Yankunan Interandean
 Yankunan Interandean | |
|---|---|
geographical feature (en)  |
Kalmar kwari Interandean tana nufin waɗancan kwarin da ke cikin tsaunukan Andes.
Kwaruruka na Interandean sun ƙunshi mafi yawan wuraren tsakiyar tsaunuka na " Sierra " na Peru, "los valles" na Bolivia da "yankin Cuyo " na Argentina .
A Colombia manyan kwarin interandean sun samo asali ne daga Kogin Magdalena da wadatarta, Kogin Cauca .
Yanayin ƙasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yanayin da ke da tsaunuka na Tsakiyar Andes yana haifar da kwari mai dumi, bushe wanda ke nuna kwarin. Gabaɗaya yana kwance tsakanin mita 1,200 da 3,500 sama da matakin teku (m.a.s.l.) ko 4,000 - 13,000 feet sama da matakin lewatle. Yawancin yankin suna da tuddai masu tsawo da zurfin canyons, gami da zurfin zurfin duniya, Colca Canyon.
Yawancin manyan birane da garuruwan kwarin suna samuwa a cikin manyan kwari, kwari masu budewa tare da shimfidar ƙasa da tabkuna ko Filayen ambaliyar ruwa suka haifar wanda ya fi dacewa da aikin gona fiye da gangaren da ke da matukar lalacewa.
A kudu da yamma, akwai hamada mai tsananin sanyi, filayen gishiri da wuraren ciyawa na altiplano. A arewa da gabas akwai gandun daji masu laushi, rigar, da ke da girgije ko "Yunga" na gaba, da kuma tuddai na Andes. tsaunuka masu tsawo, tsaunuka, da tsaunuka masu tsayi, waɗanda ke cike da tsaunukan alpine puna, gandun daji na Polylepis, ko tsaunuka da ke rufe dusar ƙanƙara sun raba kwarin daga waɗannan yankuna biyu.[1]
Yanayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kwarin suna da alama ta hanyar bazara mai laushi, da sanyi mai sanyi. Lokaci na lokutan ya bambanta bisa ga latitude. Gabaɗaya, yawancin ruwan sama yana faruwa a lokacin rani ("el verano") daga Disamba zuwa Maris. Wadannan lokutan ruwan sama na iya zama masu sanyi da danshi na dogon lokaci, kodayake yana iya zama mai dumi a lokacin bushewa. Lokacin fari yana da sanyi sosai; waɗannan hunturu masu bushewa ("invierno") suna ƙarshe daga Afrilu zuwa Agusta. Duk wani ruwan sama da ke faruwa sau da yawa yakan faɗi a matsayin dusar ƙanƙara a tsaunuka masu tsawo, kodayake dusar ƙara tana da matukar wuya a ƙasa da ƙafa 10,000 sama da matakin teku (3400m.a.s.l.). Lokaci mafi zafi na shekara shine watanni na canji na Satumba-Nuwamba.
Yankunan halittu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asusun Kula da namun daji na Duniya ya gano yankuna masu yawa na gandun daji a cikin kwarin interandean:
- Kyakkyawan gandun daji na Bolivia (Bolivia)
- Kudancin gandun daji na Cauca Valley (Colombia)
- Kyakkyawan gandun daji na Magdalena Valley (Colombia)
- Kyakkyawan gandun daji na Marañón (Peru)
- Kudancin gandun daji na Patía Valley (Colombia)
- Kudancin Sinú Valley busassun gandun daji (Colombia)
Shuke-shuke
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shuke-shuke sau da yawa ba su da yawa ko kuma suna da ganyayyaki, sakamakon dogon lokacin fari. Yawancin tsire-tsire na asali an maye gurbinsu da aikin gona ko abubuwan da ke cikin alaƙa waɗanda har yanzu ana amfani da su sosai, kamar Eucalyptus spp. , Phragmites spp. , Pinus radiata Shahararrun tsire-tsire masu tasowa sun haɗa da Schinus molle da nau'ikan cactus daban-daban, kodayake wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama wadanda ba na asali ba.
Yanayin ɗan adam da tasiri
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin mutane na tsakiyar Andes, gami da mafi yawan manyan birane, manyan garuruwa, da aikin gona, ana samun su a cikin waɗannan kwari.[2]
Aikin noma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin ƙasar an sadaukar da ita ga aikin gona, kuma kwarin suna da alaƙa da wuraren gurasa na sassan su ko ƙasashe. Lokaci mai tsawo ba tare da sanyi ba, da kuma yanayin zafi gabaɗaya yana sa kwarin ya fi dacewa fiye da mafi girma, mafi sanyi altiplano don amfanin gona da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, kwari da yawa suna da filayen da aka kirkira ta hanyar ambaliyar kogi ko tsoffin tafkunan tafkin, waɗanda ke aiki mafi kyau fiye da tsaunuka masu ban tsoro na Yungas. Kuma yanayin da ya bushe yana tallafawa ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka fiye da Yungas ko yankuna masu zafi.
Abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci sune samar da dankali da masara. A tsaunuka masu tsawo, oca da sauran tubers da kuma quinoa, alkama, sha'ir da sauran hatsi. A ƙananan tsaunuka, ana samar da man shanu, inabi da sauran nau'ikan 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu.
Birane da manyan garuruwa a cikin kwarin Interandean
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Argentina:
Bolivia:
- Zaman Lafiya
- Cochabamba
- Shukari
- Tarihi
- Villazón
- Tupiza
Colombia
- Medellín (Aburra Valley)
- Cali (Kwarin Cauca)
- Ibagué (Kwarin Kogin Magdalena)
- Pasto (Kwarin Atriz)
- Neiva (Kwarin Kogin Magdalena)
- Tuluá (Kwarin Cauca)
- Popayán (Pubenza Valley)
Peru:
- Cajamarca
- Huánuco
- Huancayo
- Ayacucho
- Abancay
- Andahuaylas
- Arequipa
- Cusco