Yaƙin Boshof
 | |
| Iri | faɗa |
|---|---|
| Bangare na |
Second Boer War (en)  |
| Kwanan watan | 5 ga Afirilu, 1900 |
| Wuri |
Boshof (en) |
| Ƙasa | Afirka ta kudu |
| Participant (en) | |
An yi yakin Boshof a lokacin yakin Boer na biyu a ranar 5 ga watan Afrilun shekarar 1900 tsakanin sojojin Burtaniya[1] da galibin Faransawa masu sa kai na sojojin Boer.[2][3]
Abubuwan da suka faru
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan Yaƙin Paardeberg (18–27 Fabrairu), taimako na Kimberley da Ladysmith da faɗuwar Bloemfontein, Janar Frederick Roberts ya sake tsara ƙarfinsa don bin Boers da aka ci. A lokaci guda, Laftanar Janar Paul Methuen ya ba da aikin share ƙasar da ke gefen kogin Vaal da ke gefen Boers da kuma tuƙi zuwa Mafeking, wanda har yanzu ana kewaye da shi.[4]
A ranar 5 ga watan Afrilu Methuen ya umarci Birgediya-Janar Lord Chesham, tare da Kimberley Mounted Corps da Baturi na 4 RFA.[5] Daga wani mai ba da labari sun sami bayanan sirri kan ruƙunin Boer Commando ƙarƙashin jagorancin wani ɗan agajin Faransa, Comte de Villebois-Mareuil.[6] An bai wa Methuen bayanin cewa ƙungiyar Boer ta yi niyya ta kai wa Birtaniya hari a Boshof kusa da Tweefontein. Sabuwar runduna ta Imperial Yeomanry ta 3 da ta 10 da aka kafa, an ba ta aikin kewaye Boers. De Villebois-Mareuil, shi ne ke kula da masu aikin sa kai na sojojin Faransa waɗanda ke da masu aikin sa kai na ƙasashen waje 75 waɗanda yawancinsu Faransawa ne amma sun haɗa da Jamusawa, Dutch, Amurkawa da kuma Yariman Rasha ɗaya.[7]
Yaƙi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Rundunar De Villebois-Mareuil ta kwanta a kan ƙananan tsaunuka biyu (ko Kopjes) - masu aikin sa kai na ƙasashen waje a ɗaya da Boers a ɗaya.[2] Da karfe 3 na yamma sojojin Burtaniya sun kafa wurare a kewayen tsaunuka. An kai harin bam da bindigogi guda 15 guda huɗu, tare da murkushe wuta ta bindigar Maxim.[8]
Yayin da ’yan sandan ke shirin rufewa da bayonet, Boers da ke kan tudu sun ga an yi waje da su sai suka nemi De Villebois-Mareuil da ya janye amma ya ki amincewa. Yana fatan tsawa ta nufo hanyarsu domin ta taimake shi. Harin da aka yi ya ƙara hasarar rayuka kuma Boers sun ga rashin bege na lamarin - sun hau dawakan su suna fafatawa. De Villebois-Mareuil da Faransa an bar su don yin ƙoƙari na yin rawar gani amma banza ta ƙarshe. Rundunar Kimberley Mounted Corps ta ratso a dama sannan sauran Yeomen suka sauka suka yi haka a hagu. Ɓangarorin biyu dai na kusa ne kuma dole ne sojojin Birtaniyya su yi taka tsantsan yayin harbi domin kada su kai wa nasu hari. Wasu daga cikin Faransawa sun yi ƙoƙarin tserewa ta hanyar hawa dawakai amma duk an sauke su cikin sauƙi a cikin ƙanƙara ta wuta. Har yanzu sauran sun ki miƙa wuya. Duk da haka, Yeomanry sun yi amfani da damar kuma sun ratsa cikin daji da duwatsun da ke kewayen tsaunuka.[2] A hankali suka kutsa kusa, kuma waɗanda suka jikkata ba su da yawa. A cikin 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan da aka yi faɗan De Villebois-Mareuil an kashe shi ta hanyar harsashi da ruɗani a tsakanin masu aikin sa kai. Ganin firgici da Yeomanry yanzu kawai a tsakanin yadi goma sha biyar na garu na wurare da aka kafa da caje.
Da karfe 6 na yamma da duhu suka tunkaro 'yan agajin suka daga wata farar tuta sannan kuma 'yan agajin da suka tsira sun miƙa wuya. Tsawar da zata iya rufe ja da baya sai ta ci karo da filin daga.[8] Yakin dai ya ɗauki tsawon sa'o'i uku kacal - a cikin dukkan masu aikin sa kai guda goma sha ɗaya aka kashe, sauran kuma sun samu raunuka tare da kama su. De Villebois-Mareuil's Aide-de-camp Comté Pierre de Bréda an kama shi kuma Methuen ya yi masa magani. Bugu da ƙari Yarima Bagration na Tiflis, an kama wani ɗan ƙasar Rasha. An kashe kuma Birtaniyya tayi asarar uku tare da raunata goma.[7]
Bayan haka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mako guda bayan mutuwarsa an wargaza ƙungiyar Boer Foreign Legion kuma aka sanya shi ƙarƙashin Janar De la Rey don ci gaba da ɓangarorin yaƙin.
Yaƙin shine karo na farko da Yeomanry na Imperial dokin ya yi yaƙi kuma shine nasararsu ta farko.[9]
Sojojin Burtaniya sun binne De Villebois-Mareuil tare da cikakkiyar girmamawa ta soja. Kungiyar Ligue de la patrie française ce ta shirya wani taro wanda aka gudanar domin girmama shi a Notre Dame de Paris wanda mutane 10,000 suka halarta. Lord Chesham ya kai dokin De Villebois-Mareuil zuwa Burtaniya, inda ya rayu har zuwa watan Fabrairu 1911.[6]
Daga baya an gina wani abin tarihi a Farm Middelkuil, mai tazarar kilomita goma Gabashin Boshof, inda aka yi yakin, domin tunawa da yakin.[7]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Becket pp 210-11
- 1 2 3 Bennett pp. 10-04
- ↑ Jaques p. 155
- ↑ Mace & Grehan p.176
- ↑ "No. 27155". The London Gazette. 19 January 1900. p. 362.
- 1 2 Davitt, Michael (1902). The Boer Fight for Freedom. Funk & Wagnalls. p. 311.
- 1 2 3 Miller pp 184-6.
- 1 2 Macnab pp. 198-202
- ↑ Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives, retrieved 2007-07-02
Littattafai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Beckett, Ian (2003). The Victorians at War. Cambridge University Press. p. 203. ISBN 1-85285-275-5.
- Bennett, William (1999). Absent Minded Beggars Volunteers in the Boer War. Pen and Sword. ISBN 9780850526851.
- Jaques, Tony (2006). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-first Century. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313335365.
- Macnab, Roy (1975). The French Colonel: Villebois-Mareuil and the Boers, 1899-1900. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195700459.
- Mace, Martin; Grehan, John (2014). The Boer War 1899-1902: Ladysmith, Megersfontein, Spion Kop, Kimberley and Mafeking Despatches from the front. Pen and Sword. ISBN 9781473838185.
- Miller, Stephen M (2012). Lord Methuen and the British Army: Failure and Redemption in South Africa. Routledge. ISBN 9780714644608.