Yan potugal a guinea
 Yan potugal a guinea | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
colony (en)  , overseas province of Portugal (en) da former administrative territorial entity (en) | |||||
| Bayanai | |||||
| Bangare na |
Portuguese colonization of Africa (en) | ||||
| Farawa | 1474 | ||||
| Ƙasa | Daular Portuguese | ||||
| Babban birni | Bisau | ||||
| Located in the present-day administrative territorial entity (en) | Guinea-Bissau | ||||
| Tsarin gwamnati |
colony (en) | ||||
| Kuɗi |
Portuguese Guinean escudo (en) | ||||
| Dissolved, abolished or demolished date (en) | 10 Satumba 1974 | ||||
| Wuri | |||||
| |||||
Portuguese Guinea (Portuguese: Guiné Portuguesa), wanda ake kira Lardin Ketare na Guinea daga 1951 zuwa 1972 sannan kuma Jahar Guinea daga shekara ta 1972 zuwa shekarar 1974, lardi ce ta Portugal a ketare a yammacin Afirka daga shekara ta 1588 zuwa 10 ga watan Satumba,shekara ta 1974, lokacin da ta sami 'yancin kai a matsayin Guinea-Bissau.
cinikin bayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tutar Casa da Guiné, wani kamfani na Portugal wanda ke yin ciniki a cikin kayayyaki da yawa, gami da bayi, a kusa da gabar tekun Guinea tun daga karni na 15. [1] [2]
Cacheu Fort
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ƙasar Portuguese Crown ta umurci ma'aikatanta don bincika gabar tekun Atlantika na yammacin Afirka a cikin shekara ta 1430s, don nemo tushen zinare. A wancan lokacin Maroko ne ke sarrafa cinikin zinari. Ayarin musulmi a fadin sahara kuma suna dauke da gishiri, kola, masaku, kifi, hatsi, da bayi.[3] Ma'aikatan jirgin sun fara wuce shingen Cape Bojador a shekara ta 1437 kuma sun sami damar bincika gabar tekun Afirka ta Yamma har zuwa Saliyo a shekara ta 1460 kuma suka mamaye tsibiran Cape Verde tun daga shekara ta 1456.[4] [5] [6] Zinariya a ƙarshe ta fito ne daga saman kogin Niger da Volta kuma kambin Portuguese ya so karkatar da cinikin zinare zuwa bakin teku. Don sarrafa cinikin zinari, Sarkin Portugal ya ba da umarnin gina wani katafaren gida, mai suna São Jorge da Mina (yanzu Elmina Castle), a gabar tekun Zinare ta Portugal a shekara ta 1482 tare da sauran wuraren kasuwanci. Gwamnatin Portuguese ta kafa Kamfanin Ginin don kasuwanci da saita farashin kaya, [7] ciki har da zinariya da hauren giwa, barkono Melegueta da bayi. Kasuwancin bayi na Atlantic ya kwashe kimanin mutane miliyan goma sha ɗaya daga Afirka tsakanin shekara ta 1440 zuwa shekarar 1870, ciki har da miliyan biyu daga Senegambia da Upper Guinea.[[8] [9] ,[10]
Daga baya lokacin mulkin mallaka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Sha'awar Biritaniya a yankin Upper Guinea ya ragu bayan ƙarshen cinikin bayi na Burtaniya a shekarar 1807 kuma ya mai da hankali kan Saliyo bayan an yi watsi da zaman tsibirin Boloma. A farkon karni na 19, Portuguese sun sami kwanciyar hankali a Bissau kuma suna ɗaukar bakin tekun da ke makwabtaka da su.[[11] Gudanar da su ya yi yawa: don yawancin karni na 19 kasancewar Portuguese a Guinea an iyakance shi ne ga kogunan Guinea, ƙauyukan Bissau, Cacheu da Ziguinchor (na ƙarshe a Senegal). A wani wurin kuma an adana shi, tare da ƙaramin taimako na hukuma, ta mutanen Creole na gida da kuma mazauna tsibirin Cape Verde, waɗanda suka mallaki ƙananan gonaki (Pontus).[12] [13] [14] Kasancewar shuke-shuken da Faransawa da Senegal ke gudanarwa ya haifar da haɗarin da'awar Faransawa a kudancin kogin Casamance. Bayan taron Berlin na shekarat 1885 ya gabatar da ka'idar aiki mai inganci, tattaunawar da Faransa ta haifar da asarar yankin Casamance mai mahimmanci ga Faransa ta yammacin Afirka. A musayar, Faransawa sun amince da iyakokin Guinea na Portuguese.[[15] [16]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ .R. Boxer, (1977). The Portuguese seaborne empire, pp.
- ↑ H. Hair, (1997). '"Elephants for Want of Towns": The Interethnic and International History of Bulama Island, 1456–1870', History in Africa, Vol. 24, pp. 183, 186
- ↑ Urban Communities in Africa – Closed Systems and Open Minds
- ↑ R. Boxer, (1977). The Portuguese seaborne empire, 1415–1825, pp. 26–7, 30 London, Hutchinson & Co. ISBN 0-
- ↑ . H. Hair, (1997). '"Elephants for Want of Towns": The Interethnic and International History of Bulama Island, 1456–1870', History in Africa, Vol. 24, pp. 183, 186
- ↑ Boxer, (1977). The Portuguese seaborne empire, pp. 30–1
- ↑ C.R. Boxer, (1977). The Portuguese seaborne empire, 1415–1825, pp. 26–7, 30 London, Hutchinson & Co. ISBN 0-09131-071-7
- ↑ H Thomas, (1997). The Slave Trade: The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1440–1870, pp. 804–5, New York (NY), Simon and Schuster, ISBN 0-684-81063-8
- ↑ C.R. Boxer, (1977). The Portuguese seaborne empire, pp. 97, 112, 170–2
- ↑ "History of Guinea-Bissau"
- ↑ “History of Portuguese Guinea”
- ↑ Bowman (1987) “Legitimate Commerce” and peanut production in Portuguese Guinea 1840s–1880s, The Journal of African History Vol. 28 No. 1, pp 89, 96.
- ↑ G Clarence-Smith, (1975). The Third Portuguese Empire, p 22
- ↑ W. G. Clarence-Smith, (1975). The Third Portuguese Empire, 1825–1975, Manchester University Press, pp. 30–
- ↑ L Bowman (1987) “Legitimate Commerce” and peanut production in Portuguese Guinea 1840s–1880s, The Journal of African History Vol. 28 No1 pp 89, 96.
- ↑ W G Clarence-Smith, (1975). The Third Portuguese Empire, p 22