Yanayin duniya
Cosmopolitan localism ko Cosmolocalism [1] wata sabuwar hanyar zamantakewa ce ga ci gaban al'umma wacce ke neman haɗa al'ummomin gida da na duniya ta hanyar kayan aikin da ke kawo samarwa da amfani kusa da juna, gina kan tsarin rarraba. Wolfgang Sachs, masanin ilimin muhalli, ci gaba, da duniya ne ya fara da manufar Yanayin duniya. An san Sachs a matsayin daya daga cikin mabiyan Ivan Illich da yawa kuma aikinsa ya rinjayi ƙungiyoyin kore da na muhalli. Sauran fitattun malaman cosmolocalism sune Ezio Manzini, Vasilis Kostakis da Michel Bauwens . Sabanin glocalisation, cosmolocalism yana motsawa daga yanki zuwa duniya, yana amincewa da yankin a matsayin wurin zama na zamantakewar jama'a da kuma jaddada yiwuwar sadarwar duniya fiye da ka'idojin kasuwar jari-hujja.
Kasuwancin Cosmopolitan Yanayi inganta cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya ta al'ummomin da ke tallafawa juna (makwabta, ƙauyuka, garuruwa, birane da yankuna) waɗanda ke raba da musayar ilimi, ra'ayoyi, ƙwarewa, fasaha, al'adu da (inda ke da zamantakewa da muhalli). Hanyar tana neman inganta kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin gida da duniya. Cosmopolitan localism yana da niyyar magance matsalolin da ke fitowa daga duniya - wato, ƙaddamar da al'adun gida da tattalin arziki a cikin tsarin duniya mai daidaituwa da rashin dorewa - yayin da a lokaci guda ke guje wa tarkon yanki, kamar parochialism da warewa.
Shirya kai na mutanen da ke da damar shiga cibiyar sadarwa ta duniya, hada kai da samar da albarkatun da aka raba da tsarin mulkin su. Wannan tsarin an gina shi ne a kusa da al'umma kuma ya ƙunshi ayyukan zamantakewa na ƙirƙirar da sarrafa hanya ta hanyar cibiyoyin da al'ummar masu samarwa ko masu amfani ke kirkira da sarrafawa. Suna bayyana a cikin tsari daban-daban, daga haɗin gwiwar albarkatun kasa (misali, kamun kifi, makiyaya) zuwa haɗin gwiwar da haɗin gwiwar abubuwan da aka raba ta dijital. Shirye-shiryen irin su encyclopedia kyauta Wikipedia, wanda ya maye gurbin Encyclopedia Britannica da Microsoft Encarta, da Apache HTTP Server, jagorancin software a kasuwar sabar yanar gizo, sun ba da misali ga kayan aikin dijital. Farkon kayan masarufi kusan kawai ya ƙunshi siffofin dijital na ayyukan kama-da-wane da al'ummomi. Ƙungiyoyin da suka biyo baya na jama'a yanzu sun haɗa da masana'antu na gida da rikice-rikice tsakanin fasahar analog da dijital a duk faɗin halitta da dijital, wurare na zahiri da na dijital, ayyuka, da lokaci.[2]
Mai koyar da zane-zane da sababbin zamantakewar al'umma kuma masanin kimiyya Ezio Manzini ya bayyana yanayin duniya kamar yadda yake da damar samar da sabon wuri. Tare da yanayin duniya, ba a la'akari da wurare a matsayin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ba, amma nodes a cikin gajeren nesa da cibiyoyin sadarwa masu nisa waɗanda ke haɗa al'ummomin cikin gida a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar musayar raba, suna kawo samarwa da amfani kusa tare. Cibiyoyin sadarwa na gajeren lokaci suna samarwa da sake farfado da masana'antar zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ta gida kuma cibiyoyin sadarwa masu nisa suna haɗa wani al'umma zuwa sauran duniya. Wannan nau'in cosmolocalism ya samo asali ne daga tsarin samar da kayayyaki wanda ya dogara da manufar kayan aikin dijital da kuma taken "zane na duniya, ƙera gida" (DGML). [3]
Cosmopolitan localism wani batu ne na mayar da hankali ga masu zanen canji waɗanda ke bincika canjin al'umma da ke jagorantar zane zuwa ga makomar da ta fi dacewa.[4] Yana kama ƙarfin shirye-shiryen fasaha da aka warwatsa, wanda ke nuna ra'ayoyin rayuwa, aiki da yin aiki a kusa da jama'a. An kalli yanayin Cosmopolitan ko cosmolocalism a matsayin tsarin tsari don shirya samarwa ta hanyar ba da fifiko ga lafiyar zamantakewar muhalli akan ribar kamfanoni, samarwa da yawa da amfani da yawa.[5] Wasu sun yi jayayya cewa cosmolocalism yana inganta wasu hanyoyin da za su iya lalata ma'anar tunanin jari-hujja, halayen da hanyoyin. Zai iya jagorantar hanyar zuwa ga bayan jari-hujja, tattalin arziki na al'umma inda aka halicci darajar gaba ɗaya kuma ana samun dama ga kowa. Don cosmolocalism ya zama fiye da zane don yanayin samarwa, ikon cin gashin kai na al'ummomi da mutane yana da mahimmanci.[6]
Koyaya, wannan ikon cin gashin kai na al'ummomi ba siyasa ba ne kuma ana iya kirkirar su a cikin tsarin dokokin yanzu da tsarin siyasa na ƙasashe, don haka jihohi ba sa tsoron rasa iko da iko a kan ƙasar, wanda zai hana ci gaban al'ummomin a wannan hanyar. A zahiri, ana iya yin rajistar waɗannan al'ummomin a matsayin kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu tare da babban burin inganta al'umma da amfani mai ɗorewa na albarkatun ta.[7]
Misali na nasarar amfani da hanyoyin budewa a cikin al'ummomi shine samar da turbines na iska. Dangane da fasahar budewa da ake samu a Intanet, [8] al'ummomin cikin gida a kasashe daban-daban a duniya sun shirya kansu kuma sun taru da turbines na iska daga kayan da aka rushe don samar da wutar lantarki ga asibitoci na gida, makarantu ko gidaje masu zaman kansu. [9] Misali, a Girka, a cikin wani karamin ƙauyen dutse, wani al'umma na cikin gida ya gina turbine na iska don samar da makamashi mai ɗorewa ga asibitin guda ɗaya, tunda ƙauyen yana cikin wurin da ke da wuyar isa don wutar lantarki.
A cikin wannan misali, idan jihar ta warware wannan matsala, to watakila shekaru za su wuce daga yanke shawara don samar da wutar lantarki a ƙauyen a cikin duwatsu zuwa ƙarshen gina kayan aiki masu tsada, wanda zai kashe akalla dala miliyan da yawa. Koyaya, shirya kai da ka'idodin cosmolocalism sun ba da damar wannan ƙauyen ya warware matsalolinsa a cikin watanni 3-4, yayin da farashin turbine na iska na gida bai wuce 'yan dubban daloli ba.[10]
Wannan misali ya nuna yadda ci gaban cosmolocalism zai iya zama mai tsada. Wannan ba wai kawai zai rage yawan kuɗin da gwamnati ke kashewa ba a kan ayyukan da suka fi tsada, har ma da amfani da albarkatun kasa yadda ya kamata kuma yadda ya kamata.
Wannan ra'ayi ba ya canza tsarin mulkin mallaka na yanzu amma sabon tsari ne. Masana kimiyya irin su Carlota Perez suna jayayya cewa jari-hujja har yanzu shine mafi kyawun tsarin tattalin arziki na al'umma, amma yana buƙatar sabbin siffofi da mafita, kamar sauyawa zuwa samfuran biyan kuɗi na dogon lokaci tare da sabuntawa, samfuran tattalin arzikin rabawa, samfuran da aka sake amfani da su, da sauransu.[11] Wannan zai adana manufar dangantakar kasuwa kyauta, kara ingancin tattalin arziki, amma a lokaci guda zai shafi ingantaccen amfani da albarkatu a cikin wannan sabon nau'in jari-hujja.
Babban dalilin da ya sa waɗannan ra'ayoyin suke da mahimmanci shine amfani da albarkatun da ba za a iya sabuntawa ba na Duniya. Misali, amfani da makamashi yana karuwa da sauri fiye da GDP na duniya a kowace shekara, [12] kuma idan aka ba da ci gaban fasahar fasaha ta wucin gadi da ke buƙatar sau da yawa karin wutar lantarki, wannan yanayin zai kara muni. [13] A lokaci guda, zuwa 2023, hanyoyin samar da makamashi masu sabuntawa ba su wuce 15% na duk hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su ba.[14]
Dubi kuma
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Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Schismenos, A., Niaros, V., Lemos, L. (21 September 2020). "Cosmolocalism: Understanding the Transitional Dynamics Towards Post-Capitalism" (PDF). TripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. 18 (2): 670–684. doi:10.31269/triplec.v18i2.1188. ISSN 1726-670X. S2CID 226359162. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ↑ Kostakis, Vasilis; Pantazis, Alekos (2021-04-13). "Is 'Deschooling Society' Possible? Notes from the Field". Postdigital Science and Education. 3 (3): 686–692. doi:10.1007/s42438-021-00228-6. S2CID 234874364 Check
|s2cid=value (help). - ↑ Kostakis, V.; Niaros, V.; Dafermos, G.; Bauwens, M. (2015). "Design global, manufacture local: Exploring the contours of an emerging productive model". Futures (in Turanci). 73: 126–135. doi:10.1016/j.futures.2015.09.001. S2CID 43960216.
- ↑ Irwin, Terry (2015-04-03). "Transition Design: A Proposal for a New Area of Design Practice, Study, and Research". Design and Culture (in Turanci). 7 (2): 229–246. doi:10.1080/17547075.2015.1051829. ISSN 1754-7075. S2CID 117643577.
- ↑ Kostakis, Vasilis; Niaros, Vasilis; Giotitsas, Chris (2023-06-30). "Beyond global versus local: illuminating a cosmolocal framework for convivial technology development". Sustainability Science (in Turanci). 18 (5): 2309–2322. Bibcode:2023SuSc...18.2309K. doi:10.1007/s11625-023-01378-1. ISSN 1937-0709.
- ↑ Schismenos, Alexandros; Niaros, Vasilis; Lemos, Lucas (2020-09-21). "Cosmolocalism: Understanding the Transitional Dynamics Towards Post-Capitalism" (PDF). TripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique (in Turanci): 670–684. doi:10.31269/triplec.v18i2.1188. ISSN 1726-670X.
- ↑ Abiddin, Norhasni Zainal; Ibrahim, Irmohizam; Abdul Aziz, Shahrul Azuwar (2022). "Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and Their Part towards Sustainable Community Development". Sustainability. 14 (8): 4386. Bibcode:2022Sust...14.4386A. doi:10.3390/su14084386.
- ↑ "How I Built an Electricity Producing Wind Turbine".
- ↑ "WINDExchange: Small Community Wind Handbook".
- ↑ "Costs windmill at home - Cost overview 2024 - Zoofy".
- ↑ Perez, Carlota (April 2016). "Capitalism, Technology and a Green Global Golden Age: The Role of History in Helping to Shape the Future" (PDF). carlotaperez.org (in Turanci). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2025-01-19.
- ↑ Chen, Z.M.; Chen, G.Q. (2011). "An overview of energy consumption of the globalized world economy". Energy Policy. 39 (10): 5920–5928. Bibcode:2011EnPol..39.5920C. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2011.06.046.
- ↑ Desislavov, Radosvet; Martínez-Plumed, Fernando; Hernández-Orallo, José (2023). "Trends in AI inference energy consumption: Beyond the performance-vs-parameter laws of deep learning". Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems. 38. arXiv:2109.05472. Bibcode:2023SCIS...3800857D. doi:10.1016/j.suscom.2023.100857.
- ↑ Ritchie, Hannah; Rosado, Pablo; Roser, Max (26 February 2024). "Energy Production and Consumption". Our World in Data.