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Yanayin Ayutthaya

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

'Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya' (Thai), ko kuma a cikin gida kuma kawai Ayutthay shine babban birnin Lardin Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya na Thailand. Ayutthaya ita ce babban birnin Masarautar Ayutthaya . Da yake a tsibirin a wurin haɗuwar kogin Chao Phraya da Pa Sak, Ayutthaya shine wurin haihuwar wanda ya kafa Bangkok, Sarki Rama I. An adana rushewar tsohuwar birni a cikin Tarihin Tarihin Ayutthay .ththth

Magana

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An nuna Ayutthaya a cikin Taswirar Fra Mauro na duniya (kimanin 1450 AZ, tare da kudu a saman) a ƙarƙashin sunan "Scierno", wanda aka samo daga Farisa "Shahr-i Naw", ma'ana "Sabon Birni" [1]

Sunan Ayutthaya ya samo asali ne daga Sanskrit 安__rupt - Ayodhya kuma ya fito ne daga tarihin ƙasar Thai Ramakien; phra (daga Khmer: preah cas) shine prefix don suna game da mutum na sarauta, kuma nakhon (daga Pali: Nagara) yana nuna muhimmiyar ko babban birni.

Tarihi

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Halin sararin samaniya na Ayutthaya, wanda John Thomson ya ɗauka, farkon 1866
Taswirar Birni na Ayutthaya a cikin 1687

Kafin ranar da aka kafa Ayutthaya ta gargajiya, shaidar archaeological da rubuce-rubuce sun nuna cewa Ayutthay na iya kasancewa tun daga ƙarshen karni na 13 a matsayin garin tashar jiragen ruwa. : 44-5 Ana iya ganin ƙarin shaidar wannan tare da Wat Phanan Choeng, wanda aka kafa a 1324, shekaru 27 kafin kafuwar Ayutthaya.

An kafa Ayutthaya bisa hukuma a cikin 1351 [a] ta Sarki U Thong, wanda ya je can don gujewa barkewar cutar sankarau a Lopburi kuma ya ayyana ta a matsayin babban birnin masarautarsa, wanda galibi ake kira Masarautar Ayutthaya ko Siam. Ayutthaya ya zama babban birnin Siamese na biyu bayan Sukhothai. An kiyasta cewa Ayutthaya a shekara ta 1600 tana da yawan jama'a kusan 300,000, tare da kila yawan mutanen ya kai 1,000,000 a kusa da 1700, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama daya daga cikin manyan biranen duniya a wancan lokacin, [2] lokacin da ake kiranta da "Venice of the East".". [a]

A shekara ta 1767, sojojin Burma sun lalata birnin, wanda ya haifar da rushewar masarautar. An adana rushewar tsohuwar birni a cikin wurin shakatawa na tarihi na Ayutthaya, [2] wanda aka amince da shi a duniya a matsayin Gidan Tarihin Duniya na UNESCO. Rushewar, wanda ke dauke da prang (hasumiyoyi masu tsarki) da manyan gidajen ibada, suna ba da ra'ayi game da darajar birnin da ta gabata.[3] An sake kafa Ayutthaya ta zamani a 'yan kilomita zuwa gabas.

Yawan jama'a

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Tun daga shekara ta 2005, yawan mutanen Ayutthaya yana raguwa.[4]

Ranar kimantawa 31 Disamba 2005 31 Disamba 2010 31 Disamba 2015 31 Disamba 2019
Yawan jama'a 55,097 54,190 52,940 50,830

Birnin yana da kimanin kilomita 40 (64 a arewacin Bangkok.

Yanayi

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Ayutthaya, wanda ke cikin filayen tsakiya, yanayi uku ne suka shafi shi:

  • Lokacin zafi: Maris - Mayu
  • Lokacin ruwan sama: Yuni - Oktoba
  • Lokacin sanyi: Nuwamba - Fabrairu

Gidan yanar gizon Ayutthaya

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Shahararrun wuraren al'adu

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Sunan Hoton An gina shi Masu tallafawa Bayani
Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon 1357[5] Sarki Ramathibodi I [6] Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun temples a Ayutthaya
Wat Mahathat 1374 Sarki Borommaracha I
Wat Chai Watthanaram 1630 Sarki Prasat Thong Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun temples a Ayutthaya
Wat Phanan Choeng 1324
Wat Phra Si Sanphet 1350 Sarki Ramathibodi I
Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit c. 1637 (maido da c. 1742/20th karni, a lokuta da yawa) [7] Sarki Chairacha Sarki Borommakot [8]
 An mayar da shi sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a cikin karni na 18. An rage shi zuwa rushewa bayan faduwar Ayutthaya a cikin shekara ta 1767. An mayar da shi a karni na 20. [9]
Wat Na Phra Maza 1503[10] Sarki Ramathibodi na II Ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun haikalin da aka adana don tsira bayan Fall of Ayutthaya a cikin 1767. An mayar da shi a lokacin mulkin Rama III (r. 1824-51). [11]
Wat Ratchaburana 1424 Sarki Borommarachathirat na II
Wat Pradu Songtham A karkashin goyon bayan sarauta daga Sarki Songtham (r. 1611-28) har zuwa faduwar Ayutthaya a cikin 1767 [12] Sarki Uthumphon ya shiga aikin zuhudu a wannan haikalin bayan tilasta masa ya sauka a shekara ta 1758 [13]
Wat Lokaya Sutharam 1452 Sarki Intharacha
Wat Phra Ram 1369 Sarki Ramesuan
Wat Phutthaisawan Kafin 1350 Sarki Ramathibodi I An gina shi kafin a kafa Ayutthaya
Chedi Phukhao Thong c. 1569, 1587 (wanda aka sake ginawa a 1744) [14] Sarki (Prince a lokacin) Naresuan Borommakot [15]
 An gina shi don tunawa da nasarar yaƙi bayan 'yancin Ayutthaya daga Burma a cikin 1584 [16]
Wat Thammikarat Kafin 1350 Sarkin Lavo An gina shi kafin a kafa Ayutthaya
Wat Kudi Dao 1711 ko baya [17] Yarima, daga baya Sarki Borommakot [18] Misali mai kyau na ƙarni na 18 na Late Ayutthaya wat gine-gine. An mayar da shi a wani bangare.[19]

Gidajen tarihi

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  • Cibiyar Nazarin Tarihi ta Ayutthaya
  • Gidan kayan gargajiya na Chao Sam Phraya: Gidan kayan tarihi na musamman yana nuna abubuwan da aka tono a Wat Racha Burana da Wat Maha That.

Sauran wuraren yawon bude ido

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Cocin St. Joseph
  • Wang Luang
  • Wat Suwan Dararam
  • Cocin St. Joseph
  • Baan Holland

Birnin yana a wurin haɗuwar kogin Chao Phraya, Lopburi da Pa Sak, kuma a kan babbar hanyar jirgin ƙasa ta arewa maso kudu da ke haɗa Chiang Mai zuwa Bangkok. Tsohon birni yana kan tsibirin da aka kafa ta hanyar karkatar da Chao Phraya a gefen yamma da kudu, Pa Sak a gefen gabas da kuma tashar Klong Muang a gefen arewa.

Kimanin tsakiyar tsohuwar birni shine 14°20′N 100°34′E / 14.333°N 100.567°E / 14. 333; 100.567.

Kasuwar Dare ta Ayutthaya

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Kasuwar tana ba da damammakin sayayya, gami da abinci iri-iri, tufafi, da kayan aikin hannu. Baƙi za su iya jin daɗin jita-jita na gargajiya na Thai irin su pad Thai, shinkafa mai ɗanɗano mango, da miya mai yum, da kuma nau'ikan abinci na duniya. Kasuwar kuma ta shahara saboda ɗimbin kayan tarihi masu ban sha'awa, waɗanda suka haɗa da jakunkuna na hannu, kayan ado, da masaku. Yanayin yana da ɗorewa da kuzari, tare da ƴan wasan kida, kiɗa, da fitilu masu ban sha'awa suna ƙara yanayin shagali..[20]

Kasuwar Ayutthaya

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Akwai kasuwar da ba a san ta sosai ba a Ayutthaya da ake kira Klong Sabua wanda ya fi shahara tare da masu yawon bude ido na Thai fiye da matafiya na kasashen waje. Babban abin jan hankali shine gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ruwa, wanda aka ce shi ne kawai irin sa a Thailand, wanda ke nuna wasan kwaikwayo na raye-raye na tatsuniyoyin Thai da kiɗa na Sepaa.[21]

Sufuri

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Tashar jirgin kasa ta Ayutthaya

Iska

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Filin jirgin saman da ya fi kusa shi ne Filin jirgin sama na Don Mueang na Bangkok, cibiyar masu ɗaukar kasafin kuɗi na yanki. Wata hanya mai tsawo ta haɗa Terminal 1 zuwa tashar jirgin kasa ta Don Muang, inda jiragen kasa na Ayutthaya ke gudana akai-akai.[22]

Jirgin ƙasa

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Jiragen ƙasa zuwa Ayutthaya suna barin Tashar Hua Lamphong ta Bangkok kusan kowane awa tsakanin karfe 4:20 na safe. da kuma karfe 10:00 na yamma. Farashin aji na 3 shine baht 20 don tafiyar awa 1.5. Ana samun jadawalin jirgin ƙasa daga tashar bayanai a tashar Hua Lamphong, Bangkok . [23]

A cikin almara

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  • Wani gari mai taken Thailand mai suna "Ayothaya" ya bayyana a cikin kwamfuta na sirri MMORPG Ragnarok Online.
  • Ayutthaya mataki ne a cikin Soul Calibur II .
  • Haikali a Wat Phra Si Sanphet da Wat Ratchaburana daga Ayutthaya sun bayyana a cikin Street Fighter II, Kickboxer (a matsayin "Stone City"), Mortal Kombat, Mortal Kombet Annihilation, da kuma Mortal Kombate Conquest.
  • Siffar Buddha da ke kwance daga rushewar Ayutthaya ta bayyana a matakin Sagat a mafi yawan wasannin Street Fighter.[24]
  • An nuna shi a cikin fim din 2005 "The King Maker".
  • Halakar 1630 na kwata na Jafananci na Ayutthaya a umarnin Prasat Thong da sakamakonsa yana da mahimmanci ga ɗaya daga cikin labarun a cikin jerin labaran 1632 Ring of Fire III, "Duk yaran Allah a Gabas mai Ruwa" na Garrett W. Vance.
  • A cikin wasan Nintendo DS na 2010 Golden Sun: Dark Dawn, manyan haruffa sun ziyarci birnin 'Ayuthay', wanda ke da alaƙa da al'adun Thai da gine-gine.
  • Taswirar jigon Thailand mai suna "Ayutthaya" ya bayyana a cikin wasan bidiyo na Overwatch .
  • An nuna Ayutthaya a cikin wasan bidiyo na 2016 Civilization VI a matsayin birni mai ban sha'awa, yana haɓaka al'adun al'adu a cikin kowane wayewa da yake da alaƙa da shi a halin yanzu.

Hotuna

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  • Elephants
    Elephants
  • Elephant
    Elephant
  • Buddhist monk in Ayutthaya
    Buddhist monk in Ayutthaya
  • Wat Phra Si Sanphet
    Wat Phra Si Sanphet
  • Mahathat, Ayutthaya historical park
    Mahathat, Ayutthaya historical park
  • Floating market of Ayutthaya
    Floating market of Ayutthaya
  • Thammikarat temple
    Thammikarat temple
  • Ayutthaya city centre at night
    Ayutthaya city centre at night
  1. ↑ "Scierno: the Land of Smiles". The Nation. Archived from the original on 2006-10-19.
  2. ↑ "Ayutthaya Historical Park". Asia's World Publishing Limited. Archived from the original on 2011-10-05. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
  3. ↑ "Historic City of Ayutthaya". UNESCO. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
  4. ↑ "Thailand: Major Cities, Towns & Communes - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information".
  5. ↑ Vandenburg, Tricky. "Wat Yai Chaimongkhon". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  6. ↑ Vandenburg, Tricky. "Wat Yai Chaimongkhon". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  7. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky (July 2009). "Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  8. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky. "Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  9. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky. "Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  10. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky (September 2009). "Temples and Ruins - Wat Na Phra Men". History of Ayutthaya. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  11. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky (September 2009). "Temples and Ruins - Wat Na Phra Men". History of Ayutthaya. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  12. ↑ May, Ken (September 2009). "Temples and Ruins - Wat Pradu Songtham". History of Ayutthaya. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  13. ↑ May, Ken (September 2009). "Temples and Ruins - Wat Pradu Songtham". History of Ayutthaya. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  14. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky (July 2009). "Wat Phukhao Thong". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  15. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky (July 2009). "Wat Phukhao Thong". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  16. ↑ Vandenberg, Tricky (July 2009). "Wat Phukhao Thong". History of Ayutthaya - Temples and Ruins. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  17. ↑ May, Ken (September 2009). "History of Ayutthaya - Temples And Ruins". Wat Kudi Dao. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  18. ↑ May, Ken (September 2009). "History of Ayutthaya - Temples And Ruins". Wat Kudi Dao. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  19. ↑ May, Ken (September 2009). "History of Ayutthaya - Temples And Ruins". Wat Kudi Dao. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  20. ↑ Team, Travel tips | Budget travel, resources, inspiration and more. "Visit Ayutthaya – UNESCO World Heritage Site". Travel tips | Budget travel, resources, inspiration and more (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-02-27.
  21. ↑ Team, Travel tips | Budget travel, resources, inspiration and more. "Visit Ayutthaya – UNESCO World Heritage Site". Travel tips | Budget travel, resources, inspiration and more (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-02-27.
  22. ↑ "How to get to Ayutthaya".
  23. ↑ "History of Ayutthaya - Temples & Ruins - Introduction".
  24. ↑ "The Buddha Statue". Fightingstreet.com. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
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