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Yaƙin Tabora

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Infotaula d'esdevenimentYaƙin Tabora

Map
 5°01′00″S 32°48′00″E / 5.016667°S 32.8°E / -5.016667; 32.8
Iri faɗa
Bangare na East African Campaign (en) Fassara
Kwanan watan 8 –  19 Satumba 1916
Wuri Tabora (en) Fassara
Participant (en) Fassara

Yaƙin Tabora (Faransanci: Bataille de Tabora; 8-19 Satumba 1916 [1]) wani aikin soja ne wanda ya faru a kusa da a arewa maso yammacin Jamus ta Gabashin Afirka (Tanzania ta zamani) a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na I. Haɗin ya kasance wani ɓangare na Yakin Gabashin Afirka kuma ya kasance ƙarshen Tabora Offensive inda sojojin Belgium daga Belgian Congo suka haye iyaka kuma suka kama ƙauyen Kigoma da Tabora (birni mafi girma a cikin mulkin mallaka na Jamus), suna tura sojojin mulkin mallaka. Nasarar ba wai kawai ta bar yawancin yankin Ruanda-Urundi a ƙarƙashin mamayar soja ta Belgium ba amma ta ba Allies iko da muhimmiyar hanyar jirgin kasa ta Tanganjikabahn.[2]

Gabatarwa

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Taswirar Yakin Gabashin Afirka, 1916-1917.

A cikin tsarin tsattsauran ra'ayi na Belgian Congo, Force Publique na iya ɗaukar matsayi na tsaro kawai. Wannan ya canza a ranar 15 ga watan Agustan shekara ta 1914 lokacin da jiragen ruwa na Jamus, da ke kan Tafkin Tanganyika, suka jefa bam a tashar jiragen ruwa ta Mokolobu (kudancin Uvira) da kuma gidan Lukuga mako guda bayan haka. A ranar 24 ga watan Satumba Jamusawa sun mamaye Tsibirin Kwijwi, ta wannan hanyar sun mallaki Tafkin Kivu.[3]

Bayan cin nasarar Rwanda a watan Mayu 1916 da Urundi a watan Yuni da sojojin Belgo-Congolese suka yi, an kafa ginshiƙai biyu don karbar Tabora. A arewa, shafi na farko (Brigade Nord) ya kai Tafkin Victoria kusa da Mwanza a ranar 30 ga Yuli, bayan gwagwarmaya mai tsanani a yankin Ussewi. A farkon watan Yulin shafi na biyu (Brigade Sud) ya ci gaba zuwa kudu daga Kitega tare da gabar gabashin Tafkin Tanganyika. A ranar 28 ga watan Yulin wannan shafi ya kama tashar jiragen ruwa ta Kigoma, ƙarshen layin jirgin ƙasa na dabarun daga Dar Es Salaam ta hanyar Tabora zuwa Kigoma. A farkon watan Agusta duka ginshiƙan sun fara tafiya zuwa Tabora. Ƙananan Sojojin Burtaniya, karkashin jagorancin Brigadier Janar Charles Crewe na Afirka ta Kudu, suna cikin tseren tare da sojojin Belgium don isa Tabora. Sojojin Burtaniya sun kasa kuma sun zargi tsayayyar Jamus da matsaloli masu tsanani.

Yaƙin Tabora

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Shigar da nasara a cikin Elisabethville na sojojin Force Publique a lokacin da suka dawo daga Tabora a 1917.

Brigade na kudancin da Colonel Frederik Valdemar Olsen ya umarce shi ya ci gaba zuwa Tabora bayan bin Tanganyika Railway (Tanganjikabahn), wanda Jamusawa suka lalata yayin da suka janye zuwa gabas.[lower-alpha 1] [4] Tabora fili ne da ke kewaye da tuddai, wanda Maj. Janar Wahle na Jamus ya yi amfani da shi don gina tsaronsa;[ana buƙatar hujja]Sojojinsa sun hada da mayaƙan Indugaruga na Rwandan.[5][6] Brigade na kudancin ya mallaki tashar jirgin kasa ta Jamus a Usoke a ranar 30 ga watan Agusta, a mayar da martani Wahle ya aika da ƙarfafawa daga Tabora zuwa Usoke ta jirgin kasa. Rundunar Schutztruppen ta Jamus ta kaddamar da hare-haren da aka kai wa Usoke daga 2 zuwa 3 ga Satumba, wanda Force Publique ta kori. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][ana buƙatar hujja]

A ranar 7, Janar Wahle ya sake kai hari a tashar jirgin kasa ta Usoke, a wannan lokacin an sanya bindigar sojan ruwa a daya daga cikin wagons na jirgin kasa. Dukkanin bangarorin biyu sun sha wahala sosai, an jefa bam a tashar jirgin kasa, rundunar soji ta kaddamar da hari, kuma an tura Jamusawa baya.

Lokacin da aka karya juriya ta ƙarshe a Usoke (yammacin Tabora), 'yan Belgium sun ci gaba don isa ga tsaron Jamus na Tabora a Lulanguru a ranar 8 ga Satumba. Brigade na kudancin ya jagoranci ayyukan kai farmaki na kwanaki 4 masu zuwa, ya rufe Tabora daga yamma. Wahle ya kafa manyan mukamansa a Itaga, arewacin Tabora . Daga 10-12 Satumba brigade na arewa ya gamu da tsayayyar Jamusanci a cikin tsaunuka na Itaga, inda suka sha wahala sosai.[lower-alpha 2] A wannan lokacin sojojin Wahle sun ragu zuwa bindigogi 1,100 kuma barin sojojin Askari ya ninka.  

A ranar 16 ga watan Satumba Jamusawa sun tsayar da wata wasika daga Crewe ga Colonel Molitor (Brigade Nord), wanda ya bayyana cewa an shirya babban hari daga arewa don 19th.[7] Bayan gwagwarmaya mai tsanani, sojojin Jamus sun koma kudu maso gabas, a cikin ginshiƙai uku. Hukumomin farar hula na Tabora sun mika wuya ga sojojin Force Publique a ranar 19 ga Satumba.

Sakamakon haka

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'Yan Belgium sun 'yantar da fursunonin yaki na Allied 200 (musamman Belgium da Birtaniya) kuma an kama sojojin Jamus 228. Rundunar ta rasa sojoji 1,300. A ranar 3 ga Oktoba, bayan da Allies suka kafa iko da yankin Great Lakes na Afirka, an rushe Lake Force. Wahle, a cikin tsammanin bin Allied, yana janyewa da sauri zuwa Mahenge kuma ya sami kansa a cikin ƙasa da ba a bincika ba kuma ba a zaune ba, ba tare da ruwa da abinci a hannunsa ba.

Daga cikin Indugaruga na Rwanda da ke cikin yakin Tabora, kaɗan ne suka koma Rwanda. Wadanda suka yi hakan daga baya hukumomin mulkin mallaka na Belgium suka yi musu cin zarafi.[5]

Bayanan da aka ambata

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  1. ↑ Tucker 2014.
  2. ↑ Paice, E. (2008). Tip and Run: The Untold Tragedy of the Great War in Africa (Phoenix ed.). London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-7538-2349-1.
  3. ↑ Strachan, H. (2001). The First World War: To Arms. I. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 585. ISBN 978-0-19-926191-8.
  4. ↑ Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2014). World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. pp. 1529–1530. ISBN 978-1-85109-964-1.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Heeb & Kabwete 2022.
  6. ↑ Rusagara 2009.
  7. ↑ Strachan, H. (2001). The First World War: To Arms. I. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-926191-1.


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