Yanayin yanayi na Makidoniya

Yanayin yanayi na Makidoniya
geography of geographic location (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	Yanayin Turai
Fuskar	Masadoiniya ta Arewa
Ƙasa	Masadoiniya ta Arewa
Rukunin da yake danganta	Category:North Macedonia geography-related lists (en) da Category:Lists of landforms of North Macedonia (en)
Nada jerin	extreme points of North Macedonia (en)

Arewacin Makidoniya Arewacin Macedonia ƙasa ce da ke kudu maso gabashin Turai tare da haɗin gwiwar yanki 22°00′E / 41.833°N 22.000°E / 41.833;  22.000, iyaka da Kosovo da Serbia zuwa arewa, Bulgaria zuwa gabas, Girka a kudu da Albania zuwa yamma.  Ƙasar wani yanki ne na babban yanki na Makidoniya kuma ya ƙunshi yawancin Vardar Macedonia.  Ƙasar babbar hanyar sufuri ce daga Yammacin Turai da Tsakiyar Turai zuwa Kudancin Turai da Tekun Aegean.  Arewacin Macedonia ƙasa ce mara iyaka amma tana da manyan tafkuna uku na halitta: Lake Ohrid, Lake Prespa da tafkin Dojran.  Tana da fadin ruwa 857 km2, yayin da yankinta ya kai 24,856 km2.

A fannin ilimin ƙasa, Makidoniya tana cikin lardin Illyrian na yankin Circumboreal a cikin Masarautar Boreal. Dangane da WWF da Taswirar Dijital na Yankunan muhalli na Turai ta Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Turai, ana iya raba yankin Arewacin Makidoniya zuwa yankuna huɗu: Dutsen Pindus da aka haɗu da gandun daji, dajin da aka haɗuwa da Balkan, da gandun dajin da suka haɗu da Rhodopes da Aegean sclerophyllous da kuma gandun daji.

Yanayi

Taswirar rarraba yanayi ta Köppen-Geiger don Arewacin Makidoniya

Arewacin Macedonia yana da yanayi na musamman da aka bayyana ta wurin wurin da yanayin yanayinsa.  Yanayin filayen yanayi yanayi ne na Bahar Rum wanda ya haɗe da tasirin Tekun Bahar Rum. Har ila yau, kasar tana da halaye na nahiya, wanda tsaunuka a kudu ke ba da haske wanda ke hana iska mai zafi daga kudu motsawa zuwa arewa.  Sabanin haka, tsaunin Šar, wanda ke arewa maso yammacin kasar, yana toshe iska mai sanyin arewa.  Gabaɗaya, sassan arewaci da yammacin ƙasar suna kusa da yanayin Nahiyar Turai da kudanci da gabas zuwa yanayin Bahar Rum..

Arewacin Makidoniya yana da yanayi huɗu, amma tsawon lokutan ya bambanta dangane da yanayin ƙasa. Lokacin bazara sau da yawa gajere ne. Lokacin bazara yana da zafi kuma ba sabon abu ba ne a ga yanayin zafi sama da 40 °C (104 °F) ° C (104 ° F) a wannan kakar, musamman a filayen da ke kwarin kogin Vardar. Lokacin hunturu, ko da yake matsakaici, na iya zama sanyi sosai. Ruwan dusar ƙanƙara a lokacin hunturu ya zama ruwan dare kuma wani lokaci yana da nauyi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na shekara-shekara na iska shine 11.5 °C (53 °F) ° C (53 ° F), amma filayen suna fuskantar yanayin zafi mafi girma, 15 °C (59 °F) ° C (59 ° F). Watan da ya fi zafi shine Yuli, wanda ke da matsakaicin zafin jiki na 22.2 °C (72 °F) ° C (72 ° F) kuma mafi sanyi shine Janairu, tare da zafin jiki ya 0.3 °C (33 °F) ° C (33 ° F). Matsakaicin da mafi ƙarancin yanayin zafi da aka rubuta a Arewacin Makidoniya har zuwa yau shine 45.7 °C (114 °F) ° C (114 ° F) da -31.5 ° C (-25 ° F), bi da bi.

Ruwan sama yana da yawa a yankunan yamma da gabashin kasar, amma zafin jiki ya ragu sosai a yankin Vardar. Wannan yankin yana ganin hunturu mai zafi ta hanyar iska ta Vardarec. Wannan iska ta fito ne daga bakin kogin Vardar kuma tana kawo iska mai dumi. Skopje, wanda aka dauka a matsayin birni mai ƙasƙanci, yana da matsakaicin kwanaki 64 na ruwan sama a kowace shekara. Watan Oktoba shine mafi ruwan sama tare da 61 mm; mafi bushewa shine Agusta tare da 28 mm. Ruwan sama ya fi yawa a cikin bazara da faɗuwar.  

Climate Facts:

Wuri	Yankin	Latitude	Tsawon lokaci	Tsayi (m)	Ruwan sama (mm)	Yanayin zafi (°C)
Skopje	Arewacin kwarin Vardar	42° 00’	21° 26’	245	940	13,5
Kočani	Gabashin Arewacin Makidoniya	41° 50’	22° 00’	400	538	12,9
Tafkin Ohrid	Kudu maso Yammacin Makidoniya	41° 03’	20° 42’	693	759	11,4

Climate data for {{{location}}}
Watan	Janairu	Fabrairu	Maris	Afrilu	Mayu	Yuni	Yuli	Ogusta	Satumba	Oktoba	Nuwamba	Disamba	Shekara

Yanayin Yanayi

Yankin

Kasar tana da iyakoki 766 km, tare da Kosovo (159 km ko 99 mi) zuwa arewa maso yamma, Serbia (62 km ko 39 mi) zuwa Arewa, Bulgaria (148 km) zuwa gabas, Girka (246 km) zuwa kudu, da Albania (151 km) zuwa yamma.        

Iyakar arewa da Serbia da Kosovo tana da tsawon kilomita 221.  An yi iyakar bayan yakin duniya na biyu, tsakanin SR Macedonia da SR Serbia.[1]  Amma a shekara ta 2008 lokacin da Kosovo ta ayyana 'yancin kai an sake yin la'akari da iyaka da ita.  Maimakon fiye da rabin iyakar ta raba Arewacin Macedonia da Kosovo.  Daga mashigin da ke tare da Albaniya, iyakokin iyaka suna fuskantar arewa-maso-gabas tare da magudanar ruwa na Šar Mountain.  Yana bayyana wani lankwasa zuwa kudu a haye kogin Lepenec sannan ya juya zuwa arewa maso gabas don ratsa Dutsen Crna kafin ya ɗauki hanya kaɗan zuwa arewa maso gabas ta hanyar fasalin shimfidar wuri zuwa mashigin tare da Bulgaria.

Hoton tauraron dan adam na Arewacin Makidoniya a watan Disamba

Yankin gabas da Bulgaria yana da tsawon kusan kilomita 148. An yarda da iyakar da aka kafa daga Yugoslavia da Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Bulgaria bayan samun 'yancin kai a shekarar 1992. Yankin ya fara ne daga tripoint tare da Girka, iyakar tana gudana a arewa, ta haye Kogin Strumica sannan ta tashi zuwa ruwa wanda ya biyo baya zuwa arewa sannan zuwa arewa maso yamma zuwa tripoint tare le Serbia. 

Iyakar kudu da ta raba Arewacin Makidoniya daga Girka tana da tsawon kilomita 228 kuma ita ce iyaka mafi tsayi.  An yi masa alama tare da Yarjejeniyar Bucharest a ranar 10 ga Agusta 1913.] Iyakar ta fara ne daga tudu tare da Albania, a cikin tafkin Prespa, iyakar tana tafiya a kan layi madaidaiciya zuwa gabas a fadin tafkin sannan kuma ta ci gaba a arewacin gabas na gabas ta hanyar taimako zuwa Voras Oros (Nidže), inda ta juya zuwa arewa-gabas.  Yana ratsa magudanar ruwa na Voras Oros sannan ya ci gaba zuwa gabas tare da magudanar ruwa kafin ya fado zuwa kwarin kogin Vardar.  Iyakar ta ci gaba zuwa gabas sannan ta juya arewa ta ƙetare tafkin Dojran, kafin, a kan latitude na Valandovo, ta juya gabas zuwa tudu tare da Bulgaria akan Dutsen Tumba.. 

An fara nuna iyakar da Albania a 1926 sannan kuma an yi magana da Yarjejeniyar Paris a 1947. Yankin ya fara ne daga tripoint tare da Kosovo kuma ya bi wani ruwa raba kafin hayewa, kuma na ɗan gajeren nesa, bin kogin Black Drin kuma ya ci gaba tare da layin zuwa Tafkin Ohrid. Ya haye tafkin, ya bar kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku a Albania, ya ratsa wani tsauni mai tsawo kuma ya haɗu da tripoint tare da Girka a Tafkin Prespa .

Yanayin ƙasa

Yanayin Dutsen Korab - dutse mafi tsawo a kasar

Arewacin Macedonia ƙasa ce mai cike da ƙasa wacce ke bayyana a fili ta hanyar tsakiyar kwarin da kogin Vardar ya yi kuma aka tsara ta da iyakokinta ta hanyar jeri.  Ƙasar ta kasance mafi ƙasƙanci, tana tsakanin tsaunukan Šar da Osogovo, wanda ke tsara kwarin kogin Vardar.  Manyan tafkuna uku — tafkin Ohrid, tafkin Prespa da tafkin Dojran — sun kwanta a kan iyakokin kudanci, iyaka da Albaniya da Girka.  Ana ɗaukar Ohrid a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin tafkuna da biotopes a duniya.[1]  Yankin yana da karfin girgizar kasa kuma ya kasance wurin da girgizar kasa ta yi barna a baya, na baya-bayan nan a cikin 1963 lokacin da wata babbar girgizar kasa ta lalata Skopje, inda ta kashe sama da 1,000.

Har ila yau, Arewacin Makidoniya yana da tsaunuka masu kyau. Sun kasance daga tsaunuka daban-daban guda biyu: na farko shine tsaunukan Šar wanda ke ci gaba zuwa rukunin tsaunuka na West Vardar / Pelagonia (Baba Mountain, Nidže, Kozuf da Jakupica), wanda aka fi sani da kewayon Dinaric. Yankin na biyu shine jerin tsaunuka na Osogovo-Belasica, wanda aka fi sani da Rhodope range. Duwatsun Šar ke cikin tsaunukan Šar da kewayon Yammacin Vardar / Pelagonia sun fi ƙanƙanta kuma sun fi tsufa da tsaunuka waɗanda ke cikin rukunin tsaunukan Osogovo-Belasica.

Duwatsun Šar

10 tsaunuka mafi tsawo a Arewacin Makidoniya

Sunan	Matsayi	Tsawon (m)	Tsawon (ft)
Dutsen Korab	1	2,764	9,396
Titov Vrv	2	2,748	9,016
Dutsen Baba	3	2,601	8,533
Jakupica	4	2,540	8,333
Nidže	5	2,521	8,271
Daga baya	6	2,373	7,785
Galičica	7	2,288	7,507
Stogovo	8	2,273	7,457
Jablanica	9	2,257	7,405
Osogovo	10	2,251	7,383

Rubuce-rubucen ruwa

Golemo Ezero, tafkin kankara wanda ke da tsawo 2218 m a cikin tsaunukan Pelister

A Arewacin Makidoniya akwai manyan maɓuɓɓugar ruwa 1,100. Koguna suna gudana cikin tafkuna daban-daban guda uku: Aegean, Adriatic da wannan tafkin Black Sea.

Rashin Aegean shine mafi girma. Ya mamaye kashi 87% na yankin ƙasar, wanda ke da kilomita ²,075. Vardar, kogin da ya fi girma a cikin wannan kwandon, yana zubar da kashi 80% na yankin ko ²,459 km2. Kwarin yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arziki da tsarin sadarwa na kasar. Aikin da ake kira The Vardar Valley an dauke shi da mahimmanci ga ci gaban dabarun kasar.  

Kogin Black Drim ya samar da kwandon Adriatic, wanda ya rufe yanki na kimanin 3,3² km2, watau 13% na yankin. Ya fito ne daga Lakes Prespa da Ohrid . 

Kogin Black Sea shine mafi ƙanƙanta tare da kawai 37 km² Yana rufe gefen arewacin Dutsen Skopska Crna Gora. A nan ne tushen kogin Binačka Morava wanda ya haɗu da Kudancin Morava kuma daga baya Danube, wanda daga ƙarshe ya gudana cikin Tekun Baƙi. 

Duk da kasancewa ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙasa, Arewacin Makidoniya yana da manyan tabkuna uku (Ohrid, Prespa, da Dojran), tabkuna uku na wucin gadi da kusan tafkuna 50.

Akwai wuraren shakatawa guda tara a Arewacin Makidoniya: Banište, Banja Bansko, Istibanja, Katlanovo, Kežovica, Kosovrasti, Banja Kočani, Kumanovski Banji da Negorci.

Kogin Vardar

Vardar a cikin VelesJirgin ruwa

Vardar shine kogin mafi tsayi kuma mafi mahimmanci a Arewacin Makidoniya.  Tsawon kilomita 388 (241 mi) ne, kuma yana zubar da wani yanki na kusan murabba'in kilomita 25,000 (9,700 sq mi).  Akwai shawarwari don gina Morava-Vardar Canal, haɗi zuwa kogin Morava, don haka haɗa Adriatic zuwa tsakiyar Turai, kodayake wannan yana buƙatar aiki mai yawa..

Kogin ya haura ne a Vrutok, mai tazarar kilomita kadan daga arewacin Gostivar a Jamhuriyar Arewacin Macedonia.  Ta ratsa ta Gostivar, Skopje zuwa cikin Veles, ta ratsa kan iyakar Girka kusa da Gevgelija, Polykastro da Axioupoli, kafin ta shiga cikin Tekun Aegean a tsakiyar Makidoniya yamma da Tasalonika.

Basin Vardar ya ƙunshi kashi biyu bisa uku na yankin Jamhuriyar Arewacin Makidoniya.  Don haka ana kiran yankin "Vardar Makidoniya" bayan kogin, don bambanta shi da "Aegean Macedonia" (a Girka) da "Pirin Macedonia" (a Bulgaria).  Kwarin ya ƙunshi ƙasashe masu albarka a Polog, Gevgelija da sauran sassa.  Kogin yana kewaye da duwatsu a wasu wurare.  M1/E75, wanda ke haɗawa da Titin Ƙasa ta Girka 1, yana gudana ta cikin kwarin tare da tsayin kogin zuwa kusa da Skopje.

An nuna kogin a kan makamai na Skopje, wanda kuma an haɗa shi a cikin tutar birnin.

Tafkin Ohrid

Cocin St. John a Kaneo tare da ra'ayi na Tafkin Ohrid, mafi mashahuriyar wurin ga masu yawon bude ido a Arewacin Makidoniya

Lake Ohrid (Macedonian: Охридско Езеро, Ohridsko Ezero) straddles the mountainous border between southwestern North Macedonia and eastern Albania. Lake Ohrid is the deepest lake of the Balkans, with a maximum depth of 288 m (940 ft) and a mean depth of 155 m (508 ft). It covers an area of 358 square kilometres (138 sq mi), containing an estimated 55.4 km³ of water. It is 30.4 km long by 14.8 km wide at its maximum extent with a shoreline length of 87.53 km, shared between North Macedonia (56.02 km) and Albania (31.51 km). The lake drains an area of around 2600 km² and is fed primarily by underground springs on the eastern shore (about 50% of total inflow), with roughly 25% shares from rivers and direct precipitation. Over 20% of the lake's water comes from nearby Lake Prespa, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southeast and at 150 m higher altitude than Lake Ohrid.

Taswirar taswirar tafkin Ohrid da Prespa

Kamar Tafkin Baikal da Tafkin Tanganyika, Tafkin Ohrid yana da nau'o'in da ke rufe dukkan jerin abinci, daga phytoplankton da sestile algae (20 nau'o-nau'i; misali, Cyclotella fottii), a kan nau'o"in shuke-shuke (2 nau'o) (2 nau'in; misali, Chara ohridana), zooplankton (5 nau'in da nau'in cyprinid (8 nau'in) musamman nau'in tsuntsaye masu yawa; nau'in Pachychilonus (nau'in tsuntsu) musamman nau-nau'in nau'in nau-nauyin tsuntsaye (2 nau'i masu yawa; Ohridididididaeidaeidaeidae)

Akwai birane uku a bakin tekun: Ohrid da Struga a Arewacin Makidoniya; Pogradec a Albania. Har ila yau, akwai ƙauyuka masu yawa na kamun kifi, kodayake yawon bude ido yanzu ya zama wani ɓangare na kudaden shiga. Yankin tafkin yana da yawan mutane kusan 170,000, tare da mutane 131,000 da ke zaune kai tsaye a bakin tafkin (43,000 a Albania da 88,000 a Arewacin Makidoniya).

Tafkin Prespa

Ra'ayi na tsibirin Golem Grad a cikin Tafkin Prespa

Babban Tafkin Prespa (Macedonian: Преспанско Езеро, Prespansko Ezero) ya kasu tsakanin Albania, Girka da Arewacin Makidoniya. Tsibirin da ya fi girma a cikin Babban Tafkin Prespa, wanda ake kira Golem Grad ("Babban Ginin"), ko Tsibirin Snake (Змиски Остров), yana cikin Arewacin Makidoniya.

Saboda Babban Tafkin Prespa yana zaune kusan 150m sama da Tafkin Ohrid, wanda ke kusa da kilomita 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) (6.2 zuwa yamma, ruwansa yana gudana ta hanyar tashoshin karkashin kasa a cikin karst kuma yana fitowa daga maɓuɓɓugar ruwa waɗanda ke ciyar da rafi da ke gudana cikin Tafkin Ohirid.

Tafkin Dojran

Tafkin Dojran, wanda ke kudu maso gabashin Arewacin Makidoniya, shine mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin manyan tabkuna uku tare da yanki na 4².7 km². Tafkin ya raba tsakanin Arewacin Makidoniya (².1 km2) da Girka (15.6 km2). Garin Dojran yana kan iyakar yammacin tafkin, yayin da ƙauyen Girka na Mouries ke gabas. A arewa shine dutsen Belasica kuma a kudu shine garin Girka na Doirani . Tafkin yana da siffar zagaye, yana da matsakaicin zurfin mita 10, yana da tsawon arewa zuwa kudu na 8.9 km, kuma yana da 7.1 km a mafi faɗin.     

Tsire-tsire da dabbobi

Pinus peuce, itacen Pine na Makidoniya ko molika, ɗaya daga cikin itatuwan da aka fi sani da Arewacin Makidoniya

Tsire-tsire na Arewacin Makidoniya suna wakiltar kusan iyalai 210, nau'ikan 920, da kuma nau'ikan shuke-shuke 3,700. Ƙungiyar da ta fi yawa ita ce tsire-tsire masu fure tare da kimanin nau'in 3,200, wanda ke biye da mosses (nau'in 350) da ferns (42).

A fannin ilimin ƙasa, Arewacin Makidoniya na cikin lardin Illyrian na yankin Circumboreal a cikin Masarautar Boreal. Dangane da WWF da Taswirar Dijital na Yankunan muhalli na Turai ta Hukumar Kula da Muhalli ta Turai, ana iya raba yankin Jamhuriyar zuwa yankuna huɗu: Dutsen Pindus da aka haɗu da gandun daji, dajin da aka haɗuwa da Balkan, da gandun dajin da suka haɗu da Rhodopes da Aegean sclerophyllous da kuma gandun da aka haɗawa.

Ma'adanai da ma'adanai

  Arewacin Makidoniya yana da wadataccen ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, gubar, zinc, chromite, Manganese, nickel, tungsten, zinariya, azurfa, asbestos, da gypsum. Har ila yau yana daya daga cikin wurare biyu a duniya inda ake samun ma'adinin lorandite.

Amfani da ƙasa

• Kashi 16.1% na yankin ƙasar ƙasa ce mai noma.
• 1.36% na amfanin gona na dindindin
• 82.54% - wasu. (2011).

Dangane da kimantawa na shekara ta ², akwai 1278 km2 na ƙasar da ake ban ruwa, da 6.4 km³ na jimlar albarkatun ruwa masu sabuntawa.  

Rashin lalacewa da kare muhalli

Balkans a watan Yulin 2007, gobara ta kasance a bayyane a Girka, Albania da Arewacin Makidoniya

A watan Yulin 2007, gobara ta kasance a bayyane musamman a Girka, Albania da Arewacin Makidoniya.

Ana adana mahalli a wuraren da ba su da amfani kuma ba su da yawan jama'a. Bugu da kari, kasar tana da manyan wuraren shakatawa na kasa guda uku, waɗanda aka kirkira a ƙarƙashin mulkin Yugoslav na 1948-1958. Gidan shakatawa na Pelister, Mavrovo da Galičica sun rufe yanki na hekta 43,810 (108,250 acres) kuma suna ba da damar kare wuraren halitta ta hanyar yanayin ƙasa na musamman, dabbobinsu da tsire-tsire. Gidan ajiyar tsuntsaye na Ezerani, arewacin Lake Prespa, yana da girman hekta 2,000 kuma gida ne ga dabbobi sittin da Yarjejeniyar Bern ta kare.

Koyaya, idan an kare shi inda mutum ba shi da damar shiga, ana barazana ga yanayin kewayen garuruwa da ƙauyuka. Lalle ne, don yin Arewacin Makidoniya, tsohon karkara da matalauta, ƙasa ta zamani da mai wadata, gwamnatin Kwaminisanci ta Yugoslav ta kafa masana'antu da yawa, sau da yawa suna gurɓata sosai. Wadannan masana'antun, wadanda galibi ke cikin yankunan Veles da Skopje har yanzu suna aiki. Rashin gurɓataccen sharar gida ya ragu bayan 1991, bayan samun 'yancin kai, saboda kamfanoni da yawa sun fadi ko kuma sun rage ayyukansu bayan sauyawa zuwa tattalin arzikin kasuwa.

Sauran haɗarin lalacewar yanayi yana cikin sharar gida. Lalle ne, kawai birnin Skopje yana da cibiyar sarrafa sharar gida a sauran ƙasar, don haka an bar su a cikin zubar da shara. Rashin albarkatu da niyyar siyasa a bayan wannan mummunan watsi ga muhalli.

Har ila yau, Arewacin Makidoniya yana fuskantar matsaloli masu tsanani a cikin kula da ruwa. Kasar, duk da haka ya kamata ta sami damar tabbatar da ruwan ta hanyar madatsar ruwa da maɓuɓɓugarta. A lokacin rani, ƙuntatawa na ruwa ya zama ruwan dare. Lokacin bazara kuma yana da alamar lalacewar gandun daji ta hanyar gobarar daji. A shekara ta 2008, an dasa bishiyoyi miliyan shida a Arewacin Makidoniya don sake farfado da gandun daji da suka lalace.

Rashin lalacewar muhalli duk da haka yana tattara kungiyoyin cikin gida kuma Arewacin Makidoniya ta sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar kasa da kasa kamar Yarjejeniyar Kyoto .

The three national parks :

• 
  Pelister
• 
  Mavrovo
• 
  Galičica

Yanayin ɗan adam

Bambance-bambance a cikin yawan jama'a da birni

Hoton Prilep da filin Pelagonia

Jamhuriyar Arewacin Makidoniya ta kunshi garuruwan karkara, tare da kashi 45% kawai na yawan jama'a da suka fi mayar da hankali a cikin manyan garuruwa da birane. Skopje, tare da mazauna sama da 500,000, ita ce birni mafi girma a kasar. Yankin da ke kewaye da shi, ɗaya daga cikin filayen ƙasar, ya haɗa da wasu birane da yawa, kamar Tetovo da Gostivar. Bitola, Prilep da sauran manyan birane, suna cikin filin Pelagonia a kudu. Sauran yawan jama'a sun fi mayar da hankali a kwarin Vardar da sauran 'yan tafkuna da filayen kasar.

Birane, wanda ke tasowa da sauri tun zamanin kwaminisanci na Yugoslavia, ya haifar da gine-gine marasa sarrafawa da ba bisa ka'ida ba. Sauran biranen ba su girma da sauri kamar babban birnin ba, wanda ya sami mazauna sama da 300,000 tsakanin 1948 da 1981. Bitola, Prilep da Kumanovo, sauran manyan birane guda uku, ba su wuce mazauna 30,000 a 1948 ba kuma sun kai mutane 100,000 tun lokacin. Kumanovo, wanda shine birni na biyu mafi girma a Arewacin Makidoniya, yana da mazauna 105,000 kawai a shekara ta 2002, wanda ke da bambanci sosai idan aka kwatanta shi da yawan mutanen babban birnin Skopje - mazauna 506,000. Wannan ya sa Skopje ya zama birni mai mahimmanci.

Yawan jama'a na manyan biraneyankuna

Rarraba kabilanci

Gundumar Arewacin Makidoniya bisa ga mafi yawan kabilanci (a cikin rawaya, Macedonians, a cikin orange Albaniyawa, a cikin kore Turks, a cikin blue municipalities tare da gauraye kabilun)

Macedonians sune mafi girman kabilanci a kasar, suna da kashi 58.4% na yawan jama'a, bisa ga ƙidayar 2021. Suna magana da Harshen Makidoniya kuma mafi yawansu Kiristoci ne na Orthodox na Gabas. Albanians sune mafi yawan 'yan tsiraru a kasar, suna da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na yawan jama'a. Suna zaune galibi a yamma da arewa maso yamma. Turks, wadanda suka hada da kusan kashi 4% na yawan jama'a, galibi sun warwatse, kodayake sun zama mafi rinjaye a cikin kananan hukumomi biyu (Plasnica da Centar Župa). Romani sun kai kashi 2.5% na yawan jama'a kuma suna mai da hankali a duk faɗin Arewacin Makidoniya, yayin da Serbs, waɗanda suka samar da kashi 1.3% na yawan jamaʼa, galibi suna zaune a arewacin ƙasar.

Rarrabawar gudanarwa

Taswirar kananan hukumomi (ƙananan hukumomin birane a cikin shuɗi, sun bambanta da ƙananan hukumomin karkara waɗanda ke cikin kore)

Arewacin Makidoniya ya kasu kashi takwas: Skopje, Pelagonia, Polog, Vardar, Gabas, Kudu maso gabas, Arewa maso gabas da Kudu maso yamma.

Kasar ta ci gaba da raba zuwa kananan hukumomi 84. Har zuwa shekara ta 1996, akwai kananan hukumomi 123, amma dokoki da yawa da aka yi niyyar kara haƙƙin 'yan tsiraru sun rage yawan kananan hukumomi kuma sun canza matsayinsu gaba ɗaya. Skopje, babban birnin kasar, kanta ta kasu kashi goma.

Halaye da fa'idodi

Cikakken taswirar Arewacin Makidoniya

Yanayin yankin Arewacin Makidoniya yana ba shi fa'idodi da yawa. Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodi shine matsayin ƙasa na ƙasar. Ita ce cibiyar Balkans, tsakanin Belgrade da Athens, Tirana da Sofia, tsakanin Adriatic da Black Sea. Kwarin Vardar ya zama hanyar halitta, wanda ke haɗa Girka da sauran Turai. Wannan hanyar ta haye ta hanyar babbar hanyar E75, wacce ta haye a Turai kuma ta haɗa Scandinavia da Attica. An kuma gyara wannan babbar hanyar a Arewacin Makidoniya tare da Hukumar Tarayyar Turai don sake ginawa, kuma tashoshin sadarwa da ke haɗa Adriatic zuwa Tekun Baƙi, wanda ake kira Corridor VIII, an kuma inganta su kuma an kiyaye su ta hanyar taimakon kasa da kasa ciki har da na Italiya.

Arewacin Makidoniya ma tana da wadataccen ma'adanai. Kasar a zahiri tana da ajiya mai yawa na chromium da sauran karafa marasa ƙarfe kamar jan ƙarfe, zinc, Manganese da nickel. Har ila yau, ƙasar tana da ma'adanai na gypsum, marmara da dutse, wanda ke cikin Pelagonia. Lignite, yana ba da 80% na wutar lantarki a Arewacin Makidoniya. Baya ga ma'adanai da ma'adinai, kasar tana da manyan tsire-tsire na siminti da manyan kayan ƙarfe, waɗanda gwamnatin kwaminisanci ta kirkira.

Ana ƙarfafa aikin gona ta hanyar mahimman albarkatun ruwa, waɗanda madatsun ruwa da canals ke sarrafawa. Kasancewar maɓuɓɓugar ruwa masu zafi na asalin dutsen wuta na iya dumama ɗakunan a cikin hunturu, musamman a yankin Strumica, waɗanda samfuran su suka haɗa da Tumatir da cucumbers a cikin watan Fabrairu. Yanayi daban-daban suna ba da dama ga samarwa daban-daban a yankin ƙasa, don haka ana sarrafa inabi da taba a kudu, shinkafa a yankin Kočani wanda aka fi ban ruwa, kuma masana'antar itace tana mai da hankali a kusa da Štip. Aikin noma yana ba da gudummawa sosai ga fitarwa, musamman tare da ruwan inabi da taba. Rashin farashin ma'aikata yana taimakawa masana'antar masana'antu.

Arewacin Makidoniya yana karɓar kusan masu yawon bude ido 1,000,000 a kowace shekara kuma yana fuskantar ƙaruwa na baƙi. Adadin masu yawon bude ido na cikin gida daga Janairu zuwa Maris 2008 ya karu da kashi 23.5% idan aka kwatanta da wannan lokacin na shekarar da ta gabata. Adadin masu yawon bude ido na kasashen waje a watan Maris na shekara ta 2008 idan aka kwatanta da watan Maris na 2007 ya karu da kashi 44.7%. A shekara ta 2007, Tafkin Ohrid ya karbi kusan masu yawon bude ido na cikin gida da na kasashen waje 250,000. A watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2009, kusan masu yawon bude ido 28,000 ne suka ziyarci kasar, wato, kashi 3.2% fiye da wannan watan a shekarar da ta gabata. Har ila yau, an sami karuwar kashi 8% a cikin adadin baƙi na ƙasashen waje. Lokacin rani na shekara ta 2009 shine mafi kyawun lokacin yawon bude ido ga birnin Dojran tare da baƙi 135,000 na dare, karuwa da 12.5% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata.