Yankin kariya
 Yankin kariya | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
human-geographic territorial entity (en)  da wuri |
| Fuskar | al'adun muhalli |
| SRGB color hex triplet (en) | 228B22 |
| Karatun ta | Ilimin halittu na kiyayewa |
| Does not have characteristic (en) | Amfani da albarkatun kasa |
| Rukunin da yake danganta |
Category:Protected areas templates (en) , Category:Lists of protected areas (en) da Category:Wikipedia categories named after protected areas (en) |
Wuraren kiyayewa wurare ne waɗanda ke samun kariya saboda sanannun dabi'un halitta ko al'adu. Wuraren da aka ba da kariya sune wuraren da kasancewar ɗan adam ko kuma amfani da albarkatun ƙasa (misali itacen wuta, kayan dajin da ba na katako ba, ruwa, ...) ke da iyaka.[1]
Kalmar "yanki mai kariya" kuma ya haɗa da wuraren kariya na ruwa da yankunan da ke kan iyaka a kan iyakoki da yawa. Tun daga 2016, akwai wuraren kariya sama da 161,000 waɗanda ke wakiltar kusan kashi 17 na sararin duniya (ban da Antarctica).[2][3][4][5][6]
Domin ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin ikon ƙasa fiye da ruwa na cikin gida, akwai Yankunan Kare Ruwa 14,688 (MPAs), wanda ya ƙunshi kusan 10.2% na yankunan bakin teku da na ruwa da 4.12% na yankunan tekun duniya.[2] Sabanin haka, kawai 0.25% na tekunan duniya da suka wuce ikon ƙasa suna rufewa da MPAs.[2][7]
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, shirin na 30 ta 30 ya yi niyya don kare 30% na yankin teku da kashi 30% na ƙasar duniya nan da 2030; Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta amince da wannan a cikin Dabarun Dabarun Halittu na 2030, Gangamin Tsarin Halittu wanda ya inganta manufar yayin taron COP15 na Convention on Biodiversity na COP15 da G7. A cikin Disamba 2022, Kasashe sun cimma yarjejeniya tare da Kunming-Montreal Global Diversity Framework a COP15, wanda ya haɗa da shirin 30 ta 30.
Ana aiwatar da wuraren da aka karewa don kiyaye nau'ikan halittu, galibi suna ba da matsuguni da kariya daga farautar nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari da haɗari. Kariya na taimakawa wajen kula da tsarin muhalli waɗanda ba za su iya rayuwa ba a mafi yawan wuraren da ake sarrafa su da yanayin teku. Jama'ar 'yan asalin ƙasar da al'ummomin yankin akai-akai suna sukar wannan hanyar kiyaye sansanonin saboda yawancin tashe-tashen hankula waɗanda ake aiwatar da ka'idojin yankunan.
Ma'anarsa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ma'anar da aka yarda da ita a cikin tsarin yanki da na duniya an ba da ita ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Kare Halitta (IUCN) a cikin ƙa'idodin rarrabawa don yankunan da aka karewa.[8][9] Ma’anar ita ce kamar haka:[10]
Wurin da aka keɓance a sarari, wanda aka sani, sadaukarwa da sarrafa, ta hanyar doka ko wasu ingantattun hanyoyi, don cimma dogon lokacin kiyaye yanayi tare da haɗin gwiwar sabis na yanayin muhalli da ƙimar al'adu.
Wurare masu kariya da Sauyin yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Babban labarin: Canjin yanayi
Canji a matsakaicin zafin jiki
Wurare masu kariya suna rage tasirin sauyin yanayi ta hanyoyi da dama:
Haramcin ayyukan lalata da suka hada da: kamun kifi, farauta, raya kasa, noma, hakar ma'adinai, saren daji, da kuma wani lokacin shiga[11]
Ragewa a cikin: canje-canje a cikin rarraba jinsuna, tsananin hadari, da tasirin hawan teku.[11]
Canjin yanayi yana barazana ga raƙuman murjani
Yana yaƙi da acidification na teku ta hanyar: kiyaye masu samar da farko na bakin teku, haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta na teleost (osmosregulation buffers pH), da haɓaka haɓakar carbon na halitta ta hanyar famfon nazarin halittu[11]
Ƙaruwa: yawan jama'a, jinsunan jinsuna, bambancin kwayoyin halitta, da yuwuwar daidaitawa, rage haɗarin bacewa[11]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Lele, Sharachchandra; Wilshusen, Peter; Brockington, Dan; Seidler, Reinmar; Bawa, Kamaljit (1 May 2010). "Beyond exclusion: alternative approaches to biodiversity conservation in the developing tropics". Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 2 (1): 94–100. Bibcode:2010COES....2...94L. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2010.03.006. ISSN 1877-3435
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Protected Planet Report 2016" (PDF). UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 September 2016. Retrieved 7 February 2020.
- ↑ Soutullo, Alvaro (2010). "Extent of the Global Network of Terrestrial Protected Areas". Conservation Biology. 24 (2): 362–363. Bibcode:2010ConBi..24..362.. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01465.x. ISSN 1523-1739. PMID 20491846. S2CID 32390446.
- ↑ "unstats - Millennium Indicators". Archived from the original on 27 September 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
- ↑ Mora C, Sale P (2011). "Ongoing global biodiversity loss and the need to move beyond protected areas: A review of the technical and practical shortcoming of protected areas on land and sea" (PDF). Marine Ecology Progress Series. 434: 251–266. Bibcode:2011MEPS..434..251M. doi:10.3354/meps09214. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 September 2011.
- ↑ "Protected Planet Report 2020". Protected Planet Report 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
- ↑ Paddison, Laura (19 December 2022). "More than 190 countries sign landmark agreement to halt the biodiversity crisis". CNN. Retrieved 20 December 2022
- ↑ "About". IUCN. 10 September 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ↑ "Guidelines for Applying the IUCN Protected Area Management Categories to Marine Protected Areas" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2021.
- ↑ Borrini-Feyerabend, G., N. Dudley, T. Jaeger, B. Lassen, N. Pathak Broome, A. Phillips and T. Sandwith (2013). Governance of Protected Areas. From understanding to action (PDF). IUCN. ISBN 978-2-8317-1608-4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 December 2020.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Scott., Mills, L. (27 September 2012). Conservation of Wildlife Populations : Demography, Genetics, and Management. Wiley. ISBN 978-1-118-40669-4. OCLC 1347768873.