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Yaren Fante

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Yaren Fante
Baƙaƙen boko
Lamban rijistar harshe
ISO 639-2 fat
ISO 639-3 fat
Glottolog fant1241[1]

Fante ita ce yare na gama gari na mutanen Fante, wanda al'ummominsu kowannensu yana da nasa yarensu, wato Agona, Anomabo, Abura da Gomoa, dukkansu suna da fahimtar juna. Schacter da Fromkin sun bayyana manyan ƙungiyoyin yaren Fante guda biyu: Fante 1, wanda ke amfani da syllable-na ƙarshe /w/ don haka ya bambanta kaw ("rawa") da ka ("cizo"); da Fante 2, inda waɗannan kalmomi ke yin luwadi. Ana koyar da daidaitaccen nau'i na Fante a makarantun firamare da sakandare. Yawancin Fantes masu yare biyu ne ko kuma na iya magana da Twi . [2]

Manyan wadanda suka yi jawabi sun hada da Cardinal Peter Appiah Turkson, Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang, [3] tsohon sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kofi Annan, [4] [5] da kuma tsoffin shugabannin Ghana Kwame Nkrumah da John Atta Mills . [6] Maya Angelou [7] ta koyi Fante tun tana balaga a lokacin zamanta a Ghana.

A yau fiye da mutane miliyan 6 ne ke magana da Fante a Ghana musamman a yankunan Tsakiya da Yamma. Har ila yau, ana yaɗa shi a cikin Tema, inda yawancin mutanen garin ƴan asalin garin Fante ne waɗanda aka zauna bayan an gina sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa.

Ɗaya daga cikin siffa mai ban mamaki na yaren Fante shine matakin daidaitawa saboda tasirin mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya da "cika gibin lexical da na ma'ana, don dalilai masu sauƙi. Misalan irin waɗannan rancen sun haɗa da rɛkɔso ("rikodi"), rɔba "roba", nɔma ("lamba"), kolapuse "rukuni", da kuma sunan Nlapuse [8] a lokaci-lokaci. [9] "Mεnsa" zama "Mensah" ko "Atta" zama "Arthur".

Sunan "Fanta" yana da asali daban-daban.

Bayani na farko kuma mafi yawan karɓa ya fito ne daga al'adar baki. Ya ce Fanta-linkid="140" href="./Fante_people" id="mwfA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Fante people">Mutanen Fante sun rabu da Akan_people" id="mwfQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Akan people">sauran kungiyoyin Akan a kusa da 1250 AD a yankin da yanzu ake kira Brong Ahafo . An yi imanin cewa tafiyarsu ta haifar da sunan Fante, wanda aka samo daga kalmar "Fa-atsew" ma'anar "rabin da ya rage". An yi imanin cewa wannan rabuwa ta faru ne a wani wuri da ake kira Krako, a yau Techiman a yankin Bono East na Ghana. Daga wannan lokacin, Fante ya bunkasa a matsayin rukuni na Akan. Mutanen Fante sun kasance karkashin jagorancin manyan mayaƙa uku da aka sani da Obrumankoma, whale; Odapagyan, gaggafa; da Oson, giwa. Wadannan sunayen suna ci gaba da riƙe muhimmancin al'adu da alama tsakanin Fante.

The second explanation suggests that the name Fante comes from a difference in food habits between them and Asante. According to this version, the Fante were known for eating spinach, called efan, while the Asante ate another herb known as san.[page needed][<span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (June 2025)">page<span typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>needed</span>]

Wannan ka'idar ba kawai ta dace ba a cikin ilimin harshe har ma da lahani a tarihi. Asante ba ta fito a matsayin babbar ƙungiyar siyasa ba har zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha bakwai, lokacin da aka riga aka kafa Fante kuma an san su. Bambancin tsakanin asalin Fante da Asante kawai ya fara tasowa a ƙarshen ƙarni na sha takwas, yana yin duk wata alaƙa tsakanin sunan Fante da kuma Asante anachronistic. Saboda wadannan dalilai, labarin asalin farko an dauke shi mafi abin dogaro, duka dangane da harshe da daidaito na tarihi. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][ana buƙatar hujja][citation needed]

Fasahar sauti

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Sautin da aka yi amfani da shi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Labari Alveolar (Alveolo-)
baki 		Velar Gishiri
plain lab. plain lab. plain lab. plain lab. plain lab.
Hanci m n nʷ ɲ ɲʷ
Plosive voiceless p pʷ t tʷ k kʷ ʔ
voiced b bʷ d dʷ ɡ gʷ
Rashin lafiya voiceless ts tɕ tɕw [tɕɥ][tɕᶣ]
voiced dz dʑ Ya kamata a yi amfani da shi[dʑᶣ]
Fricative f s sʷ ɕ ɕw [ɕɥ][ɕᶣ] h hʷ
Kusanci r j w

Sautin sautin

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A gaba Tsakiya Komawa
Kusa i u
Kusa da kusa ɪ ʊ
Tsakanin Tsakiya e o
Bude-tsakiya ɛ ɔ
Bude a

Daga cikin waɗannan wasula, biyar na iya zama nasalized: /ĩ/, /ɪ̃/, /ã/, /ũ/, da /ʊ̃/ .[10]

Fante exhibits vowel harmony, where all vowels in a word belong to one of the two sets /i e o u a/ or /ɪ ɛ ɔ ʊ a/.[10]

Sauti

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Fante, kamar sauran nau'ikan Akan, yana da sautuna biyu masu banbanci, sautin da ya fi girma (H) da sautin da ba shi da yawa (L). [11]

Rubutun kalmomi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Fante yana da rubutun sauti. Yana amfani da haruffa masu zuwa don nuna alamomi masu zuwa: [10]

Uppercase A B D E Ɛ F G H I K M N O Ɔ P R S T U W Y Z
Lowercase a b d e ɛ f g h i k m n o ɔ p r s t u w y z
Phoneme /a/ /b/ /d/ /e/, /ɪ/ /ɛ/ /f/ /g/ /h/ /i/ /k/ /m/ /n/ /o/, /ʊ/ /ɔ/ /p/ /r/ /s/ /t/ /u/ /w/ /j/ /z/

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Yaren Fante". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. ↑ Abakah, Emmanuel Nicholas (2004). "Elision in Fante" (PDF). Africa & Asia: 181–213. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-25. Retrieved 2019-12-25.
  3. ↑ "Make no mistake, Jane Naana Opoku-Agyemang is a courageous Fante!". GhanaWeb (in Turanci). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2023-10-02.
  4. ↑ "William Shawcross - UK : official personal website". 2014-01-14. Archived from the original on 2014-01-14. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  5. ↑ "Kofi Annan | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (in Turanci). Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  6. ↑ Sunday, Eno-Abasi; Andrew Oyafemi (2012-07-25). "John Atta Mills: Death of an African leader". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  7. ↑ Drezen, Anna; Angelou, Maya (2018). "American Masters - The Poet: Dr. Maya Angelou". www.pbs.org. PBS. Archived from the original on March 29, 2018. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  8. ↑ Apenteng, Monica Amoah; Amfo, Nana Aba Appiah (2014). "The Form and Function of English Loanwords in Akan". Nordic Journal of African Studies. 23: 219–240.
  9. ↑ Agyekum, Kofi (2006-12-31). "The Sociolinguistic of Akan Personal Names". Nordic Journal of African Studies (in Turanci). 15 (2). ISSN 1459-9465.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Adjaye, Sophia A. (1985). "Fante: the orthography versus speech". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 15 (2): 23–33. doi:10.1017/S0025100300002954. ISSN 0025-1003. JSTOR 44525932. S2CID 145592307.
  11. ↑ Abakah, Emmanuel Nicholas (2005). "Tone Rules in Akan" (PDF). Journal of West African Languages. XXXII: 109–134.
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