Yanayin Yammacin Sahara

Yanayin Yammacin Sahara

Yankin hamada na Maroko da Yammacin Sahara, 2014. Arewa shine zuwa kusurwar dama ta sama na hoto. Lura layin madaidaiciya da iska mai karfi ta arewa ta samar wanda ke hurawa a layi daya da bakin teku, yana samar da iska mai yashi da yashi. Har ila yau, lura da hanyar sufuri na hanyoyi, layin dogo da tsarin belin jigilar kaya (layin tsaye a hagu) wanda ke jigilar phosphate kilomita 100 (62 daga ma'adanai na ciki zuwa gabar teku. Iska mai karfi ta arewa tana hura ƙura da phosphate cikin hamada, yana ba da gefen da ke kan wannan layin a gefen kudu.

Yammacin Sahara yanki ne a Arewacin Afirka, iyaka da Tekun Atlantika, Morocco da kyau, Aljeriya (Yankin Tindouf), da Mauritania . Yanayin ƙasa: 24°30′N 13°00′W / 24.500°N 13.000°W / 24. 500; -13.00024°30′N 13°00′W

Girman Yammacin Sahara

Girman Yammacin Sahara, yankin da ke Arewacin Afirka, wani muhimmin bangare ne na yanayin siyasa da muhalli. Girman yankin yana tasiri ga rarraba albarkatun sa, muhimmancin dabarun, da kuma rikice-rikicen da ke gudana game da ikon mallakarta. Yammacin Sahara wani muhimmin yanki ne na karatu saboda tarihinsa mai rikitarwa da rawar da yake takawa a cikin yanki da kuma siyasar duniya.

Yankin

Yammacin Sahara ya ƙunshi kusan murabba'in kilomita 266,000 (102,703 murabba'i mil), wanda ya sanya shi cikin manyan yankuna na Afirka. Wannan ma'auni yana ba da hangen nesa mai zurfi akan sikelin ƙasar, yana nuna girman girmansa ga wasu ƙasashe da yankuna. Misali, Yammacin Sahara ya ɗan fi girma fiye da Ƙasar Ingila amma karami fiye da wasu manyan ƙasashen Afirka, kamar Aljeriya da Sudan. Girman Yammacin Sahara ba kawai gaskiyar lambobi ba ce; yana da alaƙa da yanayin ƙasa da kuma abubuwan da yake da su ga masu ruwa da tsaki daban-daban. Yanayin busasshiyar yanayi da wuraren hamada masu yawa sun bayyana yawancin shimfidar wuri, suna rinjayar salon rayuwar mazaunanta da hanyoyin da 'yan wasan gida da na duniya suka dauka wajen magance matsayin yankin da ci gaba.

Har ila yau, yankin yana shafar la'akari da kayan aiki, kamar sarrafa albarkatun kasa da aiwatar da ayyukan samar da ababen more rayuwa.  Girman sa yana ba da ƙalubale da dama don binciken albarkatu, sarrafa muhalli, da gudanar da yanki.  Duk da girmansa, yawancin Yammacin Sahara ba su da yawa, tare da yawancin mazaunanta suna zaune a wasu yankuna kaɗan.  Wannan rashin daidaituwar rabon al'umma dangane da yankin na taka muhimmiyar rawa a harkokin siyasa da jin kai da yankin ke fuskanta.

Yanayin

Yanayin Yammacin Sahara yana da mahimmanci wajen fahimtar muhimmancinsa. Tana cikin kusurwar arewa maso yammacin Afirka, tana da iyaka da Morocco a arewa da gabas, Aljeriya a arewa maso gabas, Mauritania a kudu maso gabas. Wannan matsayi na dabarun ya sanya shi a tsakiya na hanyoyi da yawa na musayar tarihi da al'adu, waɗanda suka rinjayi ci gabanta da kuma fadada yanayin yanki.

Yankin Yammacin Sahara ya mamaye yankin hamada, tare da siffofi kamar dunes na yashi, dutsen dutse, da tsire-tsire masu yawa. Yankunan bakin teku tare da Tekun Atlantika suna ba da bambanci ga hamada ta ciki, suna ba da yanayi mai matsakaici kuma suna tallafawa iyakantaccen amma mahimman yanayin ruwa da na bakin teku. Rashin ruwa da rashin albarkatun ruwa sun tsara tsarin zama da ayyukan tattalin arziki a cikin yankin. Hanyoyin kasuwanci na tarihi da hanyoyin ƙaura da ke ratsa Yammacin Sahara shaida ce ga muhimmancin tarihi wajen haɗa sassa daban-daban na Afirka da bayan.

Bugu da ƙari, yanayin hamada yana haifar da ƙalubale na musamman don ci gaban ababen more rayuwa da kuma kula da albarkatu. Abubuwan da ke cikin yankin, gami da ajiyar phosphate da kuma yiwuwar ajiyar mai na waje, suna ƙara wani nau'i mai rikitarwa ga abubuwan da ke tattare da girmansa da yanayin ƙasa.

Ƙasar

Yankin

Yankin yafi ƙanƙanta, hamada mai laushi tare da manyan wuraren dutse ko yashi da ke tashi zuwa ƙananan duwatsu a kudu da arewa maso gabas.

Matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci: Sebjet Tah, -55 mita (−180 , wani ɓacin rai a arewa maso yammacin yankin Yammacin Sahara da ke kan iyakar Morocco

Matsayi mafi girma: Ba a san sunansa ba, mita 701 (2,300 , gabashin Awsard (Aousserd)

Albarkatun halitta

Phosphates, ma'adinin ƙarfe, da albarkatun kamun kifi a bakin Tekun Atlantika

Amfani da ƙasa

• Amfanin gona na dindindin: 0%
• Sauran: 99.98% (2005)

Haɗarin Halitta

Rashin zafi, bushe, ƙura / yashi mai cike da iska na iya faruwa a lokacin hunturu da bazara; hawan Harmattan da ke yaduwa yana da kashi 60% na lokaci, sau da yawa yana hana ganuwa sosai. Ambaliyar ruwa tana faruwa a lokacin watanni na bazara.

Muhalli

Yammacin Sahara yana da yanayin hamada mai zafi (Köppen weather classification BWh).  Matsakaicin ruwan sama na shekara yana ƙasa da milimita 50 (2.0 in) a ko'ina.  A gefen Tekun Atlantika, matsakaita yanayin zafi, babba da ƙasa, ba su dawwama kuma ana daidaita su sosai a duk shekara saboda sanyin raƙuman ruwa na teku yana da sanyi sosai daga yanayin, musamman a rana.  Duk da haka, lokacin bazara yana da tsawo kuma yana da zafi sosai kuma lokacin hunturu yana da gajere kuma yana da zafi sosai don ƙarin zafi sosai a cikin ciki, inda ba a sake jin tasirin ruwan sanyi ba.  Matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya wuce 40 °C (104 °F) a lokacin rani na tsawon lokaci mai tsawo amma yana iya kaiwa sama da 50 °C (122 °F) ko ma fiye a wurare kamar Smara, Tichla, Bir Gandus, Bir Anzarane, Aghouinite, Aousserd da sauransu.  Matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya wuce 20 °C (68 °F) a cikin hunturu amma matsakaicin ƙananan zafin jiki na iya raguwa zuwa 7 °C (45 °F) a wasu wurare.  Sama yakan kasance a sarari da haske a duk shekara kuma yanayin rana shine al'ada.

Batutuwan yanzu

Rashin ruwa da rashin ƙasa mai noma.

Abubuwa masu tsanani

Wannan jerin manyan wurare ne na Yammacin Sahara, wuraren da ke arewa, kudu, gabas ko yamma fiye da kowane wuri.

• Yankin arewacin - iyaka da Morocco *
• Abubuwan da suka fi gabashin - ɓangaren arewacin iyaka da Mauritania / Aljeriya**
• Yankin kudu - kudancin Ras Nouadhibou (Cabo Blanco / Cap Blanc)
• Yammacin Yamma - Cape Dubouchage a kan Ras Nouadhibou Lura: Yammacin Sahara ba shi da iyakar arewacin arewa, iyakar da aka kafa ta hanyar da'irar latitude Lura: Western Sahara ba shi na iyakar gabas, iyakar ta kafa ta hanyar meridian
  • Lura: Yammacin Sahara ba shi da iyakar arewa, iyakar ta kasance ta hanyar da'irar latitude
  • Lura: Yammacin Sahara ba shi da maɓallin gabas, iyakar ta kasance ta hanyar meridian