Yankin mai na Athabasca
 Yankin mai na Athabasca | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
oil field (en)  | |||||
| Bayanai | |||||
| Bangare na |
T2.1 Boreal and temperate montane forests and woodlands (en) | ||||
| Fuskar |
petroleum industry in Canada (en) | ||||
| Ƙasa | Kanada | ||||
| Product or material produced (en) |
oil sands (en) | ||||
| Tarihin maudu'i |
history of the petroleum industry in Canada (en) | ||||
| Wuri | |||||
| |||||
| Ƴantacciyar ƙasa | Kanada | ||||
| Province of Canada (en) | Alberta (mul) | ||||
'Yankin tar na Athabasca', wanda aka fi sani da yashi mai Atha basca, manyan ajiyar yashi ne na mai mai cike da bitumen, nau'in mai nauyi da mai laushi, a arewa maso gabashin Alberta, Kanada. Wadannan tanadi suna daya daga cikin manyan tushen man fetur a duniya, wanda ya sa Kanada ta zama muhimmiyar mai kunnawa a kasuwar makamashi ta duniya.
Ya zuwa 2023, masana'antar yashi na mai ta Kanada, tare da Yammacin Kanada da wuraren man fetur na bakin teku kusa da Newfoundland da Labrador, sun ci gaba da kara samarwa kuma an yi hasashen karuwa da kimanin 10% a 2024 wanda ke wakiltar rikodin rikodin a ƙarshen shekara na kimanin ganga miliyan 5.3 a kowace rana (bpd). [1] Hawan samarwa yafi dacewa da ci gaba a cikin man Alberta.[1] Faduwar bututun Trans Mountain - bututun mai guda daya zuwa West Coast - zai kara sauƙaƙa wannan karuwa, tare da ƙarfinsa ya karu sosai, zuwa ganga 890,000 a kowace rana daga 300,000 bpd a halin yanzu. [1] Duk da wannan ci gaban, akwai gargadi cewa yana iya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci, tare da samarwa mai yuwuwa bayan 2024.[1] Karuwar da ake tsammani a Kanada a cikin fitar da mai ya wuce na sauran manyan masu samarwa kamar Amurka, kuma kasar tana shirye ta zama babbar direba ta ci gaban samar da mai a duniya a cikin shekara ta 2024. [1] Amfani da waɗannan albarkatun ya haifar da muhawara game da ci gaban tattalin arziki, tsaro na makamashi, da tasirin muhalli, musamman hayaki daga wuraren mai, wanda ya haifar da tattaunawa game da ka'idojin hayaki don bangaren mai da iskar gas.[1][2][3][4][5]
Yankin mai na Athabasca, tare da Kogin Peace da Cold Lake da ke kusa da shi sun kwanta a ƙarƙashin kilomita 141,000 (54,000 sq na gandun daji da muskeg (ƙasa) a cewar Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Alberta, [6] Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) da Kungiyar Masu samar da Man Fetur ta Kanada (CAPP).
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana kiran yashi na man fetur na Athabasca ne bayan Kogin Athabasca wanda ke ratsa zuciyar ajiyar, kuma ana iya lura da alamun mai mai mai nauyi a bakin kogin. A Tarihi, 'yan asalin Cree da Dene Aboriginal sun yi amfani da bitumen don hana jiragen ruwa su ruwa. Ana samun man fetur a cikin iyakokin Yarjejeniya 8, kuma kasashe na farko da yawa na yankin suna da alaƙa da yashi.
Tarihin Farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yankin mai na Athabasca ya fara zuwa ga masu sayar da fata na Turai a cikin 1719 lokacin da Wa-pa-su, dan kasuwa na Cree, ya kawo samfurin yashi mai bitumen zuwa gidan Hudson's Bay Company a York Factory a Hudson Bay inda Henry Kelsey shine manajan.[7] A shekara ta 1778, Peter Pond, wani dan kasuwa na fata kuma wanda ya kafa Kamfanin Arewa maso Yamma, ya zama Turai na farko da ya ga ajiyar Athabasca bayan ya bincika Methye Portage wanda ya ba da damar samun damar samun albarkatun fata masu arziki na tsarin Kogin Athabaska daga Hudson Bay.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Bakx, Kyle (12 October 2023). "Canada could lead the world in oil production growth in 2024". CBC News. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
- ↑ "Tar sands: tearing the flesh from the Earth". theecologist.org (in Turanci). 18 August 2009. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ↑ "Indigenous groups say Big Oil's pollution threatens their existence in Canadian forest". NBC News (in Turanci). 2021-11-22. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ↑ Weisbrod, Katelyn (2021-11-21). "Canada's Tar Sands: Destruction So Vast and Deep It Challenges the Existence of Land and People". Inside Climate News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ↑ "The terrible toll of tar sands mining on Canada's Native people". Mother Jones (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-21.
- ↑ "Alberta's Oil Sands 2006" (PDF). Government of Alberta. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2008-02-17.
- ↑ Poveda, Cesar A.; Lipsett, Michael G. (2014-01-02). "An integrated approach for sustainability assessment: the Wa-Pa-Su project sustainability rating system". International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology. 21 (1): 85–98. Bibcode:2014IJSDW..21...85P. doi:10.1080/13504509.2013.876677. ISSN 1350-4509. Retrieved 2024-02-06.
- ↑ Hein, Francis J. (2000). "Historical Overview of the Fort McMurray Area and Oil Sands Industry in Northeast Alberta" (PDF). Earth Sciences Report 2000–05. Alberta Geological Survey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-17.