Yan kasashen waje
 Yan kasashen waje | |
|---|---|
second-order class (en)  da group of humans (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
human migration (en) |
| Is metaclass for (en) | ƙabila |
| Nada jerin |
list of diasporas (en) |
Baƙi (/daɪˈæspərə/ dy-ASP-ər-ə) al'umma ce da ke warwatse ko'ina cikin yankuna waɗanda ke keɓance da wurin asalinsa.[1][2]Ana amfani da kalmar don yin la'akari da mutanen da suka gano da takamaiman wurin yanki, amma a halin yanzu suna zaune a wani wuri.[3][4][5]
Sanannen al'ummomin kasashen waje sun hada da kasashen Yahudanci da aka kafa bayan gudun hijirar Babila;[[6]Assuriyawan da ke bin kisan kare dangi na Assuriya; Norman Conquest na Ingila;[7][8]Kudancin Sinawa da Kudancin Asiya waɗanda suka bar ƙasashensu a cikin ƙarni na 19th da 20th; [9] ƴan ƙasashen Irish bayan Babban Yunwa; 'yan kasashen waje na Circassian bayan kisan kare dangi na Circassian; al'ummar Palastinu (shatat)[10] saboda hijira da gudun hijira na Falasdinu; Kasashen Armeniya da ke bin kisan kare dangi na Armeniya;[11] [21] 'yan kasashen waje na Lebanon saboda yakin basasa na Lebanon; [22] da Siriyawa saboda yakin basasar Siriya;[12]
Rahoton Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na shekarar 2019 ya nuna cewa, al’ummar Indiyawa su ne mafi yawan mazauna a duniya, suna da yawan jama’a miliyan 17.5, sai kuma mazaunan Mexico, masu yawan jama’a miliyan 11.8, sai kuma na kasar Sin mai yawan jama’a miliyan 10.7.[25]
Alqalumma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmar "diaspora" ta samo asali ne daga kalmar Tsohuwar Girka ta διασπείρω (diaspeirō), "Na watsawa", "Na yada game da" wanda kuma ya ƙunshi διά (dia), "tsakanin, ta hanyar, fadin" da kuma kalmar fi'ili σπείρω), "speir, watsawa". Kalmar διασπορά (kasashen waje) don haka tana nufin “watsewa”[13]
Akwai rudani game da ainihin tsarin da aka samo daga waɗannan kalmomin Girka na dā zuwa ra'ayi na ƙaura. Mutane da yawa suna ambaton Thucydides (ƙarni na 5 BC) a matsayin farkon wanda ya fara amfani da kalmar[14][15][29] Duk da haka, masanin ilimin zamantakewa Stéphane Dufoix ya furta "ba wai kawai sunan diaspora ba ya nan daga asalin Girkanci [Thucydides' Peloponnesian War, II, 27)], amma ainihin ba ya haɗa da fi'ili diaspeírô.
καὶ οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν ἐνταῦθα ᾤκησαν, οἱ δ᾽ ἐσπάρησσν [esparαēsan] ἄλλην Ἑλλάδα, wanda aka fassara zuwa ma'anar 'Wadanda na Aeginetans waɗanda ba su zauna a nan sun warwatse a cikin sauran Hellas ba.'[31]
Dufoix ya ci gaba da lura cewa, "Daga cikin duk abubuwan da suka faru na al'umma a cikin Thesaurus Linguae Graecae (TLG), wanda ya kusantar da kusan dukkanin rubuce-rubucen da aka rubuta a cikin harshen Girkanci. . . ba wanda ke nufin mulkin mallaka." Ilimin zamantakewa.[33] Shigarsa, wanda aka buga a cikin 1931, ya haɗa da bayanin da ke gaba: "A ma'ana Magna Graecia ta zama ƴan gudun hijirar Girka a tsohuwar Daular Roma."[34] [a] "Magna Graecia" tana nufin tsoffin mulkin mallaka na Girka da aka kafa tare da gabar Italiya, waɗanda suka rasa 'yancin kansu bayan Yaƙin Punic na biyu da haɗarsu cikin Daular Roma.
Amfanin farko da aka rubuta na kalmar “baƙi” ana samunsa a cikin Septuagint, na farko a:
Kubawar Shari’a 28:25 , a cikin kalmar nan ἔσῃ ἐν διασπορᾷ ἐν basileiais tes gēs, da aka fassara zuwa ma'anar 'za ku zama warwatse cikin dukan mulkokin duniya'
na biyu kuma a cikin:
Zabura 146(147).2, a cikin jumlar οἰκοδομῶν Ἰερουσαλὴμ ὁ Ἰσραὴλ ἐπισυνάξει, oikodomōn Jerousalēm ho Kyrios kai tas diasporas tou Israēl episynaxē, fassara zuwa ma'ana 'Ubangiji ya gina Urushalima, ya tattara waɗanda suka kora daga Isra'ila.
Lokacin da aka fassara Littafi Mai-Tsarki zuwa Hellenanci, an yi amfani da kalmar diaspora a game da Mulkin Samariya wanda Assuriyawa suka kora daga Isra’ila a tsakanin 740 zuwa 722 BC, [36] da Yahudawa, da Biliyaminu, da Lawiyawa waɗanda Babila suka kora daga Masarautar Yahuda a 587 BC, da Yahudawa waɗanda aka kora daga Daular Romawa a Yahudiya [7 AD]. Daga baya ya zo a yi amfani da shi dangane da motsi na tarihi da tsarin matsugunin Yahudawa[38]. A cikin Turanci, babba, kuma ba tare da gyare-gyare ba, kalmar na iya nufin ƙauran Yahudawa na musamman.[39] Faɗin aikace-aikacen ƴan ƙasashen waje ya samo asali ne daga tsarin korar jama'ar Assuriya ta hanyoyi biyu na yawan jama'ar da aka ci yaƙi don ƙaryata iƙirarin yanki na gaba a ɓangarensu.[40]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Diaspora". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
- ↑ Melvin Ember, Carol R. Ember and Ian Skoggard, ed. (2004). Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Volume I: Overviews and Topics; Volume II: Diaspora Communities. p. xxvi. ISBN 9780306483219.
- ↑ "Diasporas". Migration Data Portal. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- ↑ Edwards, Brent Hayes (8 October 2014). "Diaspora". Keywords for American Cultural Studies, Second Edition. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- ↑ "Diaspora definition and meaning". CollinsDictionary.com. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
- ↑ "Babylonian Captivity | Definition, History, & Significance | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 6 July 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
- ↑ Demir, Sara (2017). "The atrocities against the Assyrians in 1915: A legal perspective". In Travis, Hannibal (ed.). The Assyrian Genocide: Cultural and Political Legacies. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-98025-8.
- ↑ Gaunt, David; Atto, Naures; Barthoma, Soner O. (2019). "Introduction: Contextualizing the Sayfo in the First World War". Let Them Not Return: Sayfo – The Genocide Against the Assyrian, Syriac, and Chaldean Christians in the Ottoman Empire. Berghahn Books. ISBN 9781785334993.
- ↑ Yun, Lisa (2008). The coolie speaks : Chinese indentured laborers and African slaves in Cuba. Internet Archive. Philadelphia : Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-59213-581-3.
- ↑ Montgomery, David R. (14 May 2007). Dirt: The Erosion of Civilizations. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520933163.
- ↑ "The Highland Clearances". Historic UK. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
- ↑ Chaliand & Rageau 1995, p. xiii, n. 1.
- ↑ διασπορά. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ Tölölyan 1996, p. 10.
- ↑ Kenny 2013, p. 2.