Jump to content

Yaƙin Sidi Brahim

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Infotaula d'esdevenimentYaƙin Sidi Brahim

Map
 35°15′38″N 0°34′03″W / 35.2606°N 0.5675°W / 35.2606; -0.5675
Iri faɗa
Bangare na Cin nasarar Faransa a Aljeriya
Kwanan watan 25 Satumba 1845
Wuri gambetta (en) Fassara

Yaƙin Sidi Brahim, 23 zuwa 25 ga Satumba 1845, ya faru ne a lokacin da Faransa ta mamaye Aljeriya, kusa da Souahlia a lardin Tlemcen . Tsakanin 'yan Algeria 1,000 zuwa 1,200 ba bisa ka'ida ba a karkashin Sarki Abdelkader sun yi wa sojojin Faransa kwanton bauna na kusan 500 karkashin jagorancin Laftanar-Kanar Lucien de Montagnac . Yawancin wadanda suka mutu an kashe ko kuma aka kama su a fadan farko, kuma kadan ne kawai aka ruwaito sun tsira daga haduwar.

Duk da shan kashinsu, Faransanci sun yi amfani da yakin a matsayin alamar farashin da aka biya don sayen Faransanci Algeria, kuma a cikin 1898, an kafa wani abin tunawa ga "shahidan Sidi-Brahim" a Oran . Bayan 'yancin kai na Aljeriya a shekara ta 1962, an mayar da abin tunawa zuwa na tunawa da sarki Abdelkader, da kuma adawa da mulkin mallaka gaba ɗaya.

Fage

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An fara mamayar da Faransa ta yi wa Aljeriya da kama Algiers a shekara ta 1830, kuma a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa ta fadada a gabar tekun. A cikin 1840, an ƙirƙiri larduna uku na Faransa, Constantine a gabas, Alger a tsakiya, da Oran a yamma. Sai dai kuma an ci gaba da gwabza kazamin fada a yammacin Aljeriya karkashin jagorancin sarki Abdelkader, wanda a wani lokaci ke rike da galibin yankunan karkara. [1] Kodayake ɓangarorin Faransawa sun kasance masu rauni ga hare-haren ban mamaki, a shekara ta 1845 wata manufa ta duniya da ba ta dace ba da ke amfani da ƙananan sojoji masu saurin gudu sun kawar da mafi yawan juriya. [2]

A watan Satumba na 1845, Abdelkader ya sake shiga Algeria daga sansaninsa da ke kan iyaka a Maroko . [1] A martanin da ya mayar, Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, gwamnan lardin Oran, ya aika da ginshiƙai daban-daban guda uku don su tare shi, wanda Laftanar-Kanar Lucien de Montagnac, kwamandan garrison na Ghazaouet ya jagoranta. Da ake zargin cewa ba shi da farin jini ga sojojinsa, Montagnac ya kasance tsohon sojan mulkin mallaka mai wuyar cizo, wanda "rubutunsa suna alfahari da laifukan yaki da dama". [3]

A ranar 20 ga Satumba, Montagnac ya sami aikewa daga Cavaignac, yana roƙonsa da ya rubanya ƙoƙarinsa na kama Abdelkader. [4] Majiyoyin cikin gida sun sanar da cewa karshen yana kusa da Souahlia mai nisan kilomita ashirin zuwa kudu, kwamandan na Faransa ya bar Ghazaouet da karfe 10:00 na dare ranar 21 ga Satumba, tare da kamfanoni shida na runduna masu haske, da sassan biyu na hussars, kusan mutane 420. [4] [5] [lower-alpha 1] Rukunin ya yi tafiya cikin dare da wani ɓangare na 22nd, kafin yin sansani kusa da abin da ke yanzu Duar Adadin, kilomita 22 kudu maso yammacin Ghazzouet. [8]

Yaƙi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Da yammacin ranar 22 ga Satumba, Faransawa sun yi sansani a kusa da Souahlia, kuma bayan karfe 9:00 na safe ranar 23 ga Satumba, Montagnac ya hango wani karamin dakarun sojan doki na Aljeriya daga nesa. Ya bar kamfanoni biyu ne kawai suka gadin kayan, ya jagoranci sauran tawagarsa ya tare su. Hussars, karkashin jagorancin Manjo de Couby, sun tuhume su a cikin abin da ya tabbatar da cewa tarko ne mai kyau, kuma a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan, an kashe ko kama dukkan sojojin, ciki har da Montagnac da de Couby. A cewar Jacques Garnier, adadin abokan hamayyarsu ya haura 3,000, [9] amma Ismail Al Arabi ya sanya su tsakanin 1,000 zuwa 1,200. [10]

Daya daga cikin kamfanonin biyu da ke ajiyar ya yi kokarin ceto abokan aikinsu amma kuma abin ya rutsa da su, inda ya bar maza 79 daga Kamfanin Carabinier na 8 da ke karkashin Kyaftin Géreaux, tare da hussar guda shida. Wadannan mutane sun ja da baya zuwa wani gini da ke kusa, wani abin tarihi na wani yanki na Marabout da aka fi sani da waliyyin Sidi Brahim, wanda kuma sunan yakin. [11] An kewaye su, kuma an umurci daya daga cikin fursunonin Faransa, Adjutant Captain Dutertre, da ya bukaci su mika wuya, amma a maimakon haka ya bukace su da su yi yaki har su mutu, kuma nan take aka kashe su.

A cikin kwanaki biyu masu zuwa, Faransawa sun yi yaƙi da jerin hare-hare, amma a ranar 25 ga Satumba, an yi ta fama da harsashi ba tare da ruwa ba. Sun yi amfani da damar tsagaita bude wuta a fadan, amma ‘yan Algeria sun kama su a nisan kilomita uku daga Ghazaouet. A cikin fadan da ya biyo baya, an kashe Géreaux kuma Faransawa ta rage zuwa maza ashirin kafin sojojin yankin su ceto su. Wasu daga baya sun mutu saboda raunuka ko gajiya.

Kiyasin mutuwar Faransawa sun kai daga 300 [12] zuwa 400 da suka mutu. [13] An kiyasta adadin wadanda suka tsira daga tsakanin sojoji bakwai [14] zuwa goma sha biyu. [15]

Gado

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Abin tunawa na Sidi-Brahim a Oran, yanzu abin tunawa ga sarki Abdelkader

Baya ga wadanda aka kashe a fadan, majiyoyi sun kiyasta cewa an kama fursunoni 100 a Sidi Brahim, tare da wasu sojoji 200 daga rukunin agaji, wadanda suka mika wuya ba tare da wani fada ba a kusa da Ain Témouchent . [12] [16] Fursunonin sun yi tattaki zuwa Maroko, da fatan musanya su da 'yan Algeria da Faransa ke tsare da su, amma na baya-bayan nan ya ki yin hakan. Ban da yawan jami'ai, yawancin sauran an kashe su ne a cikin Afrilu 1846. [11]

Duk da shan kayensu, Faransawa sun yi amfani da yaƙin a matsayin alamar "hadayar jini" da aka biya don ƙirƙirar Aljeriya ta Faransa. A cikin 1898, an gina wani abin tunawa da "shahidan Sidi-Brahim" a Oran, amma bayan 'yancin kai na Aljeriya a 1962, an rikide zuwa daya daga cikin adawa da mulkin mallaka, kuma jarumi mai kishin kasa, Emir Abdelkader. An cire sassa na ainihin abin tunawa, ciki har da mutum-mutumi na Marianne, wanda yanzu ana iya gani a ƙauyen Périssac, wurin haifuwa na Géreaux. [17]

An binne gawarwakin sojojin Faransa da aka kashe a Sidi Brahim da farko a Djemmaa Ghazaouet da ke Tombeau des Braves . A cikin 1965, an tura waɗannan zuwa Musée des Chasseurs a Vincennes, kuma a cikin 2000, an buɗe wani sabon abin tunawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na tunawa da cika shekaru 155 na yaƙin. [1] Rukunin Chasseur na Sojojin Faransa na gudanar da bikin zagayowar yakin a kowace shekara.

  1. ↑ According to official returns, his detachment consisted of 346 to 350 men from the 8th Chasseurs, and 60 from the 2nd Hussars.[6][5][7]Samfuri:Unreliable source?

Magana

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. 1 2 Ruedy 2005.
  2. ↑ Horne 1977.
  3. ↑ Manceron 2003.
  4. 1 2 Caron 1905.
  5. 1 2 "La Sidi-Brahim". MINISTÈRE DES ARMÉES Centre d'entraînement au combat - 1er Bataillon de chasseurs à pied. 18 April 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  6. ↑ Caron 1905, p. 630.
  7. ↑ Pernot 1905, p. 7.
  8. ↑ Pernot 1905.
  9. ↑ Garnier 2004.
  10. ↑ Al Arabi 1986.
  11. 1 2 Marston 2013.
  12. 1 2 Danziger 1977.
  13. ↑ Clayton 1988.
  14. ↑ Tucker 2009.
  15. ↑ Clodfelter 2017.
  16. ↑ Marin 1847.
  17. ↑ Ivey, Beatrice (10 December 2018). "The Sidi-Brahim monument". Narratives and Representations of the French Settlers of Algeria. University of Stirling. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
Daga "https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yaƙin_Sidi_Brahim&oldid=632304"