Yankin dutsen wuta
 Yankin dutsen wuta | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
yankin taswira da volcanic landform (en)  |
Yankin dutsen mai wuta babban yanki newanda yake fitar da wuta aciki dutsen wuta. Ana amfani da wasu kalmomi don ƙananan wuraren aiki, kamar filayen dutsen wuta ko tsarin dutsen wuta. Ana samun Filin dutsen wuta sama da yankuna masu yawan zafin jiki (700 zuwa 1,400 ) inda aka halicci Magma ta hanyar narkewar abu mai ƙarfi a cikin ɓawon burodi na Duniya da kuma saman mantle. Wadannan yankuna yawanci suna samuwa tare da iyakokin farantin tectonic a zurfin kilomita 10 zuwa 50 (6.2 zuwa 31.1 . Misali, tsaunuka masu fitattun wuta a Mexico da yammacin Arewacin Amurka galibi suna cikin belin dutsen wuta, kamar Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt wanda ya kai kilomita 900 (560 daga yamma zuwa gabas a fadin tsakiyar kudancin Mexico da lardin Cordilleran Volcanic na Arewa a yammacin Kanada. A game da Iceland, masanin ilimin ƙasa G.G. Bárdarson a cikin 1929 ya gano tarin belin dutsen wuta yayin da yake nazarin Reykjanes Peninsula . [1]
Ragowar daɗaɗɗen bel ɗin dutsen mai aman wuta ana samun nakasu sosai da ɓarna a yankunan da ba su da wutar lantarki kamar Garkuwar Kanada. Ya ƙunshi sama da bel 150 na volcanic (yanzu gurɓatattun kuma sun lalace zuwa filayen fili kusan) waɗanda ke tsakanin shekaru 600 zuwa miliyan 1,200. Waɗannan su ne yankuna na sauye-sauyen metamorphosed mafic zuwa jerin tsaunukan tsaunuka masu kama da duwatsu masu alaƙa waɗanda ke samar da abin da aka sani da belts na greenstone. An yi tunanin sun samo asali ne a tsoffin wuraren yaɗuwar teku da kuma sararin tsibiri. bel ɗin Greenstone na Abitibi a cikin Ontario da Quebec, Kanada yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan bel ɗin kore na duniya.
Belts na dutsen wuta suna kama da tsaunuka, amma duwatsu a cikin tsaunuka tsaunuka ne, ba duwatsu waɗanda aka kafa ta hanyar lalacewa da ninkawa ta hanyar haɗuwa da faranti na tectonic ba.
Za a iya samar da bel na volcanic ta saitunan tectonic da yawa. Za a iya kafa su ta yankunan da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa, wanda yanki ne a duniya inda faranti biyu na tectonic ke haɗuwa kuma su matsa zuwa juna, tare da ɗaya yana zamewa a ƙarƙashin ɗayan kuma yana motsawa zuwa cikin rigar, a farashin yawanci ana auna su a cikin santimita a kowace shekara. Farantin teku yawanci yana zamewa ƙarƙashin farantin nahiyoyi; wannan sau da yawa yana haifar da yanki na orogenic tare da volcanoes da girgizar asa da yawa. A wata ma'ana, yankunan ƙaddamarwa sun kasance akasin iyakoki mabambanta, wuraren da abin ya tashi daga rigar da faranti ke motsawa. Misalin bel ɗin volcanic mai alaƙa da yanki shine Okhotsk-Chukotka Volcanic Belt a arewa maso gabashin Eurasia, wanda shine ɗayan manyan lardunan da ke da alaƙa da yankin volcanic a duniya, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 3,200 (2,000 mi) kuma ya ƙunshi kusan kilomita 2 × 106 cubic kilomita dal.[2]
Hakanan ana iya samar da bel ɗin volcanic ta wurin wurare masu zafi, wanda wuri ne a saman duniya wanda ya ɗanɗana wutar lantarki na dogon lokaci. Ana kiran waɗannan bel ɗin volcanic sarƙoƙi. Masanin ilimin kimiya na Kanada John Tuzo Wilson ya zo da ra'ayin a cikin 1963 cewa sarƙoƙi masu aman wuta kamar tsibiran Hawaii sun haifar da jinkirin motsi na farantin tectonic a cikin wani wuri mai zafi mai zurfi a ƙasan duniyar duniyar, wanda ake tunanin ya haifar da wani kunkuntar rafi mai zafi da ke fitowa daga kan iyakar mantle-core da ake kira mantleme. Amma a kwanan nan wasu masana kimiyyar ƙasa, irin su Gillian Foulger suna kallon jujjuyawar rigar rigar a matsayin dalili. Wannan kuma ya sake tayar da hasashen tasirin tasirin antipodal, ra'ayin cewa nau'i-nau'i na kishiyar wurare masu zafi na iya haifar da tasirin babban meteor. Masana ilimin kasa sun gano wasu wuraren 40-50 a duk duniya, tare da Hawaii, Réunion, Yellowstone, Galápagos, da Iceland sun mamaye mafi yawan aiki a halin yanzu. Misalin bel ɗin dutse mai zafi shine Anahim Volcanic Belt a British Columbia, Kanada, wanda aka samo shi a sakamakon Arewacin Amurka Plate yana zamewa zuwa yamma akan hotspot Anahim.].
Yawancin tsaunuka masu fitattun wuta sune basaltic saboda suna fashewa ta cikin lithosphere na teku (misali, Hawaii, Tahiti). A sakamakon haka, ba su da fashewa fiye da tsaunuka masu fashewa, waɗanda ke da babban abun ciki na ruwa. Inda hotspots ke faruwa a ƙarƙashin ɓawon burodi na nahiyar, basaltic magma yana makale a cikin ɓawon burodin nahiyar da ba shi da yawa, wanda aka dumama kuma ya narke don samar da rhyolites. Wadannan rhyolites na iya zama masu zafi sosai kuma suna haifar da fashewar tashin hankali, duk da karancin ruwa. Misali, Yellowstone Caldera ya samo asali ne daga wasu fashewar dutsen mai karfi a tarihin geologic.
Misalan
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Yankin Dutsen Andes
- Gidan wuta na Garibaldi
- Yankin Taupo na Dutsen wuta
- Yankin Dutsen wuta na Trans-Mexican
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Hotspot
- Da'irar Wutar Pacific
- Rashin ruwa
- Ruwan wuta
- Filin dutsen wut
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Thordarson, T.; Larsen, G. (2007). "Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005.:123
- ↑ Ispolatov, V. O.; Tikhomirov, P. L.; Heizler, M.; Cherepanova, I. Yu. (May 2004). "New 40Ar/39Ar Ages of Cretaceous Continental Volcanics from Central Chukotka: Implications for Initiation and Duration of Volcanism within the Northern Part of the Okhotsk Chukotka Volcanic Belt (Northeastern Eurasia)". The Journal of Geology. 112 (3): 369–377. Bibcode:2004JG....112..369I. doi:10.1086/382765. S2CID 129022397.