Yanayin Yammacin Bengal
 Yanayin Yammacin Bengal | |
|---|---|
geography of geographic location (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
geography of India (en) |
| Fuskar | Bengal ta Yamma |
| Ƙasa | Indiya |
Yanayin Yammacin Bengal, jihar da ke gabashin Indiya, an bayyana shi da farko ta filayen da filayen, tare da tsaunuka masu tsawo na Himalayas a arewa da Bay of Bengal a kudu.
Yammacin Bengal yana kan gabashin Indiya, yana daga Himalayas a arewa zuwa Bay of Bengal a kudu. Yana kwance tsakanin digiri 85 minti 50 da digiri 89 minti 50 gabas longitude, da digiri 21 minti 25 da digiri 27 minti 13 arewa latitude.[1] Jihar tana da jimlar yanki na kilomita 88,752 (34,267 sq . [2] Tare da Bangladesh a kan iyakarta ta gabas, jihar ta samar da yankin kabilanci na Bengal. A arewa maso gabashinsa akwai jihohin Assam da Sikkim da ƙasar Bhutan. A kudu maso yammacinsa shine jihar Odisha . A yamma, tana da iyaka da jihohin Jharkhand da Bihar, kuma a arewa maso yamma, Nepal. Babban birnin jihar shine Kolkata, birni na uku mafi girma kuma Birni na bakwai mafi girma a Indiya.
Yanayin siyasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Akwai gundumomi 23 da ƙungiyoyi 5 a Yammacin Bengal. Yankin Burdwan ya kunshi Paschim Bardhaman, Purba Bardhaman (Burba Bardhman), Birbhum, da Hooghly; Yankin Medinipur ya kunshi Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur (Jhargram, Bankura da Purulia); Jalpaiguri_Division" id="mwUg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jalpaiguri Division">Yankin Jalpaiguri ya kunshi Alipurduar, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling, Jalpaigur, da Kalimpong; Yankin Malda ya kunshi Uttar Dinajpur, Dakgan, Dinajpurpur, Murshidabad da Malda, da Malda da Maldada, kuma Yankin Arewacin Kasashen Kanada, kuma Yankar, 24 na Kasashen Arewa sun Nadia da Kasashen Arewa. Sabbin gundumomi 7 da aka kara sune Ranaghat, Jangipur, Berhampur, Bishnupur, Sundarban, Icchemati da Bashirhat.
Kowace gundumar tana ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai karɓar gundumar ko majistare na gundumar, wanda Ma'aikatar Gudanarwa ta Indiya ko Ma'autar Jama'a ta Yammacin Bengal ta nada. Kowace gundumar an raba ta zuwa ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, wanda majistare na yanki ke jagoranta, kuma a cikin Blocks. Blocks ya kunshi panchayats (ƙauyuka) da kuma kananan hukumomin gari.[1] Sau da yawa, gundumomin arewacin Ganges (watau, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling, kalimpong, Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar, Arewacin Dinajpur, Kudancin Dinajpur, da Malda) ana kiransu Arewacin Bengal.
Babban birnin jihar shine Kolkata - birni na uku mafi girma [3] kuma Birni na bakwai mafi girma [4] a Indiya. Asansol ita ce birni na biyu mafi girma da birane a Yammacin Bengal bayan Kolkata . [3] Siliguri birni ne mai muhimmanci ga tattalin arziki, wanda ke da mahimmanci a arewa maso gabashin Siliguri Corridor (Chicken's Neck) na Indiya. Sauran manyan birane da garuruwa a Yammacin Bengal sune Howrah, Durgapur, Raniganj, Haldia, Jalpaiguri, Kharagpur, Burdwan, Darjeeling, Midnapore, da Malda.[4]
Yanayin ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yankin tsaunuka na Darjeeling Himalayan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yankin tsaunukan Darjeeling Himalayan yana arewacin jihar. Wannan yankin yana cikin yankin Gabashin Himalaya. Dukan Gundumar Darjeeling (sai dai yankin Siliguri da sassan arewacin gundumomin Jalpaiguri da Alipurduar) sun fada ƙarƙashin wannan yanki, wanda ya fara kwatsam daga Yankin Terai. Rashin zurfin Kogin Teesta, wanda ke gudana daga arewa zuwa kudu ya raba wannan yankin dutse zuwa sassa biyu: tsaunuka na yamma (yammacin Teesta) da tsaunuka masu gabas (gabas na Teesta).
Duwatsun Yamma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Duwatsun yamma sune mafi girman bangare na Darjeeling Himalayan range, tare da matsakaicin tsawo na 2,200 metres (7,200 ft) m (7,200 . Sun bazu daga iyakar Nepal zuwa kogin Teesta, kuma da farko sun kunshi tsaunuka biyu: Singalila Range da Darjeeling range. Yankin Singalila yana kan iyakar gundumar Darjeeling da Nepal. Ya raba West Bengal daga Nepal. Singalila ta fara ne daga Yammacin Sikkim kuma ta shiga cikin gundumar Darjeeling. Yana da manyan tsaunuka huɗu sama da 3,000 m: Sandakphu (3,636 m), Phalut (3,595 m), Sabargram (3,543 m), da Tonglu (3,036 m). Daga cikin tsaunukan Himalayan na wannan yankin, Singalila Range ya karbi bakuncin Sandakphu (3,636 m), mafi girman tudu a Yammacin Bengal.[5] Kanchenjunga (mafi girman tsauni na 3 a duniya), Everest (mafi girma a duniya), Lhotse (mafi tsauni na 4 a duniya), da Makalu (mafi tsayi na 5 a duniya) ana iya gani daga Singalila Range.
Yankin Darjeeling yana tashi a hankali daga yankin Terai. Da yake a cikin wannan kewayon, tashar jirgin kasa ta Ghum (2,258 m) ita ce tashar jirgin ƙasa mafi girma a Indiya. Shahararren Tiger Hill (2,567 m) yana tsakiyar wannan jerin dutse kuma ra'ayi ne daga inda za'a iya ganin wasu tsaunuka mafi tsawo a duniya, gami da Kanchenjunga, Everest, Lhotse, da Makalu. Ƙananan sarkar tsaunuka guda uku sun fara daga Tiger Hill: Darjeeling Lebong a arewa, Takdah Peshok a arewa maso gabas, da Bagora Dowhill a kudu. Sinchal (2,615 m) yana daya daga cikin sanannun tsaunuka a nan.
Duwatsun Gabas
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yankin gabas na tsaunukan Darjeeling Himalayan sun fi na yamma, tare da matsakaicin tsawo na 1,900 metres (6,200 ft) m (6,200 . Durpin Dara da Chola manyan tsaunuka ne guda biyu na wannan bangare.
Durpin Dara sarkar tana riƙe da mafi girman tudu na gabashin: Rishila, a mita 3,121 (10,240 . Akwai tsaunuka biyu, Renigango (1,885 m) da Chhoto Sinchula (1726m) zuwa arewacin gundumar Jalpaiguri. Dutsen Buxa yana a ƙarshen gabas na wannan yankin. Sangchuli shine mafi girman tsaunin tsaunuka na Buxa. Garin Kalimpong yana daya daga cikin sanannun garuruwan wannan yanki.
Jirgin kasa na Darjeeling Himalayan (wanda aka fi sani da "jirgin kayan wasa") an jera shi a cikin wuraren tarihi na duniya na UNESCO.[6]
Yankin Terai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kogin Teesta ya raba yankin zuwa kashi biyu: Terai zuwa yamma da Dooars (ko Duars) zuwa gabas. Za'a iya raba yankin Dooars zuwa Siliguri (Yamma) Dooars, Jalpaiguri (Middle) Dooars), da Alipur (Eastern) Dooars.
Terai ("ƙasa mai laushi") bel ne na wuraren ciyawa, savannah, da gandun daji a gindin yankin Himalaya wanda ke shimfiɗa zuwa kudu kusan kilomita 38. Sama da belin Terai akwai Bhabar, belin gandun daji na dutse, dutse, da ƙasa da aka rushe daga Himalayas. Yankin Terai ya ƙunshi nau'ikan yumɓu da yashi, tare da teburin ruwa mai tsawo wanda ke haifar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa da wuraren da ke da ruwa da yawa. Yankin Terai yana cike da ruwa a kowace shekara ta koguna masu ruwan sama na Himalayas. Terai-Duar savanna da ciyawa yanki ne wanda ya shimfiɗa a tsakiyar belin Terai, wanda ya ƙunshi tsaunuka masu tsawo, savannah, gandun daji masu tsayi, da gandun daji.
Yankin Terai da Dooars a siyasance sun zama filayen Gundumar Darjeeling, duk gundumar Jalpaiguri da Alipurduar, da kuma yankin Cooch Behar a Yammacin Bengal. Yankin ƙasar yana da taushi, daga arewa zuwa kudu. Gabaɗaya tsawo na ƙasar yana da 80-100 m. Dukan yankin ya ƙunshi yashi, dutse, da duwatsu da kogunan Himalayan suka shimfiɗa ciki har da Teesta, Torsa, Raidak, Jaldhaka, Sankosh, da Mahananda.
Filayen Arewacin Bengal
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Filayen Arewacin Bengal sun fara ne daga kudancin yankin Terai kuma sun ci gaba har zuwa gefen hagu na Ganges. Yankunan kudancin gundumar Jalpaiguri, Arewacin Dinajpur da ke hana wasu yankuna masu tsananin arewa, Kudancin Dinajppur, Malda, Alipurduar da kudancin gundumomin Cooch Behar sun zama wannan yankin. Ƙananan ƙasa a cikin Gundumar Arewacin Dinajpur an san shi da Mahananda Corridor . Wannan hanyar tana gudana daga arewa zuwa kudu ta haɗu da Malda tare da filayen Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar da Cooch Behar. Dukan yankin Arewa da Kudancin Dinajpur fili ne mai cike da laka.
Kogin Mahananda ya raba gundumar Malda zuwa kashi biyu. Yankin gabas (wanda aka sani da Barind ko Barendrabhumi) ya ƙunshi filayen da ke da tuddai, kuma ya ƙunshi tsohuwar alluvium kuma yana cikin Ganges Delta. Sabanin haka, ɓangaren yamma ya ƙunshi sabon alluvium, kuma a nan Kogin Kalindi ya haɗu da Kogin Mahananda. Yankin arewacin Kogin Kalindi ƙasa ce da ke cike da maras kyau da beels (ƙananan ruwa) kuma an san shi da tal. Sabanin haka, yankin kudancin Kalindi ƙasa ce mai ni'ima sosai kuma an san ta da diara.
Filayen kudancin Jalpaiguri, Alipurduar, da Gundumar Cooch Behar an kuma yi su ne da sabon alluvium da koguna da yawa suka ajiye ciki har da Teesta, Torsa, Raidak, Jaldhaka, Sankosh, Balason, Punarbhaba, da Atrai . [1]
Yankin Rarh
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Rarh shi ne yankin da ke tsakanin Vajjabhumi da Ganges Delta . Wannan yankin ya ƙunshi ɓangarorin gundumomin Murshidabad, Birbhum, Bankura, Purba Bardhaman, Paschim Bardhaman Purba Medinipur, da Paschim Medinipur. Yankin yana da kimanin 50-100 m sama da matakin teku, kuma an yi imanin cewa ya ƙunshi ƙasa daga Filin Deccan. Yankin ya samo asali ne daga yashi da aka kawo daga kogin Bhagirathi, Mayurakshi River, Ajay River, Damodar, da Rupnarayan, waɗanda ke gudana ta cikin ja laterite ƙasa na yankin yammacin. Ƙasar tana gangara daga yamma zuwa kudu maso gabas, kuma samar da raƙuman ruwa na halitta a gefen kogin abu ne na yau da kullun.
Filin bakin teku
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Wani karamin yanki na bakin teku yana kan iyakar kudancin jihar. Wani ɓangare na gundumar Purba Medinipur tare da Bay of Bengal ya zama filin bakin teku. Wannan fili na bakin teku ya ƙunshi yashi da laka da koguna da iska suka ajiye. A gefen bakin tekun akwai wuraren yashi da marsh. Dutsen Digha ya fi kusa da Bay of Bengal, yayin da dutsen da ke kusa da shi. A wasu yankuna, dunes suna faruwa a nesa da kilomita 15-16 daga bakin tekun kuma suna da 11-12 m tsawo.[2]
Yammacin tsaunuka da tsaunuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yankin yammacin Puulia, Bankura, Birbhum, Bardhaman, da Paschim Medinipur gundumomin sun ƙunshi filayen yamma da tsaunukan tsaunuka, waɗanda suka zama gefuna na gabas na Chota Nagpur Plateau. A fannin ilimin kasa, wannan yanki an yi shi ne da duwatsu masu banƙyama na zamanin Archaean da kuma duwatsu masu ɗauke da kwal da duwatsun quartzite na lokacin Carboniferous. Saboda dadewa da kuma ci gaba da zaizayar kasa, an rikidewa yankin gaba daya zuwa wani tsauni mara nauyi. Wannan yanki yana tare da ƙananan monadnocks da aka sani da tila. Wasu daga cikin muhimman tsaunuka a yankin sun hada da Ajodhya Hills (677 m), Panchet (643 m), da Baghmundi a cikin Puulia, da Biharinath (452 m) da Susunia (442 m) a Bankura. Gorgaburu a cikin tudun Ayodhya (677 m) ita ce mafi girma a yankin.
Matsakaicin tsawo a yankin ya kasance daga 100 zuwa 500 m. Yankin yana da gangara daga yamma zuwa gabas.
Akwai wasu wuraren da ba su da kyau a wannan yankin. Sinhati Badlands suna da nisan kilomita 4 a arewa maso yammacin garin Bishnupur a yankin Sinhati na gundumar Bankura . Gangani (ko Garbheta) Badlands suna cikin gundumar Paschim Midinipur kusa da kogin Shilabati . Wadannan wuraren da ba su da kyau kuma an san su da Grand Canyon na West Bengal . [7]
Ganges Delta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ganges Delta ya rufe dukkan gundumomin Nadia, Kolkata, Arewa 24 Parganas, da Kudu 24 Parganes, da gabashin rabin Gundumar Murshidabad. Ganges ya ratsa wannan babban yanki kuma ya kasu kashi uku daban-daban: tsohuwar delta, tsufa delta, da kuma delta mai aiki.
Tsohon delta ya kunshi gundumomin Murshidabad da Nadia . Samun delta ya cika kuma koguna a nan suna da yawa kuma da yawa sun bushe a tsawon lokaci. Koguna masu laushi, maras kyau, beels, da tabkuna na oxbow sun samar da yankin. Wannan yanki kuma an san shi da yankin Bagri .
Gundumomin Kolkata da Arewacin 24 Parganas sun samar da yankin delta mai girma. Koguna suna da jinkiri kuma suna juyawa kuma suna sauya hanyoyin su akai-akai. Swamps, beels, da tabkuna oxbow suna nuna yanayin. Gundumar Kudancin 24 Parganas an san ta da kasancewa delta mai aiki na Ganges, inda kafa delta har yanzu yana ci gaba.
Ƙungiyoyin yanayin gona
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Dangane da bambancin ƙasa da yanayi, ana iya raba West Bengal zuwa kashi shida masu yawa:
- Yankin tsaunuka a arewa
- Yankin Terai da Teesta na Arewacin Bengal
- Yankin laterectic, ja da kuma mummunan yaduwa a yamma
- Yankin bakin teku a kudu
- Yankin Gangetic alluvial a gabas
- Yankin Vindhya a tsakiya
Koguna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ganges sun shiga West Bengal kusa da Rajmahal sannan kuma suna gudana ta hanyar kudu maso gabas. Ya rabu biyu kusa da arewacin Dhulian a gundumar Murshidabad.[1] Ɗaya daga cikin reshe ya shiga Bangladesh a matsayin Padma (ko Pôdda), yayin da ɗayan yana gudana ta Yammacin Bengal a matsayin kogin Bhagirathi da Hooghly a kudancin kudancin. Bhagirathi-Hooghly babban kogin ne a yammacin Bengal, kuma yana bi ta wasu muhimman birane kamar Murshidabad, Baharampur, Nabadwip, Chinsurah, Chandannagar, Srirampur, Howrah, Kolkata, Diamond Harbour, da Haldia. Ya shiga cikin Bay na Bengal kusa da tsibirin Sagar a gundumar Parganas ta Kudu 24.[1]
Koguna da yawa suna gudana zuwa gabas ta West Bengal kuma suna shiga Bhagirathi a bakin dama. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Kogin Mayurakshi - wanda Brahmani, Dwarka, Bakreshwar, da Kopai ke ciyarwa - ya haɗu da Bhagirathi kusa da Kandi, Murshidabad .
- Kogin Ajay, wanda ke tasowa a cikin tsaunuka na Bihar kuma Kunur ya haɗu da shi, yana gudana a gefen tudu, yana nuna iyaka tsakanin gundumomin Bardhaman da Birbhum kuma yana shiga Bhagirathi kusa da Katwa.
- Kogin Damodar ya haɗu da Bhagirathi kusa da Uluberia . An kuma san kogin da "ladriyar Bengal", kuma Damodar Valley Project ne ke sarrafa shi.
- Kogin Dwarakeswar da Shilabati sun haɗu don samar da Kogin Rupnarayan . Kogin Kangsabati da Keleghai sun haɗu don samar da Kogin Haldi . Rupnarayan da Haldi sun shiga Bhagirathi a gundumar East Midnapur.
- Kogin Subarnarekha, bayan ya gudana na ɗan gajeren lokaci a Yammacin Bengal, ya sake shiga cikin Orissa .[1]
Hakazalika, koguna da yawa suna gudana zuwa yamma zuwa West Bengal kuma suna shiga Bhagirathi a gefen hagu. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Kogin Bhairab da Kogin Jalangi, waɗanda suka haɗu tare (wanda aka sani da Jalangi) kafin su shiga Bhagirathi.
- Kogin Mathabhanga, wanda ya kasu kashi biyu: Churni da Ichhamati . Churni ya haɗu da Bhagirathi, yayin da Ichhamati ke gudana zuwa kudu kuma ya shiga Kogin Kalindi.
Wadannan koguna suna dauke da ruwa mai yawa, suna kiyaye Kogin Bhagirathi da ruwa a duk shekara. Koguna kuma suna ɗauke da yashi da yashi wanda ya rushe daga tsaunuka na yamma kuma ya ajiye su a cikin Bhagirathi. Wannan yaduwar tana haifar da matsala ga Tashar jiragen ruwa ta Kolkata kuma sau da yawa tana haifar da ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin shekaru masu ruwan sama.
Yankin Maza-linkid="415" href="./Sunderbans" id="mwAeg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Sunderbans">Sunderbans yana rufe da koguna da koguna masu yawa, galibi masu rarraba manyan koguna.[3] Koguna suna da alaƙa da juna kuma ana ciyar da su ta hanyar ruwa. Manyan koguna na yankin sune Hooghly, Matla, Gosaba, Saptamukhi, Haribhanga, Piyali, Thakuran (ko Jamira), Raimangal, Kalindi, da Ichhamati .[4]
Kogin Teesta ya yanke zurfin gorges daga arewa zuwa kudu a cikin gundumar Darjeeling mai tsaunuka. Daga nan sai ya shiga filayen a Sevoke kuma ya gudana a cikin wani babban rafi a cikin layi madaidaiciya zuwa kudu maso gabas, har sai ya zubo cikin Kogin Brahmaputra a Bangladesh .
Kogin Torsa, Jaldhaka, Kaljani, Raidak, Sankosh, da Mahananda sun samo asali ne daga yankin tsaunuka na arewa wanda ke tasowa a cikin Himalayas kuma suna gudana ta hanyar kudu ta cikin gundumomin Darjeeling, Alipurduar, Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar da Arewa da Kudancin Dinajpur, kafin shiga Bangladesh. Kamar yadda akasarin kogunan dusar ƙanƙara ke ciyar da su, suna da yawa a yanayi kuma galibi suna ambaliya a lokacin damina. Gaba dayan yankin na kunshe da yashi, tsakuwa, da tsakuwa da wadannan koguna suka shimfida. Mahananda ya taso ne daga dajin Dow Hills, kusa da garin Darjeeling, kuma yana tafiya a hanyar zigzag ta gundumar Malda kuma ya shiga Padma a Bangladesh. A cikin tsakiyar yankin, babban kogin shine Mahananda. [bayani da ake bukata] Kogin Tangon, Punarbhabha, da Atrai sun taso a cikin filayen; Tsohuwar biyu suna haɗuwa kuma suna kwarara cikin Mahanadi, yayin da Atrai ke gudana a cikin Padma
Sundarbans delta shine dajin mangrove mafi girma a duniya, yana cikin gundumar Parganas ta Kudu 24. Ya ta'allaka ne a bakin Ganges kuma ya bazu ko'ina cikin yankunan Bangladesh da West Bengal. Bangaren Bangladeshi da Indiyawa na gandun daji duka wuraren tarihi ne na UNESCO, waɗanda aka jera daban-daban a matsayin Sundarbans da Sundarbans National Park bi da bi, kodayake sassan daji ɗaya ne [3]. Sundarbans suna haɗuwa ta hanyar hadaddun hanyar sadarwa na magudanar ruwa, laka, da ƙananan tsibiran gandun daji na mangrove masu jure gishiri, kuma suna ba da misali mai kyau na ci gaba da tafiyar da yanayin muhalli.[4]
Matsakaicin tsawo na yankin shine 10 m. Wannan yanki an kirkireshi ne ta hanyar zubar da yashi Maza koguna da yawa - Hooghly, Matla, Jamira, Gosaba, Saptamukhi, da Haribhanga - da kuma masu goyon bayansu. Samun delta tsari ne mai gudana, kuma ana kirkirar sabbin sanduna da tsibirai tare da koguna da bakin kogin. Babban kashi na yankin yana ƙarƙashin ruwa a lokacin hawan ruwa.
The area is known for its wide range of fauna. The most famous among these is the royal Bengal tiger, but numerous species of birds, spotted deer, crocodiles, and snakes also inhabit it. It is estimated that there are now 400 Bengal tigers and about 30,000 spotted deer in the area [5].[ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)">citation needed</span>]
Yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yanayin Yammacin Bengal ya bambanta daga savannah na wurare masu zafi a yankunan kudanci zuwa ruwan zafi mai zafi a arewa. Babban lokutan shine bazara, lokacin ruwan sama, ɗan gajeren kaka, da hunturu. Duk da yake lokacin rani a yankin delta an lura da shi don yawan danshi, tsaunuka na yamma suna fuskantar lokacin rani mai bushe kamar arewacin Indiya, tare da yanayin zafi na yau da kullun daga 38 °C (100 °F) ° C (100 ° F) zuwa 45 °C (113 °F) ° C (113 ° F). [8] Da daddare, iska mai sanyi daga kudu tana ɗauke da danshi daga Bay of Bengal.
A farkon lokacin rani, gajeren guguwa da tsawa da aka sani da kal-baisakhi sau da yawa suna zuwa daga arewa ko arewa maso yamma.[9] Monsoons suna kawo ruwan sama a duk jihar daga Yuni zuwa Satumba. Yammacin Bengal yana karɓar reshen Bay of Bengal na ruwan sama na Tekun Indiya wanda ke motsawa a arewa maso yamma. Winter (Disamba-Janairu) yana da sauƙi a kan filayen tare da matsakaicin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun na 15 °C (59 °F) ° C (59 ° F). [8] Iska mai sanyi da bushewa ta arewa tana hurawa a cikin hunturu, yana rage matakin zafi sosai. Koyaya, yankin Darjeeling Himalayan Hill yana fuskantar matsanancin hunturu, tare da dusar ƙanƙara a wasu wurare.
Albarkatun halitta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yammacin Bengal yana da matsayi na uku a Indiya dangane da samar da ma'adinai ta jihar, yana ba da gudummawa kusan kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na jimlar samar da ma-adinai na ƙasar.
Coal shine kashi 99% na ma'adanai da aka hako a West Bengal. West Bengal ita ce jiha ta uku mafi girma don samar da kwal, wanda ya kai kusan rabin jimillar Indiya.[1] Ana hako kwal daga kimanin ma'adanai 228 a yankin Raniganj da Asansol na gundumar Bardhaman.[1] Ana hako gawayin bituminous mai girma a Raniganj, Dishergarh, Santaldih, Kulti, Barakar, Ghushik, da Kajora. Filayen kwal sun shimfiɗa a kan wani yanki na kusan murabba'in kilomita 1,550 (598 sq mi). Filin kwal na Raniganj yana tallafawa bel ɗin masana'antu na Asansol-Durgapur ta hanyar samar da mai ga masana'antu da kuma samar da wutar lantarki. Ana amfani da Lignite hakar ma'adinai a Darjeeling don yin briquettes. Hakanan ana samun ma'adinan kwal a gefen kogin Ajoy a gundumar Birbhum.[10]
Ana kuma hakar yumɓu da yumɓu na china. Yammacin Bengal yana kusa da Bihar da Madhya Pradesh a cikin samar da yumɓu. Yawancin wannan ma'adinai ana cire su a yankin Raniganj, tare da karamin adadi da aka cire daga Birbhum da Purulia. A cikin 1993-94, an samar da tan 124,000 na yumɓu a Yammacin Bengal.[10] Yumbu na kasar Sin - wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin tukwane, takarda, masana'antu, roba, da fenti - an tono shi a Mohammad Bazar a Birbhum da Mejia a Bankura. Sauran samarwar sun fito ne daga Purulia, Bardhaman, Darjeeling, da Jalpaiguri.
Limestone, jan ƙarfe, ƙarfe, wolframite, Manganese, da dolomite suma ana haƙa su da ƙananan yawa. Limestone - wanda ake amfani dashi a masana'antar siminti - ana hakar shi a Bankura, Purulia, Darjeeling, da Jalpaiguri.[10] Akwai ma'adinan jan ƙarfe a Jalpaiguri da Darjeeling. Ana samun ƙananan ƙarfe a Bardhaman, Purulia, Birbhum, da Darjeeling.[10] Akwai manganese a yankin Jhargram na Paschim Medinipur, Purulia, da Bardhaman. Ana hakar Wolframite a Jhilimili a Bankura . [10] Samar da dolomite na jihar ya fito ne daga yankin Dooars na Jalpaiguri . An tara tan dubu 38.5 na dolomite a cikin 1993-94. [10]
Akwai yiwuwar ajiyar man fetur da iskar gas a yankunan da ke kusa da Bay of Bengal, a Purba Medinipur, Sundarbans, Kudancin 24 Parganas, da filayen Arewacin Bengal. Ana ci gaba da bincike a wurare daban-daban don gano iskar gas.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Groundwater Arsenic Contamination Status in West Bengal". Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal – India (17 Years Study). School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University. Archived from the original on 28 December 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2006. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "arsenicwb" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Statistical Facts about India". indianmirror.com. Retrieved 26 October 2006.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Urban agglomerations/cities having population 1 million and above" (PDF). Provisional population totals, census of India 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, census 2011" (PDF). Provisional population totals, census of India 2011. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
- ↑ "Attractions of Sandakphu". Archived from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
- ↑ "Darjeeling Himalayan Railway". Retrieved 8 March 2021.
- ↑ Mandal, Rahul; Chakrabarty, Premangshu (2021-06-01). "Badlands of Gangani in West Bengal, India: An assessment on account of geotourism development". International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks. Exploration of Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism (in Turanci). 9 (2): 147–156. doi:10.1016/j.ijgeop.2021.02.001. ISSN 2577-4441. S2CID 233918897 Check
|s2cid=value (help). - ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Climate". West Bengal: Land. Suni System (P) Ltd. Retrieved 5 September 2006. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "webindia" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "kal Baisakhi". Glossary of Meteorology. American Meteorological Society. Archived from the original on 30 August 2006. Retrieved 5 September 2006.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Cite error: Invalid
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