Yaƙin Graspan
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| Iri | faɗa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bangare na |
Second Boer War (en)  | |||
| Kwanan watan | 25 Nuwamba, 1899 | |||
| Ƙasa | Afirka ta kudu | |||
Yaƙin Graspan, wanda kuma aka sani da Yaƙin Enslin, ya kasance haɗin gwiwa ne a Yaƙin Boer na Biyu kusa da tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Enslin a Graspan kopje. An yi yakin ne a ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba, 1899, tsakanin sojojin Birtaniya ƙarƙashin jagorancin Lord Methuen da Boers karkashin jagorancin Koos de la Rey.
Bayan Yaƙin Belmont, Ƙarfin Lord Methuen ya haɓaka hanyar jirgin ƙasa a cikin jiragen ƙasa masu sulke. A ranar 24 ga watan Nuwamba, an harba jirgin ƙasan da bindigogin Boer a tsaunin da ke kusa da shi, wanda ya kawar da shi. Daga nan Methuen ya yanke shawarar shiga Boers don ci gaba da ci gaba, tare da kai hari a rana mai zuwa. [1]
Yaƙi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Da safiyar ranar 25 ga watan Nuwamba, Brigade ta 9 ta nufi arewa zuwa Graspan kopje. Boer pom-pom ya fara harbi kan ci gaban Burtaniya, tare da bindigogin Krupp 75mm guda huɗu. Gobarar ta kashe 'yan Burtaniya 5 na yau da kullum da dawakai biyu, a martanin da Birtaniyya ta harba bindigoginsu na ruwa mai inci 12, [2] cikin sauri ta rufe Boers. Bayan haɗin kai da manyan bindigogi, Methuen ya zana Coldstreams, Scots, da Grenadiers don ci gaba daga Belmont zuwa Graspan.
Da misalin karfe 7 na safe, Brigade na Guards, tare da Northamptonshires da Northumberland Fusiliers, sun haura layin dogo zuwa kopje. Brigade na Naval wanda ya ƙunshi ma'aikatan ruwa daga HMS Doris, HMS Terrible, HMS Powerful, da kuma bataliyar Royal Marines, sun halarta.
Yayin da aka fara yaƙin, an tsare Brigade na Guards a ajiye a baya, yayin da suke cikin yaƙin Belmont kwanaki biyu kacal da suka wuce. An kawo 'yan fusiliers da rundunonin sojoji masu haske an aika su kai farmaki kan Matsayin Boer.
Brigade na Naval ya ci gaba zuwa wuraren Boer, fallasa. Ba kamar takwarorinsu na sojojin ba, waɗannan sojojin ba su saba da salon yaƙin da sojojin da suka saba fuskanta ba. Don haka, rundunar sojojin ruwa ta samu hasarar rayuka da dama saboda rashin kwarewa.
Yayin da suke ci gaba zuwa wuraren Boer, Birtaniya sun buɗe wuta a kan wuraren Boer a ƙarƙashin murfin ciyawa da duwatsu. [3] Turawan ingila ne suka ci gaba da zage-zage har suka isa tudu. Wutar bindigar Boer ta yi nasarar kama wasu daga cikin 'yan Burtaniya, amma ta ƙasa dakatar da ci gaba. Daga ƙarshe masu gadin sun isa gindin tsaunin, kuma suka caje Boer matsayi. Wasu Boers, da suka ga zargin Birtaniya, sun ja da baya daga tudun. Wasu sun tsaya a baya, suna riƙe da Birtaniya muddin zai yiwu. Daga karshe turawan ingila sun kewaye wannan matsayi kuma sun yi nasarar kutsawa cikin ramuka, wanda hakan ya sa suka koma kogin Modder. [3]
Tsarin yaƙi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sojojin Burtaniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]| Kashi na daya | Laftanar-Janar Lord Paul Sanford Methuen GCB, GCMG, GCVO |
| Rukunin Sojojin | |
| 9th Lancers | Rundunar sojojin ruwa: |
| Batirin Filin Na 18, Makarantun Sarauta | Brigade na jirgin ruwa daga HMS Doris |
| Kamfanin Filin na 7, Injiniyoyi na Sarauta | Brigade na jirgin ruwa daga HMS Terrible |
| Tushen Harsashi | Brigade na jirgin ruwa daga HMS Powerful |
| Batirin Filin Na 75, Makarantun Sarauta | Royal Marines[4] |
| Rundunar Sojan Sama | |
| Sojojin Sojojin [3] | |
| 1st (Masu gadi) Brigade : Manjo-Janar Henry Edward Coleville | Brigade na 9 : Manjo-Janar Charles Whittingham Douglas |
| Bataliya ta 3, Grenadier Guards | Battalion 1st Northumberland Fusiliers |
| Battalion 1st, Coldstream Guards | 1st Battalion Loyal North Lancashire Regiment |
| Bataliya ta 2, Coldstream Guards | Bataliya ta 2 Northamptonshire Regiment |
| Bataliya ta 1, Guards na Scots | 2nd Battalion King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry |
| No 18 Kamfanin Bearer | 2nd Regiment na Manchester |
| No 19 Company Army Service Corps | 1st Royal Munster Fusiliers |
| New South Wales Lancers | |
Sojojin Boer
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]| Commandos karkashin kwamandan Janar Koos de la Rey |
| Jacobsdal Commando (1500) |
| Sashen Makamai na Jihar Transvaal . (4x 7.5 cm Krupp Gun da 2x QF 1 pom-pom bindigogi) |
Bayan haka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bayan yakin, sojojin Lord Methuen sun ci gaba da hawan hanyar jirgin ƙasa zuwa Kimberley. Daga ƙarshe a ranar 28 ga watan Nuwamba, sojojinsa za su shiga tare da sojojin Boer mafi girma a yakin Modder River. Methuen zai yi nasara, amma ya sami raunuka da yawa. Za a dakatar da ci gaban Metheun, duk da haka, bayan mummunan shan kashi a yakin Magersfontein. Za a gina wani abin tunawa a cikin shekarar 1903, kuma an sadaukar da shi ga Royal Marines, mai suna bayan wannan yakin. [5]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "RMA HIGHLANDS". rma-highlands.org.uk (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-11-15.
- ↑ "South African Military History Society – Journal – OFS Artillery at Graspan". samilitaryhistory.org. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
- 1 2 3 "Battles of Graspan (also known as Enslin)". www.britishbattles.com. Retrieved 2023-11-15. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ German General Staff (1998), Vol II, p. 238
- ↑ Biggs, Simon (2019-11-25). "The Battle of Graspan 1899". RoyalMarinesHistory (in Turanci). Retrieved 2024-02-02.