Yanayin yanayi na Guyana

 

Yanayin Guyana ya ƙunshi halaye na zahiri na ƙasar da Arewacin Kudancin Amurka da kuma wani ɓangare na Caribbean Kudancin Amurka, iyaka da Tekun Atlantika ta Arewa, tsakanin Suriname da Venezuela, tare da yankin ƙasa na kusan murabba'in kilomita 214,969. Kasar tana tsakanin 1 da 9 arewacin latitude kuma tsakanin 56 da 62 yammacin longitude. Tare da iyakar tekun Atlantika mai nisan kilomita 459 kilometres (285 mi) (285 a arewa maso gabas, Guyana tana da iyaka da Venezuela a yamma, Brazil a yamma da kudu, da Suriname a gabas.

Yankunan ƙasa

Ƙasar ta ƙunshi manyan yankuna uku: filin bakin teku, fararen yashi da tsaunuka na ciki.

Filin bakin teku, wanda ke da kusan kashi 5 cikin 100 na yankin ƙasar, gida ne ga fiye da kashi 90 cikin 100 na mazaunanta. Filayen ya kasance daga kilomita biyar zuwa shida a fadin kuma ya shimfiɗa daga Kogin Corentyne a gabas zuwa iyakar Venezuela a arewa maso yamma.

Filin bakin tekun ya ƙunshi babban laka mai ƙyalƙyali da kogin Amazon ya zarce zuwa teku, da magudanan ruwan teku ke ɗauke da su zuwa arewa, kuma aka ajiye su a gabar tekun Guyana.  Laka mai wadataccen yumbu mai yawan haihuwa, wannan laka ta lullube fararen yashi da yumbu da aka samu daga yazawar tudun da ke cikin ciki kuma aka ɗauke ta zuwa bakin kogin Guyana.  Saboda yawancin ambaliyar ruwa da ke bakin teku a cikin magudanar ruwa, yunƙurin datse ruwa da magudanar ruwa ya ci gaba da gudana tun ƙarni na 18.[ Wani bincike na nesa nesa na duniya na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa akwai 1,178 km2 na gidajen tudu a Guyana, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama ƙasa ta 30 a matsayin ƙasa ta 30.

Guyana ba ta da iyaka ko rairayin bakin teku. Kusa da teku, ƙasar a hankali ta rasa tsawo har sai ta haɗa da wurare da yawa na marsh da marsh. Yankin teku daga layin ciyayi yanki ne na laka, ruwa mai launin ruwan kasa, da yashi. Daga New Amsterdam, waɗannan filayen laka sun kai kusan kilomita 25 (16 . Yankin yashi da ruwa mai zurfi sune babban cikas ga jigilar kaya, kuma jiragen ruwa masu shigowa dole ne su sauke kayansu a bakin teku don isa tashar jiragen ruwa a Georgetown da New Amsterdam.

Layin maras kyau yana samar da shinge tsakanin fararen tuddai na ciki da filin bakin teku. Wadannan maras kyau, waɗanda aka kafa lokacin da aka hana ruwa gudana zuwa gonakin bakin teku ta hanyar jerin madatsun ruwa, suna aiki a matsayin tafkuna a lokacin fari.

Kasuwancin yankin gandun daji a cikin jimlar yankin ƙasa, manyan ƙasashe (2021). Guyana tana da kashi na biyu mafi girma na gandun daji a duniya.

Yankin farin yashi yana kudu da yankin bakin teku. Wannan yanki yana da faɗin kilomita 150 zuwa 250 kuma ya ƙunshi ƙananan tuddai masu yashi da ke cike da duwatsu. Farin yashi yana tallafawa gandun daji mai tsayi. Wadannan yashi ba za su iya tallafawa amfanin gona ba, kuma idan an cire bishiyoyi rushewa yana da sauri kuma yana da tsanani. Yawancin ajiyar Guyana na bauxite, zinariya, da lu'u-lu'u ana samun su a wannan yankin.

Mafi girma daga cikin yankuna uku na Guyana shine tsaunuka na ciki, jerin tsaunuka, tsaunuka masu laushi, da savannahs waɗanda suka shimfiɗa daga fararen yashi zuwa iyakokin kudancin ƙasar. Duwatsun Pacaraima sun mamaye yammacin ɓangaren tsaunuka na ciki. A cikin wannan yankin ana samun wasu daga cikin tsofaffin duwatsu a Yammacin Yamma. Dutsen Roraima, a kan iyakar Venezuela, yana daga cikin kewayon Pakaraima kuma, a mita 2,762, shine mafi tsawo a Guyana. Kusan kudu akwai Kaieteur Plateau, wani yanki mai faɗi, mai duwatsu game da mita 600 a tsawo; Dutsen Kanuku mai mita 1,000; da ƙananan Dutsen Acarai da ke kan iyakar kudancin Brazil.

Yawancin tsaunuka na ciki sun ƙunshi ciyawa. Mafi girman filin ciyawa, Rupununi Savannah, ya rufe kimanin murabba'in kilomita 15,000 a kudancin Guyana. Wannan savannah kuma ya kai ga Venezuela da Brazil. Sashe a Guyana ya kasu kashi biyu zuwa yankuna na arewa da na kudu ta Dutsen Kanuku . Ciyawa mai laushi na savannah gabaɗaya suna tallafawa kiwo ne kawai, kodayake ƙungiyoyin Amerindian suna noma wasu yankuna tare da Kogin Rupununi da kuma a ƙarƙashin tsaunuka na Dutsen Kanuku.

Taswirar kwandon ruwa na Essequibo

Guyana ƙasa ce mai wadata da ruwa. Koguna da yawa suna gudana cikin Tekun Atlantika, gabaɗaya a arewacin arewa. Koguna da yawa a yammacin ƙasar, duk da haka, suna gudana zuwa gabas zuwa Kogin Essequibo, suna zubar da Kaieteur Plateau . Essequibo, babban kogi na kasar, yana gudana daga iyakar Brazil a kudu zuwa wani babban delta a yammacin Georgetown . Koguna na gabashin Guyana sun ratsa yankin bakin teku, suna sa tafiye-tafiye na gabas zuwa yamma ya zama da wahala, amma kuma suna ba da iyakantaccen ruwa zuwa ciki.

Magudanan ruwa gabaɗaya suna iyakance jigilar ruwa zuwa ƙasan kowane kogi.  Wasu daga cikin magudanan ruwa na ban mamaki;  misali, Kaieteur Falls a kan kogin Potaro ya ragu da mita 226.  Sauran manyan magudanan ruwa sune Sarki Edward VIII (256m), Kumerau Falls (190m), Oshi Falls (160 – 210 m).  [ana ruwan hujja] [ana bukatar] A cikin kasar an san akwai sama da 200 rapids da sama da manyan magudanan ruwa 70.  [ana binciken hujja] [ana bukatar] Ruwan ruwa da yawa ba a san su ba kuma yawancinsu ba a auna su ba, mai yiyuwa ne akwai magudanan ruwa da suka wuce tsayin mita 300. 

Rashin ruwa a ko'ina cikin mafi yawan Guyana yana da talauci kuma kogin yana raguwa saboda matsakaicin gradient na manyan koguna yana da mita ɗaya kawai a kowane kilomita biyar. Ana samun maras kyau da wuraren ambaliyar ruwa na lokaci-lokaci a duk sai yankunan tsaunuka, kuma duk sabbin ayyukan ƙasa suna buƙatar hanyoyin sadarwa masu yawa kafin su dace da amfani da aikin gona. Matsakaicin murabba'in kilomita a kan gonar sukari, alal misali, yana da kilomita shida na hanyoyin ban ruwa, kilomita goma sha takwas na manyan magudanar ruwa, da kilomita goma sha huɗu na ƙananan magudanar ruwan. Wadannan tashoshin suna da kusan kashi ɗaya cikin takwas na yankin matsakaicin filin sukari. Wasu daga cikin manyan gidaje suna da fiye da kilomita 550 na canals; Guyana kanta tana da jimlar fiye da kilomita 8,000. Ko da Georgetown yana ƙasa da matakin teku kuma dole ne ya dogara da dicks don kariya daga Kogin Demerara da Tekun Atlantika.

Ruwan sama na Guyana

Kogin	Girman kwandon (103 km2)		Matsakaicin fitarwa (km3/shekara)
	Guyana	Jimillar	Guyana	Jimillar
Barbice	15.8	15.8	14.7	14.7
Courantyne	26	64	16.3	47
Demerara	7.5	7.5	11.6	11.6
Essequibo	115	154.2	148.8	178
Pomeroon	3.9	3.9	5.3	5.3
Sauran	46.8		44.3
Guyana	215		241

Yanayi

Taswirar Guyana na rarraba yanayi na Köppen.

Wasu 'yan gobara da aka warwatsa (ja dots) a arewacin Kudancin Amurka: Venezuela (hagu), Guyana (dama) da Brazil (tsakiya na ƙasa)

Da yake kusa da ma'auni, Guyana tana da yanayi na wurare masu zafi, kuma Yanayin zafi ba ya bambanta sosai a cikin shekara. Shekarar tana da lokutan rigar guda biyu, daga Disamba zuwa farkon Fabrairu kuma daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa tsakiyar Agusta.

Kodayake zafin jiki bai taɓa yin haɗari ba, haɗuwa da zafi da danshi na iya zama mai zalunci a wasu lokuta. Dukan yankin yana ƙarƙashin tasirin iskar kasuwanci ta arewa maso gabas, kuma a lokacin tsakar rana da rana iska ta teku tana kawo taimako ga bakin teku. Guyana tana kudu da hanyar guguwar Caribbean kuma babu wanda aka sani ya buge ƙasar.

Temperatures in Georgetown are quite constant, with an average high of 32 °C (89.6 °F) and an average low of 24 °C (75.2 °F) in the hottest month (July), and an average range of 29 to 23 °C (84.2 to 73.4 °F) in February, the coolest month. The highest temperature ever recorded in the capital was 34 °C (93 °F) and the lowest 20 °C (68 °F). Humidity averages 70 percent year-round. Locations in the interior, away from the moderating influence of the ocean, experience slightly wider variations in daily temperature, and nighttime readings as low as 12 °C (53.6 °F) have been recorded. Humidity in the interior is also slightly lower, averaging around 60 percent.

Ruwan sama ya fi yawa a arewa maso yamma kuma mafi sauƙi a kudu maso gabas da ciki.  Matsakaicin shekara-shekara a bakin tekun kusa da iyakar Venezuelan yana kusa da milimita 2,500 (98.4 in), gabas gabas a New Amsterdam milimita 2,000 (78.7 in), da milimita 1,500 (59.1 in) a kudancin Guyana Rupununi Savannah.  Yankunan arewa maso gabas na tsaunuka waɗanda ke kama iskar cinikin matsakaicin matsakaicin milimita 3,500 (in 137.8 ) na hazo a shekara.  Ko da yake ruwan sama yana faɗowa a duk shekara, kusan kashi 50 cikin ɗari na jimillar shekara yana zuwa a lokacin damina na rani wanda ya ƙare daga Mayu zuwa ƙarshen Yuli a bakin teku da kuma daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba zuwa cikin ƙasa.[]  Yankunan bakin teku suna da lokacin damina na biyu daga Nuwamba zuwa Janairu.  Ruwan sama gabaɗaya yana faɗowa a cikin ruwan sama mai nauyi ko kuma tsawa.  Ranakun da aka mamaye ba kasafai suke ba;  Yawancin ranaku sun haɗa da awanni huɗu zuwa takwas na hasken rana daga safiya zuwa farkon rana..

Climate data for {{{location}}}
Watan	Janairu	Fabrairu	Maris	Afrilu	Mayu	Yuni	Yuli	Ogusta	Satumba	Oktoba	Nuwamba	Disamba	Shekara

Climate data for {{{location}}}
Watan	Janairu	Fabrairu	Maris	Afrilu	Mayu	Yuni	Yuli	Ogusta	Satumba	Oktoba	Nuwamba	Disamba	Shekara

Halaye

Yanayin ƙasa:5°00′N 59°00′W / 5.000°N 59.000°W / 5.000; -59.0005°00′N 59°00′W

Taswirar ayyukan tattalin arziki na Guyana

Yankin

• Jimillar: ²,969 km2 
• Ƙasa: 196,849 km² 
• Ruwa: 18,1² km2 

Yankunan ƙasa

• Jimillar: kilomita 2,933 
• Kasashen iyaka: Brazil 1,308 km, Suriname 836 km, Venezuela 789 km   

Yankin bakin teku

• 459 kilometres (285 mi)

Da'awar teku

• Territorial sea: 12 nautical miles (22.2 km; 13.8 mi)
• Exclusive economic zone: 137,765 square kilometres (53,191 sq mi) and 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi)
• Continental shelf: 200 nautical miles (370.4 km; 230.2 mi) or to the outer edge of the continental margin

Yankin

Yawancin tsaunuka masu juyawa; ƙananan filayen bakin teku; Savanna a kudu.

Babban tsawo

• Matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci: Tekun Atlantika, -1 m
• Matsayi mafi tsawo: Dutsen Roraima, 2,835 m

Albarkatun halitta

Bauxite, zinariya, lu'u-lu'u, katako mai wuya, shrimp, kifi.

Taswirar shuke-shuke na Guyana

Amfani da ƙasa

• Yankin noma: 2.13%
• Amfanin gona na dindindin: 0.14%
• Sauran: 97.72%

Ƙasar da ake ban ruwa

• 1,501 km² (2003)  

Jimlar albarkatun ruwa masu sabuntawa

• 241 km³ (2011)  

Rashin ruwa mai laushi (na gida / masana'antu / aikin gona)

• Jimillar: 1.64 km³/shekara *4%/1%/94%)  
• Kowace mutum: 2,222 m³/shekara (2010)

Haɗarin Halitta

• Ambaliyar ruwa barazana ce ta yau da kullun a lokacin ruwan sama
• Guguwa tana zama barazana a lokacin bazara

Muhalli, batutuwan yanzu

• Rashin gurɓata ruwa daga datti da sinadarai na noma da masana'antu; sare daji

Muhalli - yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa

Jam'iyyar zuwa: Biodiversity, Canjin yanayi, Yaduwa, Dabbobi masu haɗari, Kashewa mai haɗari, Dokar Tekun, Kare Yankin Ozone, Taɓin Jirgin, Katako na Tropical 83, Katako na wurare masu zafi 94Itace mai zafi 94

Abubuwa masu tsanani

• Yankin arewacin - Waini Peninsula, yankin Barima-Waini
• Yankin kudu - iyaka da Brazil kusa da Wai-Wai, Yankin Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo
• Yammacin Yamma - Dutsen Venamo, iyaka da Venezuela, Yankin Cuyuni-Mazaruni
• Yankin Gabas - iyaka da Suriname da Brazil, Yankin Gabashin Berbice-Corentyne
• Matsayi mafi tsawo - Dutsen Roraima: 2,835 m
• Matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci - Tekun Atlantika: 0 m

Yankin yammacinsa yana jayayya da Venezuela.

Dubi kuma

• Jerin birane a Guyana
• Category:Rivers of Guyana
• Category: Ruwan ruwa na Guyana.