Yaƙin Gaza
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Yaƙin Gaza [ h ] rikici ne na makamai a Zirin Gaza da Isra'ila, wanda aka yi a matsayin wani ɓangare na rikicin Isra'ila-Palasdinawa da Gaza-Isra'ila wanda ba a warware shi ba. Yaƙin ya fara ne a ranar 7 ga Oktoba 2023, lokacin da ƙungiyar 'yan gwagwarmayar Falasdinawa Hamas ta jagoranci wani hari na bazata kan Isra'ila, inda aka kashe 'yan Isra'ila 1,195 da 'yan ƙasashen waje kuma aka yi garkuwa da 251. Tun lokacin da aka fara harin Isra'ila da ya biyo baya, an kashe Falasdinawa sama da 72,000 a Gaza. Wani bincike a cikin The Lancet ya kammala da cewa ba a ƙidaya adadin waɗanda suka mutu sakamakon raunin da ya faru ba kuma ya lura da yiwuwar adadin waɗanda suka mutu ya fi yawa idan aka haɗa da mutuwar "ba a kaikaice". Wani ra'ayi na ilimi ya kammala da cewa Isra'ila tana aikata kisan kare dangi a Gaza . [lower-alpha 1] Isra'ila da wasu ƙasashe da dama, ciki har da Amurka, sun ƙi amincewa da wannan ra'ayi.
Bayan hare-haren ranar 7 ga Oktoba, Isra'ila ta ƙaddamar da hare-haren bama-bamai sannan daga baya ta mamaye Gaza a ranar 27 ga Oktoba bayan ta share 'yan bindiga daga yankinta. Sojojin Isra'ila sun ƙaddamar da hare-hare da dama, ciki har da harin Rafah, yaƙe-yaƙe uku da aka yi a kusa da Khan Yunis, da kuma killace arewacin Gaza, wanda ya ƙare a harin 2025 a birnin Gaza . Sun kashe shugabannin Hamas a ciki da wajen Gaza. An wargaza yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta 2023, kuma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta biyu a watan Janairun 2025 ta ƙare da harin ba zato ba tsammani da Isra'ila ta kai a watan Maris. An fara aiwatar da yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta uku a ranar 10 ga Oktoba bayan Isra'ila da Hamas sun amince su ɗauki mataki na ɗaya daga cikin shirin zaman lafiya da Amurka ke marawa baya . [1] [2]
Yaƙin ya haifar da rikicin jin kai a Gaza . Tsauraran matakan killace yankin Isra'ila sun katse muhimman abubuwan more rayuwa, wanda ya haifar da mummunan matsalar yunwa da kuma wani ɓangare na yunwa . An lalata kusan kashi 90% na kayayyakin more rayuwa na fararen hula na Gaza kuma an lalata muhimman ayyuka, ciki har da ruwa, wutar lantarki, da tsaftar muhalli; [6] manyan sassa ba za a iya zama a cikinsu ba, tare da lalata yawancin asibitoci, wuraren addini da al'adu, da wuraren ilimi . 'Yan jaridar Gaza, ma'aikatan lafiya, ma'aikatan agaji da sauran membobin ƙungiyoyin farar hula an tsare su, an azabtar da su, kuma an kashe su. Isra'ila ta tsare dubban Falasdinawa daga Gaza da Yammacin Kogin Jordan tun farkon yaƙin. Kusan dukkan yankunan 2.3 na yankin An tilasta wa Falasdinawa miliyan ɗaya gudun hijira . Sama da Isra'ilawa 100,000 ne aka kora daga gidajensu a lokacin da rikicin ya yi tsanani. Rana ta farko ita ce mafi muni a tarihin Isra'ila, kuma yaƙin shine mafi muni ga Falasdinawa a cikin rikicin da ya fi girma.
A watan Satumba na 2025, Kwamitin Bincike na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Yankin Falasdinawa da aka Mamaye ya kammala da cewa an aikata hudu daga cikin ayyukan kisan kare dangi guda biyar kamar yadda Yarjejeniyar Kisan Kare Dangi ta ayyana a Gaza tun daga ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2023. [1] Kotun Duniya tana duba wata shari'a da ke zargin Isra'ila da kisan kare dangi. [2] Masana da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam sun kuma bayyana cewa Isra'ila da Hamas sun aikata wasu laifukan yaki . Kungiyoyin 'yan bindiga na Falasdinawa da kuma sojojin Isra'ila sun aikata azabtarwa da cin zarafin mata . [3]
Isra'ila ta sami tallafin soja da diflomasiyya mai yawa daga Amurka . Yaƙin ya yi ta yaɗuwa a yankuna daban-daban, inda ƙungiyoyin " Axis of Resistance " a ƙasashen Larabawa da dama da Iran suka fafata da Amurka da Isra'ila, ciki har da Yaƙin Kwanaki Goma Sha Biyu a 2025, da kuma Yaƙin Iran na 2026. Shekara guda da aka shafe ana kai hare-hare tsakanin Isra'ila da Hezbollah ya haifar da mamayar Isra'ila a Lebanon da kuma ci gaba da ayyukan Isra'ila a Siriya, wanda ya taimaka wajen rugujewar gwamnatin Assad . Yaƙin yana ci gaba da haifar da mummunan sakamako a yankuna da na duniya, tare da manyan zanga-zanga a duk duniya da kuma ƙaruwar nuna wariyar Yahudawa da wariyar launin fata ga Falasɗinawa .
Sunaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kungiyoyin fafutuka na Falasdinu suna kiran wannan rikici a matsayin "yakin Ambaliyar Al-Aqsa" ( Arabic ), dangane da Operation al-Aqsa Ambaliyar . Gwamnatin Isra'ila ta kira shi da "Yaƙin Takobin ƙarfe" ( Hebrew ) [ j ] har zuwa Oktoba 2025, lokacin da ta fara amfani da "Yaƙin Fansa". cikin Isra'ila, ana kiranta da "Yaƙin Simchat Torah" saboda harin Hamas ya fara ne a ranar hutun Yahudawa na Simchat Torah . Kafafen watsa labarai sun yi ta bayyana shi a matsayin "Yaƙin Isra'ila da Hamas", "yaƙin Gaza", "Yaƙin Oktoba 7", da kuma " Nakba ta biyu".
Bayani
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Yaƙin Gaza wani ɓangare ne na rikicin Isra'ila da Falasɗinawa . A yakin Falasɗinawa na 1948, Falasɗinawa sama da 700,000 sun gudu ko kuma an kore su kuma an kafa ƙasar Isra'ila a kan mafi yawan abin da ya zama Falasɗinawa ta Dole, ban da yankuna biyu da aka raba waɗanda aka fi sani da Yammacin Kogin Jordan da Zirin Gaza. Bayan Yaƙin Kwanaki Shida na 1967, Isra'ila ta mamaye yankunan Falasɗinawa biyu. A lokacin da ke tafe, Falasɗinawa sun yi zanga-zanga biyu masu farin jini kan mamayar Isra'ila : Intifadas na Farko da na Biyu a 1987 da 2000, tare da ƙarshen ƙarshen, inda Isra'ila ta janye kai tsaye daga Gaza a 2005.
Tun daga shekarar 2007, yankin Gaza yana karkashin ikon Hamas, wata kungiyar masu fafutukar Islama, yayin da Yammacin Kogin Jordan ya ci gaba da kasancewa karkashin ikon Hukumar Falasdinawa . Bayan kwace iko da Hamas, Isra'ila ta sanya shinge wanda ya lalata tattalin arzikin Gaza sosai. Isra'ila ta ba da hujjar toshewar ta hanyar ambaton matsalolin tsaro, amma kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam na duniya sun siffanta ta a matsayin hukunci na gama gari . Zuwa shekarar 2023, UNRWA ta ba da rahoton cewa kashi 81% na mutane suna rayuwa kasa da matakin talauci, inda kashi 63% ke fama da rashin abinci kuma suna dogaro da taimakon kasa da kasa.
Tun daga shekarar 2007, Isra'ila da Hamas, tare da sauran ƙungiyoyin mayaƙan Falasɗinawa da ke Gaza, sun shiga rikici, ciki har da yaƙe-yaƙe huɗu, a tsakanin 2008-2009, 2012, 2014, da 2021. Idan aka haɗa su, waɗannan rikice-rikicen sun kashe kimanin Falasɗinawa 6,400 da Isra'ilawa 300. A tsakanin 2018-2019, an gudanar da manyan zanga-zanga a kusa da kan iyakar Gaza da Isra'ila don neman 'yancin komawa gida . Rundunar Tsaron Isra'ila (IDF) ta danne zanga-zangar da ƙarfi, inda ta kashe ɗaruruwa kuma ta raunata dubban Falasɗinawa da harbin bindiga. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wani ɗan gajeren rikici na 2021, reshen soja na Hamas, Al-Qassam Brigade, ya fara shirin kai hari kan Isra'ila, wanda ya zama hare-haren ranar 7 ga Oktoba. A cewar jami'an diflomasiyya, Hamas ta sha nanata cewa a cikin watanni kafin Oktoba 2023 cewa ba ta son wani ƙarin ƙaruwar soji a Gaza domin zai ƙara ta'azzara matsalar jin kai.
Jami'an Hamas sun bayyana cewa harin martani ne ga mamayar Isra'ila, toshe hanyar Zirin Gaza, lalata Masallacin Al-Aqsa, cin zarafin mazauna Isra'ila kan Falasdinawa, takunkumi kan motsin Falasdinawa, da kuma daure dubban Falasdinawa, waɗanda Hamas ta nemi sakinsu ta hanyar garkuwa da Isra'ila. Masu sharhi da yawa sun gano cewa yanayin mamayar Isra'ila a matsayin sanadin yakin. Kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam da dama, ciki har da Amnesty International, B'Tselem da Human Rights Watch sun kwatanta mamayar Isra'ila da wariyar launin fata, kodayake magoya bayan Isra'ila suna musanta wannan halayyar. An soki gwamnatin Netanyahu a cikin Isra'ila saboda ba wa mazauna Gaza izinin aiki, da sauƙaƙe canja wurin kuɗi ga Hamas da kuma neman kwanciyar hankali. An soki waɗannan ayyukan da cewa sun yi hannun riga da hare-haren da aka kai a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2023.
A lokacin harin, Isra'ila da Saudiyya suna gudanar da tattaunawa don daidaita dangantaka . Shugabannin Hamas kamar Ismail Haniyeh sun ambaci katse wannan "jirgin daidaita al'amura" a matsayin dalilin kai hare-haren ranar 7 ga Oktoba.
Yaƙi a Isra'ila da Gaza
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Harin da Hamas ta jagoranta a kan Isra'ila a ranar 7 ga Oktoba
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A safiyar ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2023, [1] a lokacin hutun Yahudawa na Simchat Torah da Shemini Atzeret a ranar Asabar, [2] Hamas ta sanar da fara " Operation Al-Aqsa Ambaliyar Ruwa ", inda ta harba rokoki tsakanin 3,000 zuwa 5,000 daga Zirin Gaza zuwa Isra'ila cikin mintuna 20, inda ta kashe akalla mutane biyar. [3] [4] [5] Da yamma, Hamas ta sake harba rokoki 150. [4] A lokaci guda, kimanin mayakan Hamas 3,000 [6] sun kutsa kai Isra'ila daga Gaza ta amfani da manyan motoci, babura, bulldozers, jiragen ruwa masu sauri, da kuma paragliders. [7] [1] [8] Sun kwace wuraren bincike a Kerem Shalom da Erez, kuma sun ƙirƙiri ramuka a shingen kan iyaka a wasu wurare biyar. [9]
Mayakan sa kai sun yi wa fararen hula kisan gilla a wasu wurare na kibbutzim, inda suka yi garkuwa da mutane suka kuma kona gidaje. A wani kisan gilla da aka yi a wani bikin kiɗa na waje kusa da Re'im, akalla mutane 325 aka kashe, tare da jikkata wasu da dama ko kuma aka yi garkuwa da su. Jimilla, an yi garkuwa da mutane 251, galibinsu fararen hula, ciki har da yara, tsofaffi, da sojoji. An ruwaito cewa mayakan Hamas sun yi wa mutane kisan gilla, azabtarwa, da cin zarafin mata da jinsi .
Harin ya ba wa 'yan ƙasar Isra'ila mamaki ƙwarai. An bayyana hare-haren da aka kai a ranar 7 ga Oktoba a matsayin "gazawar leƙen asiri ta tsawon shekaru" da kuma " gazawar tunani " daga gwamnatin Isra'ila. Daga baya ya bayyana cewa jami'an leƙen asiri na Isra'ila sun gano motsin Hamas mara kyau a ranar da ta gabata, amma ba a ɗaga matakin faɗakarwa na sojoji ba kuma ba a sanar da shugabannin siyasa ba.
Jaridar Economist ta lura cewa "harin ya fi duk sauran kisan gillar da aka yi wa fararen hular Isra'ila muni", kuma "karo na ƙarshe kafin 7 ga Oktoba da aka kashe Yahudawa da yawa a rana ɗaya shine lokacin kisan kiyashin Holocaust ." A cewar jami'an Hamas da masu sa ido na waje, harin wani ƙoƙari ne da aka tsara don ƙirƙirar yanayin yaƙi na "ɗorewa" da kuma farfaɗo da manufar Falasɗinu.
Matakin farko na yaƙin Isra'ila (Oktoba 2023)
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Rundunar IDF ta fara kai harin martani na Isra'ila awanni da dama bayan mamayar da Hamas ta jagoranta. Jiragen sama masu saukar ungulu na farko da aka aika don tallafawa sojoji sun isa yankunan Isra'ila da ke kewaye da Zirin Gaza awa daya bayan fara fadan. Ma'aikatansu sun fuskanci matsaloli wajen tantance wuraren da mayaka masu kai hari suka mamaye, da kuma bambance tsakanin fararen hular Isra'ila, sojojin IDF, da mayakan Falasdinawa da ke kasa. [7] Rahoton Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na watan Yunin 2024 da kuma wani bincike na Haaretz na watan Yulin 2024 ya nuna cewa rundunar IDF ta ba da umarnin amfani da Umarnin Hannibal, inda ta kashe fararen hula da sojoji da ba a san adadinsu ba na Isra'ila.
A wani shiri da aka watsa ta talabijin, Benjamin Netanyahu, Firayim Ministan Isra'ila, ya sanar da cewa kasar na cikin yaki. Ya yi barazanar "mayar da dukkan wuraren da Hamas ta shirya ta kuma boye su zama biranen da suka lalace", ya kira Gaza "birnin mugunta", kuma ya bukaci mazaunanta da su fice. Cikin dare daya, Majalisar Tsaron Isra'ila ta kada kuri'ar daukar mataki don kawo "lalata karfin soja da na gwamnati na Hamas da Jihadin Musulunci na Falasdinu ". Kamfanin Wutar Lantarki na Isra'ila, wanda ke samar da kashi 80% na wutar lantarki a Gaza, ya yanke wutar lantarki ga yankin. IDF ta ayyana "tsarin shiri don yaki", ta tattara dubban sojoji masu ajiyar kaya, [8] ta kuma ayyana dokar ta-baci ga yankunan da ke cikin 80 kilometres (50 mi) na Gaza. Yayin da Filin Jirgin Sama na Ben Gurion da Filin Jirgin Sama na Ramon ke ci gaba da aiki, kamfanonin jiragen sama da dama sun soke tashin jiragen. A ranar 9 ko 10 ga Oktoba, Hamas ta yi tayin sakin dukkan fararen hula da aka yi garkuwa da su a Gaza idan Isra'ila ta dakatar da shirin mamaye yankin Gaza, amma gwamnatin Isra'ila ta yi watsi da tayin. Bayan harin ba zato ba tsammani, Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Isra'ila ta kai hare- haren sama da suka ce sun kai wa Hamas hari, ta amfani da manhajar Habsora ("The Linjila"). Waɗannan hare-haren sama sun kashe, a matsakaici, mutane 350 a kowace rana a cikin kwanaki 20 na farko. Isra'ila ta ceto mutane biyu da aka yi garkuwa da su kafin ta ayyana dokar yaƙi a karon farko tun bayan Yaƙin Yom Kippur na 1973. A ranar 9 ga Oktoba, Ministan Tsaro Gallant ya sanar da "kamewa gaba ɗaya" a Zirin Gaza, tare da katse wutar lantarki da kuma toshe hanyoyin shigar abinci da mai. Gallant ya ja da baya sakamakon matsin lamba daga Shugaban Amurka Joe Biden, kuma an cimma yarjejeniya bayan kwana goma don ba da damar kai agaji zuwa Gaza. Tawagar agaji ta farko ta shiga Gaza a ranar 21 ga Oktoba, yayin da man fetur bai iso ba sai a watan Nuwamba.
A ranar 13 ga Oktoba, IDF ta umarci dukkan fararen hula a birnin Gaza da su ƙaura zuwa yankunan kudu da Wadi Gaza cikin awanni 24. Hukumar Kula da 'Yan Gudun Hijira ta Hamas ta shaida wa mazauna arewacin Gaza da su yi watsi da waɗannan umarnin. An yi Allah wadai da umarnin Isra'ila a matsayin "abin ƙyama" kuma "ba zai yiwu ba", kuma an yi kira da a janye shi. A matsayin wani ɓangare na umarnin, IDF ta tsara lokacin hutu na awanni shida a ranar 13 ga Oktoba ga 'yan gudun hijira su gudu zuwa kudu ta hanyoyi da aka ƙayyade. Wani fashewa a kan ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin aminci ya kashe Falasdinawa 70. Isra'ila da Hamas sun zargi juna da kai harin. IDF ta ce Hamas ta kafa shingen hanya don hana mazauna Gaza ƙaura. Jami'an Isra'ila, gwamnatocin ƙasashen waje da ƙungiyoyin gwamnati sun yi Allah wadai da zargin amfani da asibitoci da fararen hula a matsayin garkuwar ɗan adam da Hamas ta yi, wanda Hamas ta yi jayayya a kai.
A ranar 17 ga Oktoba, Isra'ila ta kai hare-hare a yankunan kudancin Gaza. Da yamma, wani fashewa ya faru a wurin ajiye motoci na Asibitin Baptist na Al-Ahli Arabi da ke tsakiyar birnin Gaza, inda ya kashe daruruwan mutane. Rikicin da ke ci gaba da faruwa ya hana yin nazari mai zaman kansa a wurin. IDF ta musanta kalaman Falasdinawa cewa harin sama na Isra'ila ne, wanda ya bayyana cewa fashewar ta faru ne sakamakon rashin nasarar harba rokoki da kungiyar Jihadin Musulunci ta Falasdinu ta yi, wadda ta musanta duk wani hannu a ciki.
Mamaya ta farko da kuma tsagaita wuta ta farko (Oktoba-Nuwamba 2023)
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A ranar 27 ga Oktoba, bayan ta gina rundunar mamaya mai sojoji sama da 100,000, rundunar IDF ta ƙaddamar da wani babban farmaki a sassan arewacin Gaza. Jiragen saman Isra'ila sun kai hari kan yankin da ke kewaye da asibitin al-Quds, inda ake kyautata zaton fararen hula kusan 14,000 ne ke mafaka. [9] Washegari, rundunar IDF ta kai hari kan sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Jabalia, inda ta kashe 50 tare da raunata Falasdinawa 150. Isra'ila ta ce harin ya kashe wani babban kwamandan Hamas, wanda Hamas ta musanta kasancewarsa, da kuma 'yan bindiga da dama. Wannan harin ya sa aka kira jakadu da dama.
| External video | |
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 Gazan child speaks of having to carry a decapitated body after Israeli strike on Jabalia (via The Irish Times) |
A ranar 31 ga Oktoba, Isra'ila ta kai hari kan wani gini mai hawa shida a tsakiyar Gaza, inda ta kashe akalla fararen hula 106, ciki har da yara 54, a cikin abin da Human Rights Watch ta kira "laifi na yaƙi da ke bayyana". A ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, rukunin farko na waɗanda aka kora sun bar Gaza zuwa Masar. An kwashe mutane 500, waɗanda suka haɗa da waɗanda suka ji rauni sosai da kuma 'yan ƙasashen waje, tsawon kwanaki da dama. A ranar 22 ga Nuwamba, Isra'ila da Hamas sun cimma yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta wucin gadi, wadda ta tanadi dakatar da tashin hankali na kwanaki huɗu a lokacin yaƙi, sakin mutane 50 da aka yi garkuwa da su a Gaza, [10] da kuma sakin mata da yara Falasɗinawa kimanin 150 da Isra'ila ta tsare. [11]
Bayan gabatar da yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta da Qatar ta shiga tsakani a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 2023, fada ya tsaya cak a Gaza. Hamas ta musanya wasu fursunoni da fursunonin Falasdinawa da Isra'ila ke tsare da su. Isra'ila ta kama kusan Falasdinawa da yawa kamar yadda ta saki a lokacin yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. Musayar fursunoni ta ci gaba har zuwa 28 ga Nuwamba, lokacin da Isra'ila da Hamas suka zargi juna da karya yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta. A ranar 30 ga Nuwamba, a cikin "yarjejeniyar mintuna na ƙarshe", Hamas ta saki mutane takwas da aka yi garkuwa da su a madadin sakin Falasdinawa 30 da aka tsare da kuma tsawaita yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta ta kwana ɗaya. Yarjejeniyar ta ƙare a ranar 1 ga Disamba, yayin da Isra'ila da Hamas suka zargi juna da rashin amincewa kan tsawaita yarjejeniyar.
Sake barkewar rikici (Disamba 2023 - Janairu 2024)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Isra'ila ta ɗauki tsarin layin wutar lantarki don ba da umarnin kwashe mutane a cikin Gaza daidai. An soki shi a matsayin mai rikitarwa kuma ba za a iya samunsa ba, saboda rashin wutar lantarki da haɗin intanet a Gaza. Wasu umarnin kwashe mutane ba su da tabbas ko kuma sun saba wa juna, kuma Isra'ila wani lokacin tana kai hari kan yankunan da ta gaya wa mutane su ƙaura zuwa. Masana shari'a sun kira waɗannan gargaɗin ba su da inganci. Amnesty International ta gano babu wata shaida da ke nuna cewa Hamas na kai hari a wuraren da aka kai wasu hare-hare, kuma ta nemi a bincika su a matsayin yiwuwar laifukan yaƙi. A ranar 6 ga Disamba, an kashe Refaat Alareer, wani fitaccen marubuci a Gaza, sakamakon wani harin sama da Isra'ila ta kai, bayan haka aka yaɗa waƙarsa " Idan Dole Na Mutu " sosai.
Zuwa watan Disamba, sojojin IDF sun isa cibiyoyin Khan Yunis, Jabalia, da Shuja'iyya . Harin bam mai tsanani ya tura fararen hula Falasdinawa zuwa kudu zuwa Rafah. Tsakanin 7 da 10 ga Disamba, Isra'ila ta tsare mutane sama da 150 ; a cewar Isra'ila, sun mika wuya gaba daya, amma wasu wallafe-wallafe da dama sun yi jayayya kan wannan labarin. A ranar 15 ga Disamba, IDF ta kashe wasu Isra'ila uku da aka yi garkuwa da su a wani harin wuta mai kama da juna.
A ranar 1 ga Janairu, 2024, Isra'ila ta janye daga unguwannin da ke Arewacin Gaza. A ranar 15 ga Janairu, Ministan Tsaron Isra'ila Yoav Gallant ya ce fada mafi tsanani a arewacin Zirin Gaza ya ƙare, kuma wani sabon matakin yaƙi mai ƙarfi zai fara. Nan da ranar 18 ga Janairu, IDF, wacce a baya ta bayyana cewa an "ruguza ikon Hamas a Arewacin Gaza", ta ba da rahoton cewa Hamas ta sake gina ƙarfin yaƙinta a Arewacin Gaza.
A ranar 22 ga Janairu, sojojin IDF 24 sun mutu a rana mafi muni ga IDF tun lokacin da aka fara mamayar. Daga cikin wadannan, 21 sun mutu lokacin da mayakan Falasdinawa suka harba wani RPG a kan wani tanki, wanda ya sa gine-ginen da ke kusa suka ruguje. A ranar 29 ga Janairu, sojojin Isra'ila sun kashe Hind Rajab, wata yarinya 'yar shekara biyar, da kuma 'yan uwanta shida lokacin da motar da suke tuka ta buge da tankin Isra'ila da bindiga mai sarrafa kanta; an kuma kashe ma'aikatan ceto biyu da ke kokarin dawo da Rajab. Red Crescent ta fitar da sautin wayar Rajab da ma'aikatan ceto, wanda ya haifar da fushin duniya game da mutuwarta.
Ginawa don harin Rafah (Fabrairu-Afrilu 2024)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Tsakanin Fabrairu da Mayu 2024, shirye-shiryen mamaye Rafah ya zama babban jigon jawabin da jami'an Isra'ila ke yi a bainar jama'a. A ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, Isra'ila ta gudanar da aikin ceto mutane a Rafah tare da wani harin bam . Kayayyakin abinci sun zama matsala. A ranar 5 ga Fabrairu, harsasai na Isra'ila sun lalata wani ayarin motocin UNRWA mai alama, wanda ya tilasta wa UNRWA dakatar da ayyukanta na kusan makonni uku, wanda ya shafi mutane 200,000. A ranar 29 ga Fabrairu, sojojin Isra'ila sun bude wuta kan Falasdinawa da suka mamaye manyan motocin agaji a kudu maso yammacin birnin Gaza, inda suka kashe 100 tare da raunata 750. Wasu daga cikin wadanda abin ya shafa sun fada cikin firgici yayin da manyan motoci suka mamaye su. Wadanda suka tsira sun bayyana shi a matsayin wani harin kwanton bauna da gangan. A ranar 1 ga Maris, Amurka ta sanar da cewa za ta fara jigilar kayan agajin abinci zuwa Gaza ta jirgin sama. Wasu kwararru sun kira wannan shiri mai inganci, suna cewa ba zai rage matsalar abinci ba. A lokacin jawabinsa na Ranar Tarayyar Turai, Biden ya sanar da cewa za a gina tashar jiragen ruwa ta wucin gadi a gabar tekun Gaza domin isar da kayan agaji.
An sake kai hari a Asibitin Al-Shifa, wanda a da aka yi wa kawanya a watan Nuwamba na 2023, tsakanin 18 ga Maris da 1 ga Afrilu. Sojojin Isra'ila sun kashe Faiq al-Mabhouh, wanda suka ce shi ne shugaban hukumar tsaro ta cikin gida ta Hamas. Hamas ta ce al-Mabhouh ne ke kula da jami'an tsaro na farar hula kuma yana shirya isar da kayan agaji zuwa arewacin Gaza. IDF ta ce ta kashe 'yan bindiga 200 a fadan asibiti, ciki har da manyan shugabannin Hamas, yayin da kuma ta kama 'yan bindiga 500 da aka tabbatar; an yi jayayya kan wannan labarin. Wadanda suka tsira sun musanta cewa 'yan bindiga sun shirya a harabar asibitin. An zargi sojojin Isra'ila da barin asibitin da bango da aka lalata da kuma bakar firam, da kuma kashe Falasdinawa 400.
Wani kuduri da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta gabatar a watan Maris, wanda ya bukaci a tsagaita wuta nan take a Gaza saboda watan Ramadan , ya gamu da suka daga IDF. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu, an kashe ma'aikatan agaji na kasa da kasa bakwai daga World Central Kitchen (WCK) a wani harin sama da Isra'ila ta kai a kudancin Deir al-Balah . WCK, wadanda suka ce motocinsu an yi musu alama a fili kuma Isra'ila ta san wurin da suke, daga baya suka janye daga Gaza tare da ANERA da Project HOPE . [12] A ranar 4 ga Afrilu, Isra'ila ta bude Erez Crossing a karon farko tun 7 ga Oktoba bayan matsin lambar Amurka.
Kafin ranar 6 ga Maris, Isra'ila ta kammala sabuwar hanyar gabas zuwa yamma a Gaza. An yi niyyar tattara sojoji da kayayyaki, don haɗa da kare wuraren IDF a titunan al-Rashid da Salah al-Din, da kuma hana mutanen da ke kudancin Gaza komawa arewa. A ranar 7 ga Afrilu, Isra'ila ta janye daga kudancin Zirin Gaza, inda rundunar sojoji ɗaya kawai ta rage a Netzarim Corridor a arewa. Falasdinawan da suka kora suka fara dawowa. Isra'ila ta shirya fara kai hare-haren ƙasa a Rafah a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, amma an dage don la'akari da martanin da za ta mayar kan hare-haren Iran a kan Isra'ila . A ranar 25 ga Afrilu, Isra'ila ta tsananta hare-haren da take kai wa Rafah kafin barazanar mamaye ta.
Farkon harin Rafah (Mayu-Yuli 2024)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A ranar 6 ga Mayu, IDF ta umarci fararen hula 100,000 a gabashin Rafah da su ƙaura zuwa Al-Mawasi, yammacin Khan Yunis. Daga baya a wannan rana, Hamas ta sanar da cewa ta amince da sharuɗɗan tsagaita wuta da Masar da Qatar suka shiga tsakani. Yarjejeniyar ta haɗa da tsagaita wuta na makonni 6 da musayar fursunoni. Duk da haka, Isra'ila ta ƙi amincewa da wannan yarjejeniyar, tana mai cewa za ta ci gaba da tattaunawa yayin da aikin soja a kan Rafah ke ci gaba da "matsin lamba ga Hamas". A ranar 31 ga Mayu, Amurka ta sanar da tsarin tsagaita wuta .
A wannan rana, rundunar IDF ta shiga wajen Rafah, ta kwace iko da gefen Gaza na Rafah Crossing zuwa Masar washegari. Zuwa ranar 15 ga Mayu, an kiyasta cewa mutane 600,000 sun tsere daga Rafah, wasu kuma 100,000 daga arewa, a cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
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A ranar 24 ga Mayu, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ce manyan motocin agaji 906 ne kawai suka isa Gaza tun lokacin da Isra'ila ta fara aikin Rafah. Isra'ila ta jefa bam a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Tel al-Sultan da ke Rafah a ranar 26 ga Mayu, inda ta kashe akalla mutane 45, wadanda ake zargin sun hada da manyan jami'an Hamas biyu. Wannan ya haifar da rikici tsakanin sojojin Masar da Isra'ila a kan iyakar Gaza inda aka kashe wani soja na Masar. Kasa da sa'o'i 48 bayan haka, an jefa bam a wani yankin da aka kwashe mutane, sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Al-Mawasi, wanda ya kashe akalla mutane 21. [13] IDF ta musanta hannu a lamarin.
A ranar 6 ga watan Yuni, Isra'ila ta kai hari kan wata makaranta a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Nuseirat, inda ta kashe mutane da dama. Bayan kwana biyu, Isra'ila ta kai hari kan sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Nuseirat, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar ceto mutane hudu da aka yi garkuwa da su da kuma mutuwar Falasdinawa 274. A ranar 27 ga watan Yuni, sojojin Isra'ila sun sake mamaye unguwar al-Shuja'iyya . A cewar Middle East Monitor da ReliefWeb, tsakanin 4 ga watan Yuli zuwa 10 ga watan Agusta, Isra'ila ta kai hari kan makarantu 21 a Gaza, inda ta kashe mutane 274.
Rafah, Khan Yunis, da kuma harin bam na gama gari (Yuli–Satumba 2024)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 22 ga watan Yuli, rundunar IDF ta sake kai hari a karo na biyu kan Khan Yunis . Isra'ila ta ba da umarnin kwashe mutanen gabashin Khan Yunis; Ma'aikatar lafiya ta Gaza ta ce an kashe mutane 73 a ranar farko ta harin. [16] Bidiyon wani jirgin saman Isra'ila mara matuki ya nuna yadda aka lalata Babban Masallacin da ke Khan Yunis. Yaƙi na uku, wanda ya ɗauki tsawon wata guda, ya ƙare a ranar 30 ga watan Agusta lokacin da rundunar IDF ta janye rundunarta ta 98 daga Khan Yunis da Deir el-Balah, tana mai cewa ta kashe sama da 'yan bindigar Falasɗinawa 250.
A ranar 13 ga watan Yuli, akalla mutane 90 ne suka mutu sannan 300 suka jikkata a wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan Al-Mawasi, kuma an kashe mutane 22 a wani harin da Isra'ila ta kai kan mutanen da suka taru don yin sallah a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Al-Shati . A ranar 10 ga watan Agusta, akalla Falasdinawa 80 ne suka mutu a hare-haren sama da Isra'ila ta kai kan makarantar Al-Tabaeen . Hukumar IDF ta ce ta kashe 'yan bindiga 200 kuma ta gano makamai da dama a Tel al-Sultan. A ranar 10 ga Satumba, wani makami mai linzami da Isra'ila ta harba a wani sansanin tanti a Al-Mawasi ya kashe mutane 19 zuwa 40.
Ci gaba da ayyukan a duk faɗin Gaza (Oktoba-Disamba 2024)
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Oktoba, hare-haren sama da Isra'ila ta kai kan masallacin Shuhada al-Aqsa da ke Deir el-Balah da kuma wata makaranta a tsakiyar Gaza sun kashe akalla Falasdinawa 26 tare da raunata sama da 93. Wani hari da Isra'ila ta kai kan makarantar Rufaida, wacce ke aiki a matsayin mafaka ga mutanen da suka rasa matsuguni a Deir el-Balah, ya kashe akalla mutane 28 tare da raunata 54. A ranar 8 ga Oktoba, rundunar IDF ta fara kewaye sansanin Jabalia, inda ta kashe 'yan bindiga da fararen hula da dama a hare-haren sama da fadace-fadace a kan tituna. Ayyukan rundunar IDF a Jabalia sun ci gaba har zuwa sauran watan Oktoba. A cikin wannan watan da Nuwamba, hare-haren da aka kai a Jabalia sun kashe daruruwan mutane.
An zargi rundunar IDF da hana isar da kayan agaji zuwa yankin Gaza ta hanyar barin 'yan daba su kai hari kan ayarin motocin agaji. A ranar 16 ga Nuwamba, an yi wa manyan motocin abinci 98 cikin 109 da ke dauke da kayan agaji na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya daga mahadar Kerem Shalom fashi a yankunan Gaza da Isra'ila ke iko da su . [17] An zargi kabilar Abu Shabab, wacce ke adawa da Hamas, da kai hare-haren. A ranar 1 ga Disamba, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta dakatar da jigilar kayan agaji ta hanyar mahadar, tana zargin Isra'ila da gazawa wajen "tabbatar da yanayi mai kyau don isar da kayan agaji."
A ranar 16 ga Oktoba, sojojin ƙasa na IDF sun kashe Yahya Sinwar a wani harbi a Tal as-Sultan . Biden ya yi kira ga Isra'ila da ta kawo ƙarshen yaƙin bayan mutuwar Sinwar.
Manazarta
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