkconnell ya tuna game da shekarun yaƙi, "Har ma na rubuta wani labari game da T.S. Eliot da abubuwan da ya koya, wanda kusan dukkanin waka ta kasance wani abu ne, daga ɗakunan karatu na kaina, na wasu kalmomi masu sauti guda arba'in daga dukkan wallafe-wallafen da dukkan lokutan, gami da Sinanci, Jafananci, Tsohon Masarawa, Ibrananci, Hungarian, Basque, Polish, Breton, da Larabci, kowannensu ya yi gargadi, wanda ya nuna Hindi, T-Rain a ƙarshe ya yi gargadin, Brown, wanda ya yi mini.

Bayan fitowar 1944 na Seven Pillars of Freedom, wani littafi wanda, kamar yadda Eugene Lyons ya wallafa a shekara ta 1941 The Red Decade: The Stalinist Penetration of America, ya yi gargadi game da haɗarin da 'yan adawa da Soviet suka kawo tsakanin masu ilimi da yawa na Kanada, wakilan Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Kanada biyu sun yi tir da Kirkconnell a cikin House of Commons, da kuma 'yan jaridar Kwaminisancin Kanada sun lalata shi. Wani wallafe-wallafen Kwaminisanci na Kanada da ake kira Kirkconnell a, "Fascist, mad dog, and a traitor".

Waƙar Kirkconnell "Agony of Israel", wacce ta kwatanta masu aikata Holocaust da Haman daga Littafin Esther, an rubuta ta, "daga tausayi na tsawon rai ga Mutanen Yahudawa da damuwa mai tsanani game da halin da Gwamnatinmu ke ciki game da halin 'yan gudun hijira", kuma ta fara bayyana a cikin Canadian Jewish Review a ranar 11 ga Yuni 1943.

Jaridar Soviet Trud ta kuma kai hari kan Kirkconnell saboda kasancewa mai adawa da kwaminisanci da Ukrainophile, har ma da lakafta shi, "Führer na Fascism na Kanada". A halin yanzu, murya ce Kirkconnell ke ci gaba da sukar Stalinism da Laifukan yaki na Soviet wanda Firayim Minista na Kanada Mackenzie King ya yi la'akari da yin aiki don kare kawancen soja na Soviet-Kanada a kan Nazi Jamus ta hanyar yin shiru Kirkconnell tare da Order-in-Council.

Yaƙin Cold

  Bayan ficewar Satumba 1945 da wahayi na GRU Lt. Igor Gouzenko ya kaddamar da Yakin Cold a Kanada da kuma aikin leken asiri na PROFUNC, an dauki Kirkconnell a matsayin mai ba da labari na sirri ga Royal Canadian Mounted Security Service game da 'yan siyasa,' yan jami'a, da daliban da ake zargi da alaƙa da ayyukan leken asiri da Soviet Bloc ko Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Kanada. A cewar Gordon L. Heath, duk da haka, burin Kirkconnell ya dogara ne, "a kan manyan ra'ayoyin dimokuradiyya" kuma saboda haka bai taba ba da shawara ba, " manufofin murkushewa", amma ya fi son a maimakon haka ya ga ainihin amincin 'yan leƙen asirin Soviet, crypto-communists, da' 'Yan matafiya da aka shimfiɗa a gaban Mutanen Kanada.

Har ila yau, a farkon Yaƙin Cold, Kirkconnell ya ci gaba da yin rikodin a matsayin mai sukar manufofin Yammacin Yammacin na tilasta dawowa da 'yan gudun hijira masu adawa da kwaminisanci zuwa USSR a lokacin Operation Keelhaul, na Winston Churchill da Franklin Delano Roosevelt don mika Gabashin Turai ga Joseph Stalin a Taron Yalta, da kuma yaduwar mulkin kama karya da cin zarafin ɗan adam a cikin sabon Soviet Bloc.

A karkashin tasirin duka Child ballads da ballads Lepanto da The Ballad of the White Horse na G.K. Chesterton, Kirkconnell ya kuma rubuta waka don kare Draža Mihailović, yana sukar shari'ar nuna Janar Chetnik na Serbia da 'Yan Yugoslav Partisans na Soviet suka goyi bayan Josip Broz Tito, da kuma ya yaba da hukuncin Janar ta hanyar harbe shi a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 1946. Kirkconnell ya rubuta waka, duk da haka, saboda ya yi imanin cewa Janar Mihailović ba shi da laifi daga Laifukan yaki na Chetnik a yakin duniya na biyu da kuma hadin gwiwa tare da sojojin Axis masu mamayewa, cewa Mihailovick ya yi yaƙi da mutunci da rashin son kai don ceton kasarsa daga Nazism da Titoism, kuma cewa "bincike" ba komai ba ne ko žasa da farautar maƙaryaci na Stalinist. Kirkconnell ya ƙare waka ta hanyar yin hasashen cewa wata rana duk mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin mulkin Kwaminisanci, gami da Mutanen Rasha, za a sake su, cewa a wannan rana za a girmama Mihailović, "yayinda Tito ya lalace a Jahannama".

Duk da adawa da kwaminisanci, Kirkconnell ya kuma soki McCarthyism sosai kuma sau ɗaya ya rubuta, "Ina da rashin jin daɗi cewa Sanata McCarthy ya ɓata wani muhimmin aiki ta hanyar sarrafa shi a cikin mummunar hali da rashin fahimta. Abin takaici ne cewa bayyanar kwaminisancin a Amurka ya fada cikin hannunsa. "

Rayuwa ta baya

Daga 1948 zuwa 1964, Kirkconnell ya yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Tiree="Acadia University">Jami'ar Acadia na tara a Nova Scotia">Wolfville, Nova Scotia . Da farko ya yi tsammanin zai zama, "ma'aikacin gudanarwa na cikakken lokaci", amma a maimakon haka ya sami kansa akai-akai a cikin aji. A cikin tarihinsa na 1967, Kirkconnell ya yaba wa abokin aikinsa na ilimi Dr. R. MacGregor Fraser tare da gabatar da shi, bayan ya koma Lardin a 1948, ga gudummawar Nova Scotia ga wallafe-wallafen Gaelic na Scotland. Kirkconnell da MacGregor Fraser sun kuma hada kai a kan fassarar wallafe-wallafen waka mai suna A' Choille Ghruamach ta mawaki mai suna Iain mac Ailein, wanda aka buga a cikin fitowar taken 1948-'49 na Dalhousie Review a ƙarƙashin taken, "John MacLean's Gloomy Forest".

Bayan sake gano wani lu'u-lu'u na 'yan uwa a shekarar 1950 wanda ya samo asali ne daga 1785 kuma daga St. George's Masonic Lodge No. 20 a Wolfville, Kirkconnell ya rubuta waka da ke murna da dawowar abin da ake kira "The Relic. " A cikin tarihinsa na 1967, Kirkconnell yana da yabo mai girma ga Freemasonry na yau da kullun, amma ya ware Freemasonary na Continental don zargi mai tsanani. Kirkconnell ya zargi Continental Freemasonry da kasancewa "mai musun wanzuwar Allah" da kuma samun, "da himma ga juyin juya halin siyasa a cikin ruhun da ke adawa da Kirista da makirci". Kirkconnell ya nuna sauƙin cewa Freemasonry a cikin Anglosphere, "wanda a yau ya ƙunshi sama da kashi casa'in cikin dari na 'yan uwantaka", ya ki amincewa da Freemasonery na Continental, kuma ya dauke shi ba bisa ka'ida ba.

Mutuwa da gado

Ya mutu a Wolfville, Nova Scotia a shekarar 1977. Helicon na Hungary, tarin fassarar ayoyinsa na ƙarshe na wallafe-wallafen Hungary an buga shi bayan mutuwarsa a 1986. Duk da goyon bayan Kirkconnell game da adawa da Yahudawa da kuma musanta Holocaust a rayuwarsa ta baya, wanda aka buga bayan mutuwarsa The Hungarian Helicon ya haɗa da fassarorin waƙoƙi huɗu da mawaki na Yahudawa Miklós Radnóti. Abin sha'awa, uku daga cikin waƙoƙin Radnóti da Kirkconnell ya fassara an rubuta su a cikin littafin rubutu wanda mawaki ya ɗauka yayin da yake tafiya a ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na II, kuma an buga su ne kawai bayan Radnóti ya zama, a hannun Sojojin Royal Hungary, watakila wanda aka fi kokawa da Holocaust a Hungary.

Ana adana takardunsa na sirri a Cibiyar Tarihin Jami'ar Acadia, ta hanyar da Gordon L. Heath ya sami damar yin rikodin rawar sirrin Kirkconnell a matsayin mai ba da labari na RCMP a lokacin farkon Yakin Cold, a Wolfville, Nova Scotia .